528 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



"In this year" (Clint.), after governing for some years the cities of Asia, the rhetor Herodes 

 Atticus consul at Rome ; Fronto being " consul suffectus " during two months. 



" 144 A. D." (Wathen soc. calcutt. iv. 480, Tod, and Elph. iv. 1), accession of Kanak Sena as king 

 at Ballabi in Guzerat. He came from Oud, and founded a new dynasty. 



Phvllanthus niruri of Tropical Asia. An erect branching small-leaved annual having a Sanscrit 

 name (Pidd.), and called in Malabar " kirganelli " (Rheede) or " kirjaneilie," in Tamil " kilanelly," in 

 Telingarf'neela-ooshireker" (Drur.) or " nella userekee," in Bengalee and Hindustanee " sada-hazur 

 munee " (Lindl.) ; and from early times used as diuretic, and for other medicinal purposes : * — observed 

 by Rheede x. pi. 15 in Malabar; by Graham, "a common weed in gardens and cultivated lands " 

 around Bombay ; by Burmann pi. 93, on Ceylon ; by Ainslie, aud Roxburgh, as far as Bengal ; by 

 Loureiro, in Anam (Steud.) ; and is described by Rumphius vi. pi. 17. Westward, was observed by 

 Grant " by dwellings 2° N." on the Upper Nile ; and is known to occur in Equatorial Africa as far as 

 the Atlantic (Benth. fl. nigr.). By European colonists, was carried to the Mauritius Islands (Boj. 

 i. 280) ; to Brazil, regarded there as a specific against diabetes (Mart.) ; to the West Indies, not 

 mentioned by the older writers (A. Dec), but at present occurring as far as the Pacific (Maycock, 

 Schlecht., and Benth. bot. Sulph.) ; to the environs of Marseilles, where it has been found growing 

 spontaneously (Castagne). 



" 145 A. D. = 'young-kia,' 1st year of Hiao-tchoung-ti " or Tchoung-ti, of the Han or Seventh 

 dynasty — (Chinese chron. table). 



" 146 A. D. = ' pen-tsou,' 1st year of Hiao-tchi-ti " or Tchi-ti, of the Han or Seventh dynasty — 

 (Chinese chron. table). 



"The same year" (inscript, Blair, and Clint.), introduction by Antoninus Pius of the worship of 

 Serapis into Rome ; and on " May 6th," the mysteries celebrated. The great sun-temple at Balbeck 

 in Syria was also built by Antoninus Pius (Lubke and Lutrow). 



In the "sandstone" quarry at Gertassee in Nubia, where stone was cut for the temple on Phils, 

 " about fifty-one " Greek inscriptions, " exvotos " in honour of Isis ; belonging to the reigns of Anto- 

 ninus Pius, — Marcus Aurelius, Severus, and Philippus (Wilk. theb. and eg. 478). 



About this time, " 136 to 150 A. D." (Clint.), the Christian treatise termed "Pastor" written in 

 Rome, by Hermas brother of Pius the bishop. 



" 147 A. D. = 'kien-ho,' 1st year of Hiao-hiouan-ti," or Hiouan-ti, of the Han or Seventh dynasty 

 (Chinese chron. table). " In his reign " (Pauth. 267), beginning of commercial intercourse with for- 

 eigners, through the port of Canton. 



" The same year " (Vict., and Clint.), celebration of the Nine hundredth anniversary of the building 

 of Rome. 



" T50 A. D." (Iren., and Clint.), Pius succeeded by Anicetus, tenth bishop of Rome. 



"The same year" (Tertull., and Clint.), the teaching of Marcion, founder of the Marcionite 

 sect. 



" 152 A. D." (Blair), persecution of Christians stopped by Antoninus Pius. 



"The same year" (Alst. p. 3S1, and Nicol.), the earliest ecclesiastical Council on record. Held 

 at Pergamus in Asia Minor, and the opinions of Colarbas condemned. 



* Phyllanthus urinaria of Tropical Hindustan. Distinguished from the last by its sessile flowers 

 and rough capsules, and called in Bengalee and Hindustanee •' hazar munee," in Telinga " yerra usere- 

 kee " (Lindl.); from early times, known as a powerful diuretic: — observed by Rheede x. pi. 16 in 

 Malabar; by Graham, "common in Bombay during the rains ; " by Ainslie, and Roxburgh, in other 

 parts of Hindustan ; and is termed "herba masroris rubra" by Rumphius vi. pi. 17. Transported to 

 Europe, is described by Plukenet aim. pi. 1X3. 



Phyllanthus simplex of Southern Hindustan. Called in Telinga " uchi userekee " (Lindl), and 

 from early times its fresli leaves bruised with buttermilk as a wash to the itch in children : — observed 

 by Retz v. 29 in Tranquebar ; described also by Roxburgh ; and according to Lindley, growing in 

 "dry cultivated ground in the East Indies." 



Oxystelma esculenta of Tropical Hindustan. The most beautiful of the Asclepias tribe, twining, 

 and called in Sanscrit "dooghdka," in Bengalee " doodhee " or "doodh-luta" or "kirui," in Telinga 

 " doodee-palla " (Lindl.) ; and from early times, used in decoction as a gargle in aphthous affections : — 

 known to grow in Malabar and on Ceylon (Pers.) ; by Graham, as far as Bombay, generally on certain 

 " almost leafless shrubs, where it shows " its " elegant blossoms to the best advantage," its own " leaves 

 deciduous in the cold season ; " by W. Jones, and Roxburgh, as far as Bengal ; by Wight, in other 

 parts of Hindustan, but he could not find that the natives eat it. Transported to Europe, is described 

 by Plukenet aim. pi. 359. 



