OF ACCOMPANYING ANIMALS AND PLANTS. 131 



minadab (Ex. vi. 23, Num. i. 7, vii. 12, and Ruth iv. 20), Hepher (Num. xxvi. 33, xxvii. 1, and Josh, 

 xvii. 3), Uri son of Hur (Ex. xxxv. 30) : and among Greeks. 



The same year (= 1365 y. 10 mo. — "66 y. 2 mo " of Manetho in Jos. c. A. = 1412 y. 2 mo. 

 — " 51 —61 years " of the Afr.-Maneth. table), Amgnoph;s or Amenophath or Ammgnepthes, a date 

 possibly marking the great victory gained by Mienptah over the Libyans and their allies invading 

 from the West, the Shakalusha or Sicilians, Tursha or Etruscans, Akaiusha or Greeks, and Luka or 

 Lycians : the number of the enemy slain is set down at " 12,535 " — on the temple at Medinet Abu. 

 (The date at least is one of the three regarded as established by De Rouge" with absolute certainty, 

 De Saulcy acad. inscript. Apr. 7th 1876 in Boston Transcript of May 5th 1876). 



Hadad succeeded by Samlah of Masrekah, now fifth king of Edom (Gen. xxxvi. 36, and 1 

 Chron. i. 47). 



1298 B. C. (= 1268 + "30 years " of Euseb. i. and ii., and Syncell.) accession of Balatores or 

 Beletaras as Assyrian emperor ; (according to Bion, Alex. Polyhist., and Agath. ii. 25 p. 119) head 

 of a new or Second dynasty. 



The same year = "8th year of Mienptah," in private letters — (Birch). 



The name of king Mienptah occurs also at San or Zoan, and in his own tomb at Bab-el-meluk 

 (Glid. analect.). 



The accession of Seti Mienptah II., a king of the Nineteenth dynasty, not earlier 

 than this date. — He immediately follows Mienptah in the series of kings at Medinet 

 Abu. 



The same year = " 1st year of Seti Mienptah II.," latest date in the Sallier and sim- 

 ilar papyri on the campaigns of Ramessu II. — (Leps. eg. and sin. 394). 

 1297 B. C. = "2d year of Seti Mienptah II.," on a pillar at Silsilis — (Birch). 

 On a tablet at Abusimbel, Seti Mienptah II. is represented as a conqueror : his name occurs also 

 at Karnak and Luxor in Thebes, on various stelaa, and in his own tomb at Bab-el-meluk : a fine statue 

 of him found at Thebes — is now in the British museum, the anciently-erased name "Set" showing 

 that the attempted substitution of the god Set for Osiris was subsequent to his reign (Birch, and 

 Glid. analect.). 



The name of Amunmessu, a king of the Nineteenth dynasty, occurs in his own tomb 

 I at Bab-el-meluk. The name of his wife is also known, but whether he preceded or 

 followed Seti Mienptah II., has not been ascertained — (Birch). He is omitted in the 

 I series of kings at Medinet Abu. 



Viola odorata of Europe and the adjoining portion of Asia. The sweet-scented vio- 

 let called in Britain March violet from the season of flowering (Prior), in Germany " veilchen " 

 (Grieb), in France " violette " (Nugent), in Italy "viola" or "viola mammola " or " mammoletta " 

 (Lenz), in Greece "viol6ta" (Sibth.) or " menSx?," in Egypt " benaefsidj " (Forsk), in Egyptian 

 "ian" — (Kirch.) : observed in the gardens of Egypt by Abd-allatif, Forskal, Delile, Clot-bey, and 

 found by myself a general favourite. Northward, the " i6n " or "ion " is mentioned by Homer od. v. 

 73, Pindar, Aristophanes, Plato conv. 212, and Theophrastus ; the "ion porphuroun " is described by 

 Dioscorides as having a fragrant flower, its purple portion given as medicine to children ; V. odorata 

 was observed by Forskal in gardens at Constantinople ; by Sibthorp, and Fraas, in moist shady 

 places on the mountains of Greece. Westward, the " ia " is identified by Pliny xxi. 14 to 76 with the 

 purple-flowered "viola" cultivated as well as growing wild; the "viola" and "violarium" bed of 

 violets, are mentioned by Cicero, Varro, Horace, Virgil, and Columella, the Romans having "a wine 

 made of violet flowers, and it is said they are still used in the preparations of the Grand Signior's 

 sherbet " (Pereira, and Lindl.) : V. odorata is described by C. Bauhin pin. 199 ; is termed " v. mar- 

 tia purpurea flore simplici odoro " by Tournefort inst. 419; was observed by Lenz wild in Italy, is 

 known to grow in shaded situations as far as Denmark (fl. Dan. pi. 309, Pers., and A. Dec), and is 

 besides cultivated. Eastward from the Mediterranean, is called in Hindustanee " banafsna " or " na- 

 farman" (D'roz.), and was observed by Law cultivated near Bombay (Graham); by Mason, "exotic" 

 in Burmah ; by Kaempfer, and Thunberg, in Japan and called " kotjo " or "kotjo so," also " kinsai " 

 or "simire." By European colonists, was carried to Northeast America, where it continues in gar- 

 dens, and according to A. Gray "sometimes grows spontaneously near dwellings." Its petals 

 according to Lindley are " used as a laxative for children." 



1295 B. C. = " 1st year of Setnekht Merera Miamun," in a papyrus (Leps. eg. and 

 sin.). His accession not later than this date; and he immediately follows Seti 

 Mienptah II. — in the series of kings at Medinet Abu. 



His name occurs at Sarabit-el-Khadim in the Sinai peninsula, in the Queens valley 

 _ at Thebes, and on a column — now in the British museum (Glid. analect., and Birch). 

 King Amgnophis (according to Manetho) wished the privilege accorded to his predecessor Horus 

 of " seeing the gods : " and under advice from the prophet Amen6phis to clear Egypt of lepers 



