154 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



By Melampus also, the worship of Dionysus or Bacchus (derived according to Herodotus ii. 49 

 through the Cadmean Phoenicians in Boeotian Thebes) was extended in Greece. Melampus resided 

 at first with his uncle king Neleus at Pylos : — and his descendants, hereditary prophets as far as 

 Theoclymenus of the fourth generation seen by Telemachus, are enumerated by Homer od. xi. 291, 

 and xv. 225. 



1154 B. C. (="527 A. D. + 1680"= 1804 A. D. + "2957 years" of Bentley as. res. viii. 

 p. 233), the Hindu astronomer Parasara, whose rule for the adjustment of the calendar — is quoted in 

 the Vedas. 



" The same year = 1st year of Tcheou or Cheou-sin, of the Chang " or Fourth dynasty — (Chi- 

 nese chron. table). 



Olen of Lycia the earliest composer of "umnoi" or hymns among the Greeks — (Herodot. 

 iv. 35, and Pausan. ix. 27. 2): "hymns to the gods" were recited or sung during the Trojan war 

 (Homer il.). 



The names of a party of Hyperborei visiting Delos recorded by Olen of Lycia : — Hyperborei 

 are also mentioned by Boeo of Delphi, Hesiod epigon. ; and their home is placed by Aeschylus 

 prometh., and Pindar, at the sources of the Ister or Danube. 



The arts of agriculture and weaving cloth known to the Hyperboreans as early probably as this 

 dale (see Meneptha Sethos, and amber) : — the presents they continued sending to Delos came 

 wrapped in straw of " puros " (Herodot., and Paus. i. 31. 2) : 



And in direct accordance, the two kinds of grain most anciently cultivated in Switzerland are 

 shown by the debris of lake-villages to be Triticum vulgare var. antiquorum (Heer, see also Chin- 

 noung), and Hordeum vulgare var. hexastichum sanctum, six-rowed barley. 



^ Linum angustifolinm of Europe and the adjoining portion of Asia. Called in Greece "agrioli- 

 nari " (Sibth.) : and shown by the debris of lake-villages to be the kind of flax cultivated in Switzer- 

 land for weaving cloth during the Stone period — (Heer): L. angustifolium is termed "1. sylvestre 

 angustifolium floribus dilute purpurascentibus vel carneis " by Tournefort inst. 340 ; was observed 

 in Harbary by Desfontaines ; and is known to grow in Britain, especially in the vicinity of the sea 

 (Huds., Engl. bot. pi. 381, and Pers.). Eastward, the " amorgithos " is mentioned by Aristophanes 

 lysistr. 735 ; " amorginos hitfln," by Antiphanes, and Pollux; the " amorgis " is identified by Orion 

 etym. with the " linokalamen ; " and according to other authority, is the most slender kind of flax 

 and an herb with a purple flower (see also Scarlatus) : L. angustifolium was observed by Sibthorp 

 and Chaubard, in Crete and the Peloponnesus. 



The domestic animals of Switzerland during the Stone Age, are enumerated as : the bullock, Bos 

 taurus, a small race with the horns short and incurved furward ; the goat, Capra hircus, numerous; 

 the sheep, Ovis aries, in rare instances ; swine, Sus scrofa domesticated ; and the dog, Canis famili- 

 aris (Troyon p. 273 and 442). 



In Denmark, judging from the culinary relics, the dog appears to have been the only domestic 

 animal during the Stone Age (Troyon), but additional wild animals occur in debris of the earliest 

 dwellings and villages, as the following used for food: the seal, Phoca ; lynx, Felis lynx; the "rat 

 de terre " . . . : of birds, the wild swan, Cygnus . . . . ; eider duck, Anas mollissima ; "petite oie 

 sauvage," Anser . . . . ; great auk, " Alca impennis ; " "coq de bruyere," Tetrao . . . . : of fishes, the 

 lierring, Clupea . . . . , and eel, Anguilla . . .of Crustacea, the crab, Cancer . : and of mollusks, 

 the oyster, Ostrea . . . ; scollop, Pecten. . . ; and land-snails. Helices (Steenstrup, and Troyon 97). 



" 1 150 B. C." (Pauth. note to Chi-King iii. 1. 1), Wen- Wang, founder of the Tcheou dynasty. 



In this year (= 1071 -\- " Soth year" of Philistus, Dionys. i. . . ), the Sikels, driven out of Italy 

 by the ■' Aborigines " and associated Pelasgian Greeks, proceeding to the neighbouring large island 

 occupied by Sikani ; an Iberian tribe recently driven there by the Ligurians. The Sikels formed 

 settlements; and hence the name " Sikedia " or Sicily. — The island of Sikelia is mentioned by 

 Homer od. 



The above event is further referred to the "twenty-sixth year of the priestess Alcyone ; in the 

 third generation before the fall of Troy" (Hellan.) : the first part of this extract being from the Reg- 

 ister kept at Argos by the priestesses of Juno. The language of this Register was in all probability 

 Greek, and the writing alphabetic. 



Lycus after governing Boeotian Thebes "twenty years " (including the short reign of Labdacus) 

 slain and succeeded by Zethus and Amphion, sons of Antiopa. Instead of continuing the regency, 

 they expelled Laius, and proceeded to build a wall around the city (Homer od. X 262, Apollod. iii. 

 5. 2, and Pausan. ix. 5). 



The improvement of combining poetry with instrumental music attributed to Amphion (Hera- 

 clides in Plut. mus. p. 1132). The poet-musician Linus at this time living, — whose tomb at Boe- 

 otian Thebes continued to be pointed out for many centuries (Pamph., Hes., Heraclid., and Pausan. 

 ix. 29. 3). 



