570 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



"489 A. D." (Marcellin., and Clint.), entrance of Theodoric with an army into Italy: Odoacer 

 retiring; into the city of Ravenna. 



490 A D. (= "415 an. jav." of Nata Kasuma, Raffles x), at Astina in Java, Suantana of Hindu 

 descent succeeded by Abiasa, sixth lineal descendant from Tritresta or Aji Saka, and now chief of 

 the Hindu colony. Abiasa and his father Pula Sara are mentioned in the Madura traditions. 



« In or about this year" (Percev. i. 121), Dhou-Chenatir succeeded by Dhou-Nowas, now tobba 

 of Yemen. He declared in favour of Judaism, — which under his reign made great progress in 

 Yemen. He is called Dimion or Dimnus or Dunaan by Syrian and Greek historians. 



"491, April 9th" (Clint), Zeno succeeded by Anastasius, seventh Byzantine emperor. 



••492 A. D." (Vict. Tun., and Clint.), Felix succeeded by Gelasius, "forty-seventh" bishop of 



Rome. 



"493 A. D." (Clint), Gennadius of Massilia writing, mentions Salvianus, Eugenms bishop of 

 Carthage, Julianus Pomerius, and Joannes Antiochenus, as all living. 



" The same year " (Cassiodor., and Clint.), capture of Ravenna, and Odoacer slain; Theodoric 

 now becoming second Gothic king of Italy. 



Petrus archiater, physician to Theodoric, —is mentioned by Aetius (Sm. b. d.). 



Alpinia galanga of Tropical Eastern Asia. The imported root is called in Britain galangal 

 (Johns.), in Germany " galgant " (Grieb),' in Old Spanish "garingal," in current Spanish and Italian 

 " galanga " (Prior), in Egypt " chaulendjan aqarbi," in which we recognize the " galangae " of Aetius 

 — (Royle antiq. hind. med. p. 77), Nicolaus Myrepsus, Macer Floridus 70; and the " chawlandschan " 

 of Ebn Masawia, Ebn Amran, I. B. Amran, Raizes, Avicenna, Serapion, and Ebn Baitar : "galanga" 

 from " India" was observed by Alpinus, and Forskal mat. med.. in the drug-shops of Egypt. Farther 

 East, was met with by Marco Polo 126; is called in Sanscrit "koolunjuna" or " koolunyoga " or 

 "dhumoola"' or "soogundha" (Lindl ), in Bengalee " chandramul " or "bhumichanpa," in Hindu- 

 stanee " kulenjin " or " khulinjan " (D'roz.) ; the living plant is described by Rumphius v. pi. 63 ; was 

 observed by Nimmo in the Southern Concan (Graham) ; is known to grow wild on Sumatra and is 

 cultivated on other islands of the Malayan archipelago (Lindl.); was observed by Loureiro wild as 

 well as cultivated in Cochinchina, the fresh roots used to season fish and for other economical pur- 

 poses. The "galanga major " of commerce is enumerated by Lindley as " a pungent acrid aromatic, 

 forming a kind of substitute for ginger." 



"494 A. D. = 'kien-wou,' 1st year of Ming-ti V., of the Thsi " or Eleventh dynasty — (Chinese 

 chron. table). 



"496 A. D." (Vict Tun., and Clint ), by a synod assembled by the emperor Anastasius, Euphe- 

 mius, defender of the Council of Chalcedon and bishop of Constantinople, deposed. In the West, 

 Gelasius succeeded by Anastasius, forty-eighth bishop of Rome : who (according to Alsted) "was a 

 patron of Eutychians and Nestorians." 



" The same year " (Avit. Vienn., Greg. Tur„ and Clint.), vow of Clovis, engaged in battle against 

 the Alamanni : gaining the victory, he was baptised shortly afterwards on Christmas day. Christian- 

 ity now adopted by the French. 



"497 A. D." (Alst. p. 369), letter of the bishops of Germany and Gaul, affirming. That the 

 authority of the Councils was superior to the single authority of the bishop of Rome, Anastasius. 



"498 A. D." (Clint.), Anastasius succeeded by Symmachus, "forty-ninth" bishop .of Rome. 



Manuscripts of the "end of the Fifth century" (De Waillypl. ii. 3), presenting the following form 

 of the letter d. 



"499 A. D. = ' young-youan,' 1st year of Tchou-pao-kiouan " or Thoung-bouen-heou, of the 

 Thsi or Eleventh dynasty — (Chinese chron. table). 



"In this year = 1st year of the 'young-yuan' of Fi-ti of the Thsi dvnasty" (Li-yan-tcheou hist., 

 and Klapr.), Hoei-chin, a Buddhist priest, arriving in China from Fou-sang ; * a country far Eastward 



* Morns Indica of Yeso and the neighbouring countries. The Aino mulberry is called in the 

 environs of Bombay "toot" (Graham), in Hindustanee and Bengalee "tut" (D'roz.), in Burmah 

 "po-sa" (Mason), by the Japanese "kwa," and by the Ainos "tesimani" (Sieb.) ; and the "fou- 

 sang" tree, whose sprouts and red pear-shaped fruit according to Hoei-chin are eaten, and its bark 

 made into paper and cloth, — may be compared: M. Indica is enumerated by Siebold among the 

 edible and useful plants of Yeso ; and was observed by Thunberg in Japan. Southward and West- 

 ward, by Loureiro in Anam, preferred to all other species for feeding silkworms ; by Mason v. 455, 

 "exotic" in Burmah, cultivated "extensively where the silk worm is raised," and in Tenasserim pro- 

 ducing its " very agreeable black berry in great quantities." Farther West, the " kramuka " of Susrutas 

 chik. 28, is referred here by Hessler ; M. Indica according to Roxburgh is the species cultivated in 

 Bengal for feeding silkworms ; was observed by Rheede i. pi. 49 (Pers ) in Malabar ; by Graham, 



