OF ACCOMPANYING ANIMALS AND PLANTS. 555 



where he saw Christian pilgrims from India (Coq.-Montbret in rec. voy. et mem. 27). He next 

 proceeded to Egypt, and visited " the hermits of the Thebaid ; " at this time regarded in the regular 

 routine of "the Pilgrimage." 



The perfume M V S C V S musk mentioned by Hieronymus — (Ainsw.), by the Armenian writer 

 Moses Chorinensis 365 (Spreng.), and by Aetius (Greenhill). Moschus moschiferus, the deer-like 

 animal yielding this perfume, is described by Cosmas Indicopleustes xi. p. 101, Abu Hanifa (in 

 Serapion) ; and by Benjamin de Tudela as inhabiting Thibet, its well-known native home. The 

 imported perfume is mentioned by Ebn Masawia, Honain, and Symeon Sethus ; and its sale in Egypt, 

 by Leo Africanus. 



Soon after the departure of Hieronymus (Clint., and T. Wright), Paula followed : and landing at 

 Sidon, " visited the tower of Elijah." Approaching Jerusalem, she passed the tomb of " Helena 

 queen of Adiabene ; " and after reaching the city, went to the church of the Holy Sepulchre. On 

 her way to Bethlehem, she visited the " sepulchre of Rachel ; " at Sichem, " entered the church built 

 over the well of Jacob, where our Saviour spoke to the Samaritan woman ; " and in Sebaste or 

 Samaria, saw the sepulchre of John the baptist. 



"386 A. D." (Greg. Turon., and Clint.), Maximus in a personal interview, forbidden by Martinus 

 bishop of Tours to carry the sword into Spain to slay heretics. He had already killed Priscillianus. 



Manuscripts of the " Fourth century" (De Wailly pi. ii. 1), presenting the following form of the 

 letter L. 



" 387 A. D." (Liban., and Clint.), at Antioch, sedition, and the statues of Theodosius, his sons, 

 wife, and father, thrown down by the populace. The "second year" of the preaching of Joannes 

 Chrysostomus. 



" The same year " (Mason ii. 20), two copies of the sacred Budhist books brought from Ceylon 

 to Thatung in Burmah. 



The Sutta sagitti written as early perhaps as this year. Mention is made of various-coloured 

 Benares stuffs* — (Burn. ii. 486 to 825). • 



"388 A. D." (Idat, and Clint.), Maximus having entered Italy, slain near Aquileia ; and the 

 Western division of the Empire restored entire to Valentinian II. by Theodosius. 



England deprived of its young men and military resources in the wars of Maximus, invaded from 

 the North by the Picts and Scots: — whose depredations continued many years (Gildas hist. 14 

 to 24). 



The same year (inscript. at Kermanshah, Agath., and Clint.), Sapor III. succeeded by Vararam 

 IV., eleventh Sasanid king of Persia. 



"389 A. D." (Prosp., and Clint), on account of the death of Priscillianus, his accusers Ithacius 

 and Ursacius deprived of the communion of the church. 



" 390 A. D." (Sozom., and Clint.), massacre at Thessalonica : and at Milan, Theodosius excluded 

 by Ambrosius from the church, for " eight months '' until Christmas. 



" At the close of the year " (Clint ), the great temple of Serapis at Alexandria demolished. The 

 building contained the Alexandrian Library (see Tertull. apol. 18, Aphthon. 12, Oros. vi. 15, Ammon. 

 Hermead., and Joann. Philopon.). Among those who on this occasion fled from Alexandria, were 

 the two grammarians, Helladius " priest of Jupiter," and Ammonius "priest of the ape" (Socrat. 

 v. 15). 



" 391 A. D." (Clint), the orator Symmachus one of the consuls for this year. 



" 392, May 15th " (Epiphan , and Clint), death of Valentinian II. ; Theodosius now becoming in 

 regular. order the fiftieth Roman emperor. Marcellus of Bourdeaux, sometimes termed "archiater," 

 holding the office of " magister officiorum " under Theodosius (Sm. b. d.). 



* Pentapetes ph<rnicea of Tropical Eastern Asia. Herbaceous with shewy flowers, and called in 

 Sanscrit "bandhukamu " or " bandhujivamu " or " bandhujivakamu " (J. F. Wats.); in which we rec- 

 ognize the "bandhudjiva" of the Sutta sagitti — (Burn. ii. 826), Valmiki ram. iv. 29 (transl. Gorr.), 

 Jayadeva, lips like its ruddy flowers, and Susrutas sutr. 6 to kalp. 1: P. phcenicea was observed 

 by Rheede x. pi. 56 in Malabar ; by Graham, "in gardens Bombay," flowers axillary, " of a beautiful 

 bright red colour ; " by Roxburgh, and Wight, in other parts of Hindustan ; by Mason, indigenous in 

 Burmah ; by Blanco, once at Manila ; and is termed by Rumphius v. pi. 100 " flos impius " from the 

 flowers never looking upward. 



Pontederia hastata of Tropical Hindustan. The "umma" having blue flowers according to the 

 Sutta sagitti — is referred here by Burnouf ii. 826 : P. hastata was observed by Nimmo in the envi- 

 rons of Bombay, " rice fields and margins of tanks, Concans " (Graham) ; by Roxburgh cor. ii. pi. 1 1 1 

 in other parts of Hindustan. Transported to Europe, is described by Plukenet aim. pi. 220, and 

 Morison iii. 15. pi. 4. 



