278 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



P. Thomas de Berlangas to the West Indies (Ovied. p. 112, and A. Dec), and rapidly extending 

 among colonists and natives, was soon cultivated throughout Tropical America. 



442 B. C. = " a year after the" Second Budhist council (Mason iii. 39), founding of the city of 

 Prome in Burmah by king Dwattabong.* 



"441 B. C." (Blair), the tcshido and other engines of war, invented by Artemones. 



" In this year" (Sm. b. d.), at Athens, the first prize for tragedy gained for the first time by 

 Euripides. 



Palinnts aculeatus of the Mediterranean countries. Called in Italy " marruca" or " marruca 

 nera" or " paliuro " (Lenz), in Greece "paliouri" (Sibth.); in which we recognize the pAAIOYPOS 

 of Euripides, — Agathocles, Diphilus Siphnius, Theophrastus, Theocritus, Strabo, and Athenaeus 

 xiv. 62, described by Dioscorides as a well-known thorny shrub : P. aculeatus was observed by 

 Forskal, Sibthorp, Chaubard, and Fraas, one of the most frequent shrubs from the Peloponnesus to 

 the Dardanelles ; is known to grow also around Caucasus (Pall. fl. Ross. ii. pi. 64) ; and was observed 

 by Hasselquist near Jaffa in Palestine. Westward, the " paliurus " is mentioned by Virgil, and 



* Bombax (Salmalia) insigne of Burmah. A red-flowered silk-cotton tree resembling the first 

 species, from early times furnishing down for stuffing mattresses and pillows : — observed by Wallich, 

 and Mason v. 487 to 520. 



Grewia? sp. of Burmah. A tree called " phet-won " (Mason), its wood red-coloured and from 

 early times used for spear-handles, ploughs, and sawn for building : — observed by Berdmore 

 (Mason v. 537). 



Dipterocarpus grandiftorus of Burmah. A tree called " en " (Mason), and from early times its 

 timber valued and gum used for torches : — observed by Wallich, and Mason v. 493 to 52S. 



Murrava may-kay of Burmah. An Aurantiaceous tree called " may-kay " (Mason) , and its strong 

 tough wood box-like in grain, known from early times : — observed by Wallich, and Mason v. 534, 

 indigenous in Tavoy. 



Sophora robusta of Burmah. A Leguminous tree called " theet-wa-gyee " (Mason), its timber 

 known from early times : — ■ observed by McClelland in Pegu (Mason v. 532). 



Syzygium and Acmena sp. of Burmah. Woody Myrtaceous plants, more than a dozen species 

 classed under the general name "tha-byae" (Mason), all affording a small timber used from early 

 times : — observed by Mason v. 533. 



Careya sphtzriia of Burmah. A Gustavioid tree — observed there by Falconer. Regarded by 

 Mason v. 534 to 746 as perhaps the " ban-bwae " that " furnishes a useful timber for house building." 



Lagerstroemia glomerata of Burmah. A tall straight Lythraceous tree called "theet-phyu" 

 (Mason), its compact close-grained wood known from early times : — observed by Mason v. 538. 



Lagerstroemia kha-moung-phyu of Burmah. Its name signifying white jarool, and its timber 

 used from early times, — though considered inferior to the red kind : observed by Mason v. 538 in 

 Tavoy. 



Nauclea ? sp. of Burmah. A Cinchonaceous tree called " theet-pa-young " wax-wood (Mason), 

 its wood having the colour of bees-wax, and though not durable, straight-grained and from early 

 times used for house-posts : — observed by Berdmore (Mason v. 538). 



Millinotonia (Meliosma) simplicifolia of Burmah. A Bignoniaceous tree, its timber from early 

 times valued from its weight and strength : — observed by McClelland, and Mason v. 535, common 

 at Toungoo : known also to Roxburgh. 



Vitex arboreaoi Tropical Hindustan and Burmah. A small Verbenaceous tree called by the 

 Burmese " htouk-sha " (Mason), and from early times used to make wooden bells : — observed by 

 Mason v. 526 " very common at Maulmain." Westward, is known to grow as far as Hindustan 

 (Drur.), its wood according to Roxburgh becoming when old chocolate-coloured, very hard and 

 durable. 



Laurus nitida of Burmah. A tree from early times furnishing the solitary post, to which 

 Termites or white ants will confine themselves in Tavoy houses, in preference to all other kinds of 

 timber : — observed by Mason v. 542. 



Laurus kyai-zai of Burmah. A tree, its hard wood from early times used in carpentry : — 

 observed by Mason v. 542 in Tavoy. 



Laurus (Sassafras) hman-then of Burmah. A tree even in odour resembling the sassafras, and 

 from early times its wood used in carpentry : — observed by Mason v. 542. 



Myristica amygdalina and AT. Spharocarpa of Burmah Two species of wild nut ma; — observed 

 there by Wallich. In Southern Burmah, Mason v. 543 met with one or two Myristica trees, their 

 fruit having " none of the aroma of a nutmeg," but the timber " large " and " used by the natives in 

 house carpentry." 



