594 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



(Ainsl.), or " kutajamu " (J. F. Wats.), in the environs of Bombay " koora " or "inderjot" (Graham) ; 

 in which we recognize the "kutaja" of Valmiki ram. i. 18, — Bhavabhuti mal. 9, furnishing according 

 to Kalidasa ragh. xix. 37 wreaths of flowers, and prescribed medicinally by Susrutas : W. antidysen- 



"bandhujivamu " or "bandhujivakamu " (J. F.Wats ), in the environs of Bombay " buckoolee " (Gra- 

 ham): mentioned by Valmiki v. 74 — (transl. Gorr.); and the " nipa " freshly blooming of the 

 Mrichchhakati 5, having flame-coloured flowers according Harivansa 66, staining with their pollen 

 according to Kalidasa ragh. xix. 37, prescribed medicinally by Susrutas, is referred here by Hessler: 

 I. banhuka was observed by Rheede ii. pi. 13 in Malabar; by Graham, in the Southern Concan as 

 far as Bombay, common but "generally under the shade of other bushes;" by Roxburgh, in other 

 parts of Hindustan. 



Verbesina calendulacea of Tropical Hindustan and Ceylon. A creeping yellow-flowered triennial 

 called in Bengalee " keshoorya," in Tamil "postaley-kaiantagerei," in Telinga "patsoo-poola-goonta- 

 galijeroo," on the Deccan "peelabhungra " (Drur.) ; and from early times, its leaves seeds and flowers 

 employed medicinally: possibly the " verbesine " of Valmiki iii. 79 — (transl. Gorr.): V. calendu- 

 lacea was observed by Rheede x. pi. 42 in Malabar; by Graham, in "moist places throughout the 

 Concans," to and beyond Bombay; by Roxburgh, and Wight, as far as Coromandel and Bengal 

 (Drur.) ; by Burmann pi. 22, on Ceylon. 



Syinpluios ferruginca of Tropical Hindustan. A tree called in Sanscrit "lodhra" (J. F. Wats.) ; 

 and the " symplochi " of the Himalaya mentioned by Valmiki iv. 44 — (transl. Gorr.) may be com- 

 pared; also the "lodhra" of Bhavabhuti mal. 9: S. ferruginea is described in the hort. Ben^alensis • 

 and was observed by Honii;berger, probably in the vicinity of the Northern Tropic. 



Symplocos rau-mosa of Tropical Hindustan. A tree called in Bengalee " lodh," in Telino-a "lod- 

 duga" (J. F. Wats.) ; and possibly the "symplochi" of Valmiki iv. 44 : — the "lodhra" of°Bhava- 

 bhuti mal. 9, Susrutas sutr. 6 to chik. 1 and kalp. 4, furnishing according to Kalidasa kum. vii. 9 a 

 powder mixed in oil, mentioned also by Harivansa 126, is referred here by H. H. Wilson and others : 

 S. racemosa was observed by Roxburgh, and Fleming, from the Western Ghauts and Kotah jungles 

 to Bengal, its bark used to dye red, and exported (Don fl. nepal., and Drur.). A very beautiful tree, 

 called "hoora" and perhaps not distinct, was observed by Murray "on the table land' of Mahablesh- 

 wur " (Graham). 



Echites (Chonemorpa) macrophylla of Tropical Eastern Asia. A splendid woody climber with 

 large white flowers (Graham); and the " echite " of Valmiki iv. 29— (transl. Gorr), may be com- 

 pared : C. macrophylla was seen by Rheede ix. pi. 5 and 6 in Malabar ; was " introduced by Nimmo 

 in 1833" into the environs of Bombay (Graham) ; and is enumerated among the plants of Hindu- 

 stan by Roxburgh fl. ii. 13. Farther East, "an indigenous creeper" yielding caoutchouc of excellent 

 quality, was seen by Parish in Tenasserim, and is regarded by him as probably " E. macrophylla" 

 (Mason v. 523). 



Convolvulus (Calonyction) bona-nox of Eastern Hindustan and Burmah. The moon flower is 

 called in the environs of Bombay "gool" or " chandnee " or "soma deva " (Graham), in Burmah 

 " nway-ka-zwon-a-phyoo " (Mason): the moon enlivening the nocturnal flowers, is mentioned by 

 Valmiki 11. 1; — the rising moon dear to the night-flower, by Bhavabhuti uttar. 5; the ni^ht-flower 

 whose fragrance is stifled by the day-star, and the " oskadhi " whose flowers are kindled by the moon 

 by Kalidasa sacont. : C. bona-nox was observed by Rheede xi. pi. 50 in Malabar ; by Graham " in 

 gardens Bombay," the flowers "three to six inches in diameter" and pure white, "open at sun-set 

 and close up the following morning ; " by Roxburgh, Long, and Drury, common everywhere in other 

 parts of Hindustan, the bark of the root used by the natives as a purgative ; by Mason v 417 to 78^ 

 indigenous ; in Burmah, and cultivated besides for its snowy blossoms. By European colonists, was 

 earned to Western Equatorial Alnca (Benth. fl. nigr. 465) : and to Tropical America (Sloane pi. 96 

 Pers., and A. Dec.) Transported to Europe, is termed " buenas noches " by Clusius exot 44 

 (Spreng.), "ipomaea bona-nox" by Linnaeus. ' 



Justkia (RJnnacanthus) nasuta of Western Hindustan. A poor looking shrub four to five feet 

 high, called in Sanscrit " yoothica-purnee," in Bengalee " jooi pana" (Lindl); in Hindustanee " palek- 

 joohiein Tamil "nagamully," m Tel, nga " nargamollay " (Drur.) ; and from early times, its leaves 

 root and seeds employed to cure ringworm: the "pluksha" wood on which sacrifices were made, also 

 M 6 , ,T r 7 J? f y^ 1 ."- ".-^y be compared: R. nasuta observed by Rheede ix. pi. 69 in 

 Malabar; by Graham, ",n gardens "and wild on "the rocky part of the Rotunda ghaut, Mahablesh- 

 wur ; ' by Ainshe, Roxburgh, Walhch, Royle, and Wight, as far as Travancore (Drur.) ■ by Mason 

 '• exotic " in Burmah. v y ' J ' 



Cordiaangust.foliart Western Hindustan. A tree with slender drooping branches and sub- 

 oppos.te leaves called .n > Tamil " narroovalli," in Telinga " nukkeru," in Hindustanee "goond" 

 (Drur.), in the environs of Bombay "goond " or "goondnee " (Graham) ; and from early times its 



