OF ACCOMPANYING ANIMALS AND PLANTS. 



521 



Sibthorp, and Chaubard, frequent from the Peloponnesus throughout Greece and the Greek islands. 

 By European colonists, was carried to Northeast America, where it has become naturalized, recurring 

 in " waste places and road-sides" (Chapm.) from Virginia to Georgia, and found by Nuttall already 

 in Arkansas. 



Cantharellus cibarius of Europe. The FV N G I - FAG I N E I of Apicius, — are referred by Dier- 

 bach to this edible mushroom. 



116 A. D. (= 137 — " 22d year of reign" in the Mahavamsa xxxv.), Sandigamonal succeeded 

 by his son Gayabahoo, now king of Ceylon.* 



* Cocculus (Tiliacord) acuminatus of Tropical Hindustan and Burmah. Woody and twining 

 to a great extent, called in Bengalee " tiliakora," in Telinga " tiga-mushadee," in Hindustanee " baga- 

 mushada" (Lindl.) or "baga-luta" (Drur.) ; and from early times rubbed between two stones and 

 mixed with water as an antidote to snake-bites: — observed by Rheede vii pi. 3 in Malabar ; by 

 Nimmo, in " the Concans " as far as Bombay (Graham) ; by Colebrooke, and Roxburgh, among 

 hedges and bushes from Coromandel to Bengal ; by Mason, indigenous in Burmah. 



Menispermum (Cosciniuiii) fenestratum of Ceylon and Southern Hindustan. A stout woody 

 climber called in Cingalese "womivol" or "venivel" or " bangwelgetta " (Lindl.), in Tamil "mara 

 munjel," in Telinga " mani-pussupoo " (Drur.) ; and from early times in Ceylon, the water in which 

 the sliced root has been steeped drank as a stomachic: — observed by Ainslie, and Roxburgh, as 

 far as the Aurungole Pass and Courtallum, its root brought from the mountains and sold in the 

 bazaars, and according to Drury its bitter deep yellow wood has given rise to the name of tree tur- 

 meric. From transported specimens, described by Gaertner i pi. 46. 



Menispermum (Cfypea) Burmanni of Tropical Hindustan. A climbing herbaceous plant called 

 in the environs of Bombay "pakur" (Graham); and from early times its extremely bitter root 

 employed medicinally in dysentery, intermittent fevers, and liver complaints : — observed by Rheede 

 vii. pi. 49 in Malabar; by Graham, on "the Ghauts" and "hilly parts of the Concan, not very 

 common;" by Roxburgh, and Wight, in Coromandel (Lindl.) ; and by Burmann pi. 101, on Ceylon. 

 From transported specimens, is described by Lamarck, and Gaertner ii. pi. 180. 



Kydia calycina of Tropical Hindustan and Burmah. A Sterculioid tree called in Telinga "pan- 

 dikee," in Hindustanee "choupultea" (Lindl.), in the environs of Bombay " waning " or " warungud " 

 (Graham) ; and its mucilaginous bark used from early times as sudorific and in cutaneous diseases : 

 — observed by Graham in the " Kennery forests" and "along the Ghauts, pretty common;" by 

 Roxburgh, and Wight, from Mysore and the slopes of the Neilgherries to the Circar mountains 

 and Nepal (Lindl., and Drur.), the bark in the Northern provinces according to Royle used to 

 clarify sugar. Farther East according to Mason v. 537 growing in Burmah and called "boke-may- 

 za," the saplings found by McClelland "used for their great strength and elasticity for making 

 banghy sticks." 



Bergera Koenigii of Tropical Hindustan. A small Aurantiaceous tree called in Bengalee "bur- 

 sunga," in Telinga "kari-vepa," in Tamil " kamwepila " (Lindl.) or "carroova-pillay," in Hindustanee 

 "karay-paak" (Drur.), in the environs of Bombay " koodia neem" (Graham) ; and from early times, 

 its hard and durable wood used for implements of husbandry, limbolee oil procured from its seeds, 

 and its dried aromatic leaves sold in the bazaars to be put in curries : — observed by Rheede iv. pi. 

 S3 in Malabar ; by Roxburgh, on the Circar mountains ; by Ainslie, and Wight, in other parts of 

 Hindustan ; by Graham, in "gardens Bombay," but " B. integerrima" common " on the Ghauts " and 

 also called " koodia neem," perhaps the same species " in its wild state." 



Calophyllum calaba of Western Hindustan. A handsome tree with cuneate obovate leaves 

 called in Tamil " cheroo-pinnay," in Malabar " tsirou-panna " (Drur.); and from early times its 

 fruit eaten, and pootunjee oil for lamps expressed from it : — observed by Rheede iv. pi. 39 in Mala- 

 bar ; by Nimmo, in " S. Concan " (Graham), nearly as far as Bombay ; by Wight, and Drury, as far 

 as Travancore ; and by Burmann pi. 60 (Pers.), on Ceylon. 



Schmidelia serrata of Tropical Hindustan. A large straggling Sapindaceous shrub called in 

 Telinga "taualikce," in Hindustanee "rakhal-phul" (Drur.), in the environs of Bombay "teepin " 

 or " mendrie " (Graham) ; and from early times, its ripe berries eaten and its astringent root employed 

 medicinally in diarrhoea : — observed by Rheede v. pi. 25 in Malabar ; by Graham, " on the Ghauts " 

 as far as Bombay, and found by Murray " very common at Mahableshwur ; " by Roxburgh, and Wight, 

 as far as Coromandel and Bengal (Lindl., and Drur.) ; and is termed "rhus cobbe " by Linnaeus as 

 received from Ceylon (Pers.). 



Schleichera tnjuga of Tropical Hindustan and Burmah. A pinnate-leaved Sapindaceous tree 

 fifty feet high and called in Telinga "may" or "koatangha," in Tamil "zolim-buriki " (Lindl.) or 

 "poo-marum," in Malabar "poovum" (Drur.), in the environs of Bombay "koosimb" or "koosum" 



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