3<DO CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



Calophyllum inophyllum of wooded Tropical shores from Madagascar to the Taheitian Islands. 

 A seaside tree called in Hindustanee " sultan-champa," in Tamil "pinnay," in Telinga "ponna" 

 (Drur.), in the environs of Bombay "poona" (Graham), in Burmah "phung-nyet" (Mason), in 

 Tagalo " tamauian " or " dincalin " or " dancalan," in Camarines "dancalan," in Bisaya "dancalan" 

 or " bitoag," in Pampango and Ylocano "bitoag" (Blanco), on Taheiti "tomanu" (Bertero) ; and 

 known to the first colonists of the Feejeean and Polynesian islands : * — observed by myself on 

 the Feejeean, Tongan, Samoan, and Taheitian Islands as far as Metia ; by Rich on the Tarawan 

 coral-islands; by Blanco, on the Philippines, its resin highly esteemed and called " balsamo de 

 Maria," and oil from its nut occasionally used for illuminating; is described also by Rumphius ii. 

 pi. 71 ; is termed "balsamaria " by Loureiro, as seen by him in A nam ; was observed by Horsfield 

 on Java, regarded as diuretic ; by Mason v. 411 to 751 "exotic " in Burmah, planted near Budhist 

 monasteries; by Rheede iv. pi. 38, in Malabar; by Graham, common in "sandy soil near the sea" 

 as far as Bombay ; by Roxburgh, Wight, and Drury, as far as Travancore and Ceylon, its oil em- 

 ployed medicinally by the natives and for burning in lamps. Farther West, was observed in 1661 

 by Flacourt 130 on Madagascar (Spreng.) ; and according to Lamarck enc, grows also on the Isle 

 of Bourbon. From transported specimens, is. described by Plukenet aim. pi. 147. (See C. calaba). 



Canavalia obtusifolia of Tropical shores. A kind of sword-bean called in Tagalo "pataning 

 dagat " from growing on the seashore (Blanco) ; and doubtless known to the first colonists of the 

 Feejeean and Polynesian islands : — observed by myself on the Hawaiian, Samoan, Tongan, and 

 Feejeean Islands, and on the Mangsi coral-islets near Borneo ; by Blanco, frequent on the Philip- 

 pines, but not put to any use by the natives ; was received by Decaisne from Timor (A. Dec.) ; was 

 observed by Mason v. 468, " growing in great profusion " along " the sea shore " of Burmah ; 

 by Roxburgh, Wight, and Drury, from the mouth of the Godavery " common on the sea-shore ; " by 

 Rheede viii. pi. 43, in Malabar; by Graham, in "the Concans " to and beyond Bombay; and by 

 Bojer 108, on the Mauritius Islands. Farther West, is known to grow along the Atlantic in Equa- 

 torial Africa (fl. Nigr. 307) and the West Indies (Pers., and A Dec). Transported to Europe, 

 is described by Plukenet pi. 51. 



* Brugneira gymriorhiza of muddy Tropical shores from Hindustan to the Samoan Islands. A 

 mangrove or salt-water arborescent shrub, known of course to the first colonists of the Feejeean 

 Islands: — observed there by myself, abounding in muddy places within tide-water, in times of 

 scarcity its fruit eaten by the natives, observed also as far as the Samoan Islands ; by Rumphius 

 iii. pi. 68, and Blume, in the Malayan archipelago, its fruit leaves and bark eaten by the natives 

 (Pers.); by Mason v. 515 to 541, the most abundant mangrove in Burmah, affording "hard and 

 durable timber" and bark abounding in " tannic acid ; " by Rheede vi. pi. 31 and 32, in Malabar ; by 

 Roxburgh, and Wight, in other parts of Flindustan ; and by Graham, as far as Bombay. 



Mussanda frondosa of Tropical Eastern Asia and the neighbouring islands as far as the Samoan. 

 A large shrub called in the environs of Bombay " sarwud " or "lanchout" or "bhootcase" (Graham), 

 in Malabar " belilla " (Rheede, and Drur. p. 500), in the environs of Canton "kaulimang" (Osbeck), 

 in Ylocano "balailamoc," in Tagalo "tingatinga" (Blanco), and clearly known to the first colonists 

 of the Feejeean Islands: — observed there by myself, frequent and to all appearance indigenous, 

 as also on the shores of the Samoan Islands. Westward, is described by Rumphius iv. pi. 51 ; was 

 observed by Blanco on the Philippines, by myself, a single stock growing by the roadside in Interior 

 Luzon ; by Osbeck, " near the shore " in the environs of Canton, by James Read also near Canton 

 and specimens shown me; by Burmann pi. 46, on Ceylon ; by Rheede ii.pl. 18, in Malabar ; by Rox- 

 burgh, and Wight, in other parts of Hindustan; by Graham 86 to 95, as far as Bombay, " in gar- 

 dens " and '• common on the Ghauts," used by the natives "as a charm to drive away daemons" 

 and its " strange looking white calycine leaves " eaten, seen by myself only in the Botanic garden. 



Justicia {Hypoestis) purpurea of Tropical China. Called in the environs of Canton "happ- 

 key-lee" (Osb.), and carried to the Feejeean Islands possibly by the first colonists : — observed by 

 myself naturalized there and also cultivated for ornament by the natives, on the Samoan Islands 

 only around native dwellings. Westward, is described by Rumphius vi. pi. 22; is attributed to 

 China by Persoon ; and was observed by Osbeck near Canton, planted on the graves of Europeans. 

 Transported to Europe, is described by Vahl symb. ii. 13 (Pers.), and continues in greenhouses 

 (Brackenridge). 



Codiavm variegatum of Tropical Eastern Asia. A shrub with laurel-like variegated leaves 

 called in Malabar " tsjera-maram " (Rheede), in Tagalo " saguilala," in Bisaya " calipayang " (Blanco); 

 carried to the Feejeean Islands, and possibly by the first colonists: — observed there by myself, 

 planted for ornament by the natives, one variety having long narrow leaves incised at intervals to the 

 midrib ; the usual broad-leaved variety planted also on Tongatabu and the Samoan Islands. West- 



