416 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



are mentioned in traditionary Hawaiian songs among the places visited by voyagers (Ellis tour 287 

 to 313, and Hale ethnog. expl. exp. 129). Of the "sixty-seven generations" of Hawaiian kings, the 

 names of the last forty-five kings are regarded by Hale as authentic. 



Evidence is also found in the names of accompanying plants, Jambosa Malaccensis being called 

 on Taheiti "ahii," on the Hawaiian Islands "ohia," but on the intermediate Nukahivanor Marquesas 

 Islands "kahika' (Hale), clearly from having been brought from Taheiti. 



In like manner, Colocasia macrorhiza on the Hawaiian Islands has preserved its Taheitian and 

 Samoan name " ape," but is called " kape " on the Nukahivan and Rarotongan Islands, and " kabe " 

 (Hale) on Tongatabu.* 



Tacca pinnatiftda of wooded Tropical shores from East Africa throughout the Malayan archi- 

 pelago. The East Indian arrow-root is called in Telinga " cunda," in Tamil " carachunay," and 

 its root in Travancore " chanay kalungoo " (Drur.), in Burmah "touk-ta" (Mason), in Ylocano 

 "panarien" and its farina "gaogao" (Blanco), on Tongatabu "mahoa," on the Samoan Islands 

 "masoa," on the Rarotongan Taheitian and Nukahivan Islands l 'pia," a name continued on the 

 Hawaiian Islands — (Hale) : was observed by myself seemingly indigenous on the Hawaiian Tahei- 

 tian Tongan and Feejeean Islands, but unknown on secluded coral-islands, and by the Samoans 

 regularly cultivated ; is termed "tacca littorea" by Rumphius v. pi 114; was observed by Blanco 

 frequent in Ilocos and Zambales on the Philippines; by myself, apparently indigenous on the Mangsi 

 coral-islets; by Mason v. 106, "indigenous" in Burmah, "abounding along the sea shore the 

 islands and especially at Mergui," where a "kind of arrow root has long been made" from its 

 tuberous roots ; by Ainslie, Roxburgh, and Drury, in Hindustan as far as Travancore; by Nimmo, 

 and Graham, '■ throughout the Concans" to and beyond Bombay; by myself, to all appearance wild 

 on Zanzibar. 



Dioscorca bulbifera of Tropical Eastern Asia. A climbing herbaceous vine called on Madagascar 

 " voua-couviki " (Boj.), in the environs of Bombay " caroo carunda" (Graham), in .Malabar " katu- 

 katsjil " (Drur.) ; on Taheiti " hoi " (Bertero), a name retained on the Hawaiian Islands — (Gaud.) : 

 observed by myself abounding in neglected clearings on Metia, Taheiti, the Samoan and Tongan 

 Islands, its root not considered edible. Westward, " kurenga " yam in Feejeean (Hale) and " kuri " 

 yam on Tobi (between Gilolo and the Pelew Islands) maybe compared with "kuri" in Rarotongan 

 and Mangarevan and "kiri " in Tarawan, names for dog : D. bulbifera is termed " ubium pomiferum " 

 by Rumphius v. pi. 124. was observed by him, and Blume 20, seemingly wild in the Malayan archi- 

 pelago (A. Dec.) ; grows wild in Nepal and Silhet (Kunth) ; was observed by Rheede vii. pi. 36 in 

 Malabar; by Graham, in "both Concans" to and beyond Bombay, its flowers and roots "eaten 

 by the poorer classes," the " very bitter " roots after "being covered over with ashes and steeped 



* Casuarina equisetifolia of the Moluccas and neighbouring islands as far as the Feejeean: A 

 pine-like tree called in Tagalo and Pampango "agoho," in Bisaya " agoho " or "malabohoc," in 

 Ylocano " agoo " or " aro " or " caro " (Blanco), on Taheiti "aito" (Bertero) or " toa," on the Mar- 

 quesas Samoan and Tongan Islands "toa" (Hale), and on the Hawaiian Islands in the absence of 

 the tree the name "toa" is continued, perhaps from imported war-clubs: — C. equisetifolia was 

 observed by myself naturalized and forming groves on the Taheitian and Samoan Islands, under 

 cultivation on Tongatabu, to all appearance indigenous on the Feejeean Islands, and a single 

 planted tree on the Mangsi coral-islets North of Borneo ; by Blanco, frequent in Ilocos and other 

 localities on the Philippines; is described also by Rumphius iii. pi. 57. By European colonists, 

 was carried to the Mauritius Islands (Boj.) ; to Brazil, observed by myself planted for ornament at 

 Rio Janeiro. 



Dioscorca pentaphylla of Tropical Eastern Asia. A kidncy-rootcd yam called in the environs 

 of Bombay " oolsee " or " shendorvail-chand " (Graham), in Malabar " nureni-kelangu," in Bengalee 

 "kanta-aloo" (Drur), in Tagalo "limaiima" (Blanco), on the Feejeean Islands " kawai " (C. P., 

 compare "kywre" the Burman name of D. daemona) ; on the Hawaiian Islands "pia" (C. P.), and 

 carried there possibly by the first colonists : —observed by myself, often in wild situations, and its 

 root said to be eaten in times of scarcity, naturalized also on the Taheitian and Samoan Islands, but 

 on the Feejeean sometimes cultivated. Westward, by Rumphius v. pi. 127 abundantly cultivated on 

 Amboyna, and by him, and Blume, "wild" in other parts of the Malayan archipelago (A. Dec.) ; by 

 Blanco, common in Malinta and Bisayas on the Philippines, its root eaten by the natives ; by Rheede 

 vii. pi. 35, in Malabar; by Davies, and Graham, "common in the Ghauts and in both Concans" to 

 and beyond Bombay, its male flowers "sold in the bazar and eaten," together with its laro-e tubers 

 which are "dug up in November; " by Roxburgh, in other parts of Hindustan, never cultivated so 

 far as observed by Wight, though Drury "always found the natives dig the tubers whenever they 

 had an opportunity to dress and eat them." (See D. aculeata). 



