244 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



and the "aspalathos " with which kings -are chastised in Hades — (Plat. leg. 10) is referred here by 

 Sprengel : the aspalathos gteron " is distinguished by Dioscorides as white and scentless and inferior 

 in quality : G. horrida was observed by Sibthorp, and Chaubard, and Fraas, frequent on mountains 

 from the Peloponnesus throughout the Greek islands. Westward, the "frutex humilior" is further 

 described by Pliny xxiv. 69 as growing in many places but " non ubique odoratus : " G. horrida is 

 termed " genista-spartium minus saxatile aculeis horridum " by Tournefort inst. 645 ; was observed 

 by Villars in Southern France, and is known to grow as far as Spain (Pers.). 



" 535 B. C." (Suid , and Clint.) in Greece, tragedy first exhibited by Thespis. 



Pcplis portula of Europe and the adjoining portion of Asia. Called in Britain water purslane 

 (Prior), in Greece "anthrakleitha" or "anthrahne" (Sibth.); in which we recognize the A/VAPAX/VH 

 herb habitually used by Thespis — (Suid.), the salted "anthrahne potamie " of Polemon diaet. ii. 

 25, and the "anthrahne" mentioned by Theophrastus vii. 1. 2 as cultivated, by Dioscorides as escu- 

 lent, and by pseudo-Aristot. color. 5 as turning red in ripening: P. portula was observed by Sibthorp 

 abounding in moist cultivated ground around Athens, and eaten in salads. Westward, the " an- 

 drachne " herb is identified by Pliny xiii. 40 and xx. 81 with the " portulacae " or " porcilaca " mixed 

 in salads "in acetariis sumta; " the "portulaca" is mentioned also by Varro iv. 28, and Columella 

 x. 356; P. portula is termed "glaux palustris flore striato clauso foliis portulacae" by Tournefort 

 inst. 88, is known to grow throughout middle Europe as far as Denmark (fl. Dan. pi. 64, and Pers.). 



Hardly earlier than this date (Graha Munjari tables, Puranas, and Bentl.), Satya reigning in 

 Hindustan. 



One hundred and thirteenth generation. Sept. 1st, 534, mostly beyond youth : the poet Phocy- 

 lides (writing in Greek but a Jew according to Bernays, note in Steinschn. i. 2) ; the Greek poets, 

 Melanippides, Telesilla of Argos, and Lasus of Hermione ; Choerilus the tragic poet ; Theagenes of 

 Rhegium (who wrote on Homer) ; the historians, Eugeon of Samos, Polyzelus, Deiochus of Procon- 

 nesus, Eudemus of Paros, Democles, Acusilaus, and Amelesagoras of Chalcedon. 



"The same year" (= 509 -(- " 25 yrs," Sm. b. d.), Servius Tullius succeeded by Tarquinius 

 Superbus seventh and last king of Rome. In whose reign, Petronius Sabinus is said to have obtained 

 from M. Tullius or M. Atilius the Sibylline books to take a copy of them (Val. Max i. 1. 14, and 

 Dionys. iv. 62). 



Teclona grandis of Tropical Hindustan and Burmah. The teak tree is called in the environs 

 of Bombay "saag" (Graham), in Bengalee ■' segoon," in Telinga " teka," in Tamil " thaikoo marum " 

 (Drury) ; in which we recognize the material of which ships were built at Tyle at the entrance to 

 the Persian Gulf — that continued sailing "more than two hundred years" to the time of Theo- 

 phrastus v. 6 : T. grandis was observed by Rheede iv. pi. 27 in Malabar; by Graham, "in consider- 

 able abundance in the forests " along the Taptee " and in various parts of the " Concans ; by myself, 

 a fine large forest-tree frequent in the Concans or lower country along the sea; is known to grow 

 from Goojerat to the end of the peninsula, and as far as Rajahmundry on the Eastern coast (Roxb. 

 cor. i. pi. 6, and Drury) ; was observed by Mason v. p. 525 abounding in Burmah and called " kywon," 

 furnishing " the staple timber" of the country ; and is known to grow as far as Java (Rumph. iii. pi. 

 18, and Pers.). Westward, a tradition is mentioned by Eutychius of Alexandria that " saj " timber 

 was employed for building the ark (Smith bibl. diet.) ; the " sadj " is mentioned also by Edrisi, Ebn 

 Baitar; and is described by Forskal p. lvi as an incorruptible kind of wood imported from Hindustan 

 for the keel of Egyptian vessels. 



" In the second half of the Sixth century B. C." (Mason i. 2), founding by Budhists of the sea- 

 port city of Rangoon in Burmah.* 



* Pterospermum aceroides or " tha ma jam wai-soke," and P. subaarifolium or " na-jee," both 

 of Burmah. — In company with P. acerifolium "growing with teak in all the forests," attaining 

 according to McClelland the girth of ten or twelve feet and a lofty height, the timber extremely valu- 

 able and strong as either teak or oak (Mason v. 536). 



Grewia ta-yau of Burmah. A small Tiliaceous tree, from early times furnishing spars to vessels 

 at Tavoy : — observed by Mason v. 537 growing " on the sea-board." 



Bcrrya ammonilla of Burmah. A Tiliaceous tree, its light strong timber valued from early 

 times, — and known in commerce as Trincomalee wood: growing according to Heifer on Kind's 

 Island, opposite Mergui (Mason v. 537). Westward, is described by Roxburgh. 



Vatica koung-mu of Burmah. The largest Dipterocarpous tree in the country, from early times 

 used for making large boats, — but yielding " no oil," and " its places of growth are usually of difficult 

 access by water ; " according to O'Riley, the wood is also " well adapted for spars for vessels " (Mason 

 v. 528 to 757). 



Aglaia spectabilis of Burmah. An Aurantiaceous tree, its light serviceable timber known from 

 early times : — observed by McClelland (Mason v. 539). 



