OF ACCOMPANYING ANIMALS AND PLANTS. 523 



and hedges, "every part of the plant exceedingly acrid " (Lindl., and Drur.). Westward, fragments 

 of a caustic herbaceous Cissus were observed by myself in a hedge on Zanzibar. 



Toddalia aculeata of Tropical Hindustan. A thorny Xanthoxyloid shrub called in Telinga 



environs of Bombay, being indistinguishable from the last except by the fruit, — observed by Gra- 

 ham at '' Kandalla " and in " jungles about Parr ; " by Roxburgh fl. ii. 86, in other parts of Hindustan. 



Ormocarpum sennoides of Tropical Hindustan. A Leguminous plant called in Telinga "nail 

 kashina" (Lindl.); and from early times its tonic and stimulant root employed medicinally: — 

 observed by Roxburgh, and Wight, in peninsular Hindustan, in forests hedges and uncultivated 

 lands. 



Acacia leucophloea of Southern Hindustan. A thorny tree called in Telinga " tella-tooma " 

 (Lindl.), in Tamil "vel-vel" or " vel-veylam," in Malabar " vel-veylam," in Bengalee " suphaid-babul," 

 in Hindustanee " sufed-kikar " (Drur.) ; and from early times, the tough and strong fibres of its bark 

 made into large fishing-nets and coarse cordage : — observed by Law, and Graham, " common in 

 some parts of the Southern Mahratta country, and in the Sholapore districts between the Bheema 

 and Krishna, a spirituous liquor is distilled from the bark, and in some places the trees are farmed on 

 account of government ; " by Roxburgh, and Wight, in woods and on hills on the Coromandel coast, 

 its timber "hard and dark-coloured," the natives mixing the bark "with palm-wine and sugar" to 

 obtain the ardent spirit (Drur.). 



Ammania vesicatoria of Hindustan and Burmah. An erect annual having a strong muriatic 

 smell and called in Telinga "aghun drapakoo," in Bengalee "daud-maree" (Lindl.), in Hindustanee 

 "dad-mari," in Tamil "miumel-neruppa " or "kallurivi," in Malabar " kallar-vanchi " (Drur.); and 

 from early times, its exceedingly acrid leaves used by the natives for raising blisters : — observed by 

 Graham "common in moist places " around Bombay "towards the close of the rains;" by Ainslie, 

 Roxburgh, Fleming, and Wight, as far as Bengal, common in cultivated ground (Lindl.). Farther 

 East, by Mason in Burmah, enumerated as indigenous. Transported to Europe, is described by 

 Plukenet aim. pi. 136. 



Luffa amara of Tropical Hindustan. A climbing Cucurbitaceous vine called in Telinga " sheti 

 beera " (Lindl.) or " sendu-beer-kai," in Hindustanee " kerula," in Bengalee " tito-dhoondhool " 

 (Drur.) ; and from early times, juice of the roasted young fruit applied to the temples to cure head- 

 ache, and the seeds taken as emeto-cathartic : — observed by Nimmo, and Graham, "wild about 

 Bombay in the rains, and throughout the Concans ; " by Roxburgh, and Wight, as far as Bengal, in 

 dry uncultivated places (Lindl.). Transported to Europe, is termed " cucumis indicus " by Plu- 

 kenet pi. 172. 



Bryonia rostrata of Southern Hindustan. A slender climbing Cucurbitaceous vine called in 

 Tamil " appakovay " (Drur.) ; and from early times, its leaves eaten as greens, and its sweet mucila- 

 ginous root employed medicinally :— observed by Rottler act. berol. iv. 212 in Tranquebar; by 

 Nimmo, in "S. Concan " (Graham suppl), nearly as far as Bombay; by Ainslie, Roxburgh, and 

 Wight, in other parts of Southern Hindustan. 



Trichosanthes palmata of Tropical Hindustan and Burmah. A "Cucurbitaceous vine running 

 over the highest trees and called in Bengalee " mukhal," in Telinga " kadi-danda " (Lindl.) or 

 "abuva." in Tamil "ancoruthay" (Drur.), in the environs of Bombay "mukal" (Graham) ; and from 

 early times, its fruit regarded as poisonous but employed medicinally to cleanse offensive sores inside 

 the ears, and the stem and root much esteemed in diseases of cattle : — observed by Gibson, and 

 Graham, "in jungles in the Concans and on the Ghauts pretty common," and by Murray "at Maha- 

 bleshwu'r ; " by Ainslie, Roxburgh, and Wight, as far as Bengal ; by Mason, in Burmah. By Euro- 

 pean colonists, was carried to Austral Africa, where its fruit by pickling is rendered edible ; and to 

 the West Indies, used there for killing rats (Drur.). From transported specimens, is termed "mo- 

 decca bracteata " by Lamarck enc. meth. 



Bassia longifolia of Southern Hindustan and Burmah. A Sapotaceous tree called in Burmah 

 "kan-zau" (Mason), in Tamil " elloopa," in Malabar "elloopie," in Telinga "ippa," in Hindustanee 

 "mohe" (Drur.); and from early times, its flowers roasted and eaten, oil from its ripe fruit substi- 

 tuted for butter, used also for lamps and for making country soap, and the gummy juice of its bark 

 employed medicinally by the Vytians : — observed by Ainslie, Roxburgh, Hunter, and Drury, from 

 Malabar to the Circars and Coromandel, its timber " nearly as durable as teak ; " by Mason, " indige- 

 nous "in Southern Burmah, its oil mixed by the natives "with their food," employed besides for 

 various purposes, and its timber valued. From transported specimens, described by Linnaeus, and 

 Lamarck pi. 398. lllupie oil according to Drury is now imported into England for the manufacture 



of candles. 



Hoya viridiflora of Tropical Hindustan. A woody Asclepioid climber called in Bengalee "tita- 



