OF ACCOMPANYING ANIMALS AND PLANTS. 



157 



(Horn. il. xxiv. 215 to 240) ; the Phrygian flute-player Marsyas, son of Hyagnis (Plut. mus., Clem. 

 Alex., and others) ; Pittheus son of Pelops (Pind. and Apollod.). 



1132 B. C. (= 1113 y. 302^1 d.-|- " 18 years" of Judg. x. 8), the Midianites defeated by the 

 Israelites under Gideon, also called Jerubbaal. 



Ramessu XI. built the temple in the rear of Karnak — dedicated by his successor to the god 

 Khons (Birch). 



Platanus Orientalis of the Tauro-Caspian countries. Called in Britain plane tree (Prior), in 

 Italy "platano" (Lenz), in Greece "platanos" (Sibth.), in which we recognize the "platanus" on 

 the road from Apamea into Phrygia, said to be that on which Marsyas was hanged, — and which 

 continued to be pointed out in the days of Pliny xvi. 88 and 89 ; who further mentions a "platanus " 

 at Delphi said to have been planted by Agamemnon, and trees or their offshoots continuing on the 

 tomb of Protesilaus within sight of Troy: the "platanistos " (translated "platanus" by Cicero) was 

 already at the beginning of the Trojan war in Asia Minor and Greece, as appears from Homer il. ii. 

 307; is mentioned also by Herodotus vii. 31 ; and the "platanou" is described by Dioscorides as 

 having green globular fruit and down on the leaves : P. Orientalis was observed by Forskal, Sibthorp, 

 Chaubard, and Fraas, abounding along streams in Asia Minor and throughout Greece and the Greek 

 islands, besides being sometimes planted. Farther South, was already planted in Egypt in the days 

 of Theophrastus ; and was observed there in gardens by Forskal, Clot-Bey, and by myself as far 

 even as Middle Egypt. Westward, according to Pliny xii. 3 the "platanus" was first brought over 

 the Ionian Sea to the isle of Diomedes to adorn his tomb there, and thence to Sicily, having been 

 planted by the first Dionysius ; "platanos" trees on the tomb of Diomedes are mentioned also by 

 Theophrastus : P. Orientalis continues to be planted for ornament in Southern and middle Europe. 



1 13 1 B. C. (=431 -f- "700 yrs " of Thucyd. v., Tourn. trav. i. 174), from this date the island 

 of Milo, halfway between the Peloponnesus and Crete, — retained its independence " seven hundred 

 years." 



1 130 B. C. (= 1071 -j- "60th year" of Dionys. i., see also Strab.), in Italy, arrival of Evander 

 from Arcadia with "two ships" and the alphabet; which had "recently been acquired by the Arca- 

 dians." He was amicably received by king Faunus of the tribe called " Aborigines,'' and allowed 

 to settle on the Palatine hill : — four centuries later, included in the site selected for the city of 

 Rome. 



Acer pseudoplatanus of Europe and the adjoining portion of Asia. Called in Britain sycamore 

 ox great maple (Prior), in Germany mountain "ahorn," in Italy " acero " or " acero di montagna" 

 (Lenz), in which we recognize the " acernis " of which the spear of Evander was made — and the 

 Trojan horse (according to Virgil aen. ix. 87), the tree growing in the sacred groves of Phrygia . the 

 " klinotrohon " with wood white and tough employed for the rollers of bedsteads, is further described 

 by Theophrastus iii. 10 as having the leaves lobed as in the plane but less fleshy and pointed at the 

 apex : A. pseudoplatanus has been observed by modern travellers in Greece, and according to Forskal 

 is called there "platanos : " farther South, was observed by Clot-Bey in the gardens of Egypt. West- 

 ward, the " acer gallicum " affording wood of special whiteness, is further described by Pliny xvi. 26 

 as growing in Italy North of the Po, and in the country beyond the Alps ; A. pseudoplatanus is 

 known as a lofty forest-tree in France and middle Europe as far as " Lat. 52° " (Duham. i. pi. 36, 

 Pers., A. Dec, and Daub.) ; and is besides planted for ornament (Engl. bot. pi. 303). By European 

 colonists, was carried to Northeast America, where it continues occasionally planted ; to the Mauritius 

 Islands, where it is called "platane," but was not seen by Bojer flowering. 



1 128 B. C. (= 51 A. D. -f- " T178 years " of Plin. xvi. 79, pseud. -Aristot. mir. 146 giving S59 

 -|- " 287 years " = 1 146, see C. Mull, geogr. min. i. p. xx), Utica, sometimes called " Old Carthage," 

 founded by Phoenician mariners. 



Cedrus Atlanlica of the Atlas mountains. Rafters of the temple of Apollo at Utica, built at the 

 same time with the city, — continued extant in the days of Pliny xvi. 79, and proved to be of " numidi- 

 carum cedrorum ; " referred by A. Decandolte to the cedar of Atlas : the timber was doubtless sometimes 

 imported into Egypt and Italy, and included in the " cedrus magna " of Pliny ; but the living C . Atlantica 

 remained unknown to botanists until recently discovered by Manetti (see C. Libani). 



The same year (= 991 -\- " 130 + 7 y rs " °f tne Euseb.-Maneth. table), possible 

 date of the accession of Ramessu XII. Miamun, tenth king of the Twentieth dynasty. 

 His name occurs at Karnak, Medinet Abu, on a stela — now belonging to Mr. Hoskins 

 (Glid. analect), and in his own tomb at Bab-el-meluk. 



1 127 B. C. (= 1071 + "56 years" of Clint, i. p. 78, see Horn. il. xi. 719, and Pind. ol. ix), war 

 against king Neleus of Pylos, his son Nestor at this time regarded as too young to bear arms. Other 

 particulars Illustrating the condition of Greece from this period — down to the Trojan war, are con- 

 tained in the narrations of Nestor. 



Mulius, the husband of Agamede daughter of king Augeas of Elis, slain in battle by Nestor. 



