OF ACCOMPANYING ANIMALS AND PLANTS. 



477 



In or about 30 A. D. (Acts viii. 1, and ix. 19), martyrdom of Stephen ; and the disciples, " except 

 the apostles," scattered abroad "as far as Phenice, and Cyprus, and Antioch." . 



"31 A. D." (Sueton., Dio, and Clint.), disgrace and death of Sejanus, prefect of the praetorian 

 guard and consul for this year. A comet visible at the time, witnessed by L. Seneca nat. qu. i. 1 

 (Clint, iv. p. 45). 



In or about 32 A. D. (see Acts viii. 5 to 25), the gospel extended to Samaria by Philip the 

 evangelist; Simon Magus being among those baptised. — Simon afterwards ("35 to 65" Clint, iv. 

 p. 123) founded the Sect of Simonians ; and is regarded by Tertullian haer. 46, as the first heretical 

 Christian. 



By Philip also (Acts viii. 27 to 39), conversion and baptism of "a man of Ethiopia, an eunuch 

 of great authority under Candace queen of the Ethiopians, who had the charge of all her treasures : " 

 and who was at least inclining to the Jewish faith, having " come to Jerusalem for to worship, was 

 returning, and sitting in his chariot read Esaias the prophet." — Reasons have been found for 

 suspecting, that the Nubian or Ethiopian kings "adopted both Christ and Jupiter among the gods" 

 (Leps. eg. and sin. p. 210). 



A Roman inscription at Naga in Upper Nubia: and at or near Meroe, a "temple of superior 

 workmanship " perhaps built by Roman artisans, but is devoid of inscriptions (Leps. eg. and sin. 

 p. 155 and 210). 



33 A. D. (=36 — "3 years" of Galat. i. 18), conversion of Saul or Paul, on his way to 

 Damascus. 



Vinca minor of Europe and the adjoining portion of Asia. Called in Britain periwinkle, in 

 medieval Latin " pervincula " (Prior), in Italy " pervinca " (Lenz), in Greece "agrioliza:" the 

 KAHMATIC mentioned confusedly by Pamphilus — (according to Galen simpl. vii. 31), identified 

 by Dioscorides with the " philgtairion " or " thaphnoSithSs " or " mursino8ith£s " or " polugonoSithfis," 

 having shoots as large as " shoinou " and laurel-like leaves but much smaller, is referred here by 

 writers : V. minor was observed by Sibthorp, Chaubard, and Fraas, in the Peloponnesus. West- 

 ward, seems at least included in the "vincapervinca" of Pliny xxi. 39, and Apuleius 58: is called 

 in Slavonic and Saxon by names turning on the syllable "vink," but totally different Welsh names 

 are given by Davies (A. Dec); is described by Brunfels (Spreng.), and Wigand ; is termed "per- 

 vinca vulgaris anguslifolia flore casruleo " by Tournefort inst. 120; is known to grow wild in Italy 

 and throughout middle Europe, but is regarded by Watson as exotic in Britain and only naturalized 

 (Pers., A. Dec, and Lenz). By European colonists, was carried to Northeast America, where it 

 continues under cultivation for ornament. (See V. major.) 



One hundred and thirtieth generation. A. D. 34, May 1st, mostly beyond youth : the Greek 

 philosopher Demetrius the cynic ; the historian Pamphila ; the grammarians, Pamphilus, Heracleides 

 of Pontus the younger: the Latin writers, the poets Lucanus, and Persius ; the orator Domitius 

 Afer; the grammarians Palaemon Vicentinus, Probus of Berytus ; the rhetors Clodius Quirinalis, 

 Statius Ursulus ; the commentator Asconius Pedianus ; the Roman painters, Amulius, Turpilius, and 

 Antisteus Labeo (Bryan). 



"In this year" (Abyss, chron., and C. Mull. p. xcvii), Za-Senatu succeeded by Za-Les, now 

 king of Abyssinia. — He reigned "ten " years. 



"35 A. D." (Sm. b. d.), C. Cestius Gallus Camerinus, and the historian and orator M. Servilius 

 Nonianus, consuls for this year. Considia, daughter of the consul M. Servilius, was healed by the 

 physician Damocrates — (Plin. xxiv. 28). 



Lcpidium iberis of Western Europe. The K A PA AM A N T I K H growing according to Servilius 

 Damocrates in waste places, a cubit high with root and leaves like KAPAAMUU and white flowers, 

 discovered and named by him I B H P I C — (Pliny xxv. 49), is referred here by writers : L. iberis is 

 described by Lobel pi. 223 ; was observed by Forskal near Marseilles, and is known to grow along 

 roadsides in other parts of France and in Germany (Roth, Lam. fl. fr., and Pers.). 



Lepidium graminifolium of the Mediterranean countries. Possibly included in the " iveris " by 

 Damocrates, — being apparently the "iveris" known to the Greeks, and mentioned in the addition to 

 Dioscorides: L. graminifolium is described by Bauhin hist. ii. pi. 918 (Pers.); is termed " thlaspi 

 lusitanicum umbellatum gramineo folio flore albo " by Tournefort inst. 213 ; was observed by Forskal, 

 Sibthorp, and Chaubard, in waste ground throughout Greece from the Peloponnesus to Constanti- 

 nople ; and is known to occur throughout Southern Europe (Pollich, and Pers.). 



leucrium marum of the West Mediterranean countries. Called in Germany "katzenkraut," in 

 Italy "maro" (Lenz); and the MA PON of Damocrates — maybe compared: " maron " inferior in 

 quality to the Lydian was produced in Egypt in the days of Pliny xii. 53 : " maru species sclarea; " was 

 found by Alpinus employed there medicinally; and "marum" seeds, by Forskal; but according to 

 Clot-Bey, the living T. marum has only recently been introduced. Farther North, was observed by 

 Gittard in mountainous situations on Amorgos (Chaub.), but in Greece and Italy according to Lenz 



