522 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



Cissus setosa of Tropical Hindustan. A climbing herbaceous vine called in Telinga " barubut- 

 sali " (Lindl.) ; and from early times its leaves toasted and oiled to bring indolent tumours to sup- 

 puration : — observed by Roxburgh, and Wight, from Mysore to Rajahmundry and Bengal, in forests 



(Graham) ; and from early times, its bark used to cure itch, its fruit eaten, and lamp oil expressed 

 from the seeds: — is termed '■ cussambium spinosum" by Rumphius i. pi. 57; was observed by 

 Graham in the " Kennery forests" near Bombay, and "on the Ghauts pretty common;" by Bu- 

 chanan, Roxburgh, Wight, and Drury, from Malabar and Travancore to Coromandel. Farther 

 East, by Berdmore, and Mason v. 35, in Burmah, called "kyo" and abounding "in Shwaygyen," 

 used "for pestles of mortars and axles of wheels," and considered by McClelland "a most valuable 

 timber." 



Xanthoxylon rhetsa of Southern Hindustan. A large tree armed with prickles and called in 

 the environs of Bombay " teesul " or "cochlee" (Graham), in Malabar '• moolleela," in Telinga 

 "rhetsa maun " (Drur.) from the hill people being accustomed to assemble in the shade in "rhetsa" 

 committee to examine and determine public affairs : — X. rhetsa was observed by Rheede v. pi. 34 

 under cultivation in Malabar and the seeds used as a condiment ; by Graham, as far as Bombay, 

 "Parr village" and other localities near dwellings enumerated; by Roxburgh, and Wight, on the 

 Coromandel mountains, its aromatic bark put in food as a condiment, and its seeds used as a. sub- 

 stitute for pepper (Drur.). 



Gomphia angustifolia of Tropical Hindustan. An Ochnaceous shrub, its bitter root and leaves 

 from early times in Malabar employed as tonic stomachic and anti-emetic : — observed in Malabar by 

 Rheede v. pi. 48 and 52 ; by Nimmo, in " S. Concan " (Graham), nearly as far as Bombay; by 

 Wight, in other parts of the peninsula. 



Elaeodendron Roxburghii of Tropical Hindustan. A Celastroid shrub or small tree called in 

 Telinga "neerija" (Lindl.) ; and from early times its fresh astringent bark applied by the natives to 

 almost every sort of swelling: — observed by Gibson, and Graham, in the Bombay district, on the 

 " Sattara and Kamatkee ghauts " and " about Hurrychunderjee ; " by Roxburgh, and Wight, from the 

 mountains of Coromandel to Courtallum (Drur ). 



Bridelia spinosa of Tropical Hindustan. A Euphorbiaceous tree of thirty to forty feet high, 

 called in Telinga " kora man " (Lindl.), in Tamil " moolloo-vengay," in Malabar " mooloo-vangay " 

 (Drur.), in the environs of Bombay "asanna " (Graham) ; and known from early times, cattle being 

 fond of the leaves, said to free them from intestinal worms : — was observed by Nimmo, and Gra- 

 ham, " common on Elephanta and the Ghauts," the " trunk and larger branches armed with strong 

 thorns ; " by Roxburgh, Wight, and Drury, as far as Travancore, the Circar mountains, Bengal, and 

 Assam, its dark-coloured wood hard and durable, and the bark strongly astringent. " B. montana," 

 growing "on the Ghauts" and also called "asanna," a "tree exactly like the last but without 

 thorns," having "red coloured and very hard wood," is regarded by Graham as probably "a mere 

 variety." 



Cluytiii {Lebidieropsis) collina of Tropical Hindustan. A Euphorbiaceous tree called in Te- 

 linga "kadishen" (Lindl.) or "wodisha," in Tamil " wodagu marum" (Drur.) ; and from earlv times 

 the rind of its capsules reputed to be exceedingly poisonous : — observed by Roxburgh, Walli'ch, and 

 Drury, from the Concans to the Circar mountains and Orissa, its wood " very hard and durable, 

 much used in Rajahmandry and the Northern Circars. 



Croton (Baliospermum) polyandntm of Tropical Hindustan. A bushy undershrub called in 

 Telinga " konda-amadum," in Hindustanee "hakoon" (Lindl.); and its seeds taken from early times 

 as a good purgative : — observed by Roxburgh, Wight, Stewart, and Drury, from the Punjaub to 

 Malabar, the Circar mountains and Bengal, its seeds probably furnishing " the greater part of the 

 jumalgota of the drug-sellers," " East of the Sutlej its leaves are in high repute for wounds, and its 

 sap is believed to corrode iron." Farther East, was observed by Mason v. 492 " exotic" in Burmah 

 and called " tha-dee-wa," cultivated by the natives, its seeds " a strong purgative." 



Holigarna longifolia of Tropical Hindustan and Burmah. A large Terebinthoid tree called 

 in Malabar "cattu tsjeru " (Drur.), in the environs of Bombay " biboo " (Graham); and from early 

 times a varnish extracted from the trunk, and small boats made of the timber: —observed by Rheede 

 iv. pi. 9 on the mountains of Malabar ; by Graham, on " the hilly wooded parts of the Concan as far 

 as Bombay ; by Roxburgh cor., and Wight, from Travancore to Chittagong, the juice of the fruit 

 according to Don used by painters, also for fixing indelible colours figured on linen cloths (Drur.). 

 Farther East, was observed by Mason v. 514 in Burmah, "another black varnish tree in the forests," 

 and "on the other coast, where the tree grows, its exudation is used by the natives to varnish shields, 

 and for other purposes." 



Semcccupus cuncifolium of Tropical Hindustan. An allied tree also called " biboo " in the 



