536 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



"221 A. D. — ' tchang-wou,' ist year of Tchao-lie-ti, of the Heou han " or Eighth dynasty — 

 (Chinese chron. table). 



"The same year" (Clint.), end of the chronicle of Julius Africanus. Through whose care and 

 intercession — (Euseb.) Emmaus in the following year was rebuilt under the new name of Nicopolis. 



" 222, March nth " (Dio, and Clint.), Elagahalus succeeded by Alexander Severus, twenty-fourth 

 Roman emperor. The name of Alexander Severus occurs in a Greek inscription at Antinoe in 



E S>' pt - , , - . 



"The same. year" (Euseb., and Clint.), end of the chronicle of Hippolytus : and beginning of 



"his Paschal Cycle of sixteen years." 



At this time (Blair), annual tribute received by the Goths, not to invade the Roman Empire. 



"223 A. D. = 'kian-king,' ist year of Heou-tchou" or Heou-ti, of the Heou han or Eighth 

 dynasty — (Chinese chron. table). 



"The same year" (Lamprid , and Clint ), the jurists Ulpianus and Florentinus among the coun- 

 sellors of Alexander Severus. 



" 226 A. D." (Hieronym., and Clint.), at Rome, building of the "baths of Alexander Severus." 



"The same year" (Clint., and Plate in Sm. b. d.), the Parthian king Artabanus defeated in the 

 plain of Hormuz by Artaxerxes or Ardishir; who thus became the head of a new dynasty, the 

 Sasanidae. Greek inscriptions now disappear from the Persian coins, and are replaced by a different 

 alphabet. 



The capture of Jericho by Artaxerxes or Ardishir is the latest historical event mentioned by Soli- 

 nus 35 : — supposed to be the senator Julius Solinus or Solonis, who was put to death by Alexander 

 Severus (J. Masson, H. Valesius, and J. A. Fabric, edit. Ernest). 



According to Solinus 22, " Finis erat orbis ora Gallici litoris, nisi Britannia insula non qualibet 

 amplitudine nomen paene orbis alterius mereretur " the seashore of France would be the end of the 

 world but for the isle of Britain, expanding so widely in all directions as almost to deserve the name 

 of another world: among other islands around, "Siluram" (Scilly Islands, or Isle of Man) inhabited 

 by people who " custodiunt morem vetustum, nummum refutant, dant res et accipiunt, mutationibus 

 necessaria potius quam pretiis parant " retain their ancient customs, disapprove of money, give articles 

 and receive, procure what is needful by exchanges rather than by a fixed price. The strait between 

 Britain and another large island Hibernia navigated in boats of wicker-work covered with ox-hide, and 

 during the voyage no food is eaten. 



In Hibernia "nullus anguis, avis rara, gens inhospita et bellicosa" there are no snakes, birds are 

 rare, and the people inhospitable and warlike : "sanguine interemtorum hausto prius victores vultus 

 suos oblinunt " smearing their faces with and drinking the blood of slain enemfes : "fas et nefas eodem 

 loco ducunt " they make no distinction between right and wrong : when a male child is born, the 

 mother offers vows, hoping that it may be killed in battle : "qui student cultui dentibus mari nantium 

 belluarum insigniunt ensium capulos, candicant enim ad eburnam claritatem, nam prascipua viris 

 gloria est in armorum nitela" those who affect gentility ornament the hilt of their swords with the 

 teeth of great sea-beasts (Physeter or sperm-whale), shining like ivory, for the principal glory of the 

 man is in the brightness of his armour. 



Among the productions of Britain, Solinus enumerates great abundance of various metals, 

 "gagates" abates abundant and of the best quality, and " nigro gemmeus " jet. 



"About this time" (Clint.), return of Origen from Antioch to Alexandria, where he commenced 

 his "hexapla" of the Scriptures. 



" 227 A. D." (Chinese chron. table), Wen-ti king of Wei succeeded by Ming-ti ; who named the 

 years of his reign "tai-hao." 



"The same year" (Hieronym., and Clint.), Beryllus bishop of Bostra in Arabia, and Geminianus 

 a presbyter of Antioch, prominent as Christian writers. 



" 228 A. D." (Euseb., and Clint.), Urbanus after " eight years " service succeeded by Pontianus, 

 sixteenth bishop of Rome. In this year also, Philetus succeeded by Zebinus, "eleventh " bishop of 

 Antioch. 



"230 A. D." (Alst. p. 367), the growing pretensions and arrogance of the bishops of Rome, 

 denounced by Tertullianus de pudicit. 



"231 A. D." (Clint.), removal of Origen from Alexandria to Caesarea in Palestine ; on invitation 

 of Firmilianus bishop of Cappadocia. 



232 A. D. (= 210 -)- " 22 years reign " in the Mahavamsa xxxvi), Tissa succeeded by his brother 

 Abha-tissa, now king of Ceylon. 



"233 A. D." (Euseb., and Clint.), Demetrius succeeded by Herachs, "twelfth" bishop of Alex- 

 andria. 



"In or about this year" (Percev. i. 230), commencement of the Coraysh tribe of Arabs, Fihr- 

 Coraysh, eleventh progenitor of Mohammed, having numerous children. — One of his sons, Ghalib, 

 married a daughter of Cab, son of Amr the Khozaite. 



