608 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



1 Wonka serpyllifolia of Europe and Northern Asia. The KECTpON AETTTOKAuJNONof 

 Paiilus Aegineta — is referred here by Turner, who further contributed an English name Paul's betony 

 (Prior) : V. serpyllifolia was observed by Sibthorp, around Constantinople and among grass on the 

 Bithynian Olympus ; is known to grow also on Caucasus and the Himalaya mountains and throughout 

 Siberia (Ledeb., Wats., and Benth.)- Westward from Greece, is termed "exfragia nobilis" by 

 Brunfelsii. 20 (Spreng.), "v. pratensis serpyllifolia" by Tournefort inst. 144; was observed by 

 Desfontaines in Algeria; and is known to grow throughout middle and Northern Europe as far as 

 Lapland and Iceland (Hook., and Fries). From Asia, may have been carried by colonists, Ainos or 

 Russian, to the Pacific shore of America, where it was observed by Mertens at Norton Sound : by 

 European colonists was carried to Madeira (Lemann) ; to Northeast America, where it has become 

 extensively multiplied along roadsides and in grass-grown clearings ; to the mountains of Jamaica, 

 where it was observed by Bertero ; to the environs of cities on the Andes, Santa-Fe-de-Bogota, 

 Quito, and Cmindiu (Kunth) ; to the Falkland Islands (Gaud., and J. D. Hook.) ; and to Austral 

 Africa (Benth., and A. Dec). 



" In this year (= 1st of the 'louug-so' of Kao-tsoung," hist. Thang, and Klapr. note to geogr. 

 Chin ), arrival in China of an embassy from Tan-lo (Quelpaerts Island) : where the inhabitants wear 

 only skins of a kind of swine, live in huts of leather, and in winter in caves, have no cattle, but culti- 

 vate grain by means of an instrument with iron points for harrowing the soil. — A second embassy 

 arrived in " 665 = 2d year of the ' lin-te' ' of Kao tsoung." 



" In the reign of Saimei " (Jap. centen. comm. 59), the art of manufacturing tiles brought by a 

 Corean to Japan. 



"662 A. D." (ann. Jap., transl. Tits.), Kwo-gok or Zai-meT succeeded by her son Ten-tsi, now 

 thirty-ninth dairo of Japan. 



"In the reign of the emperor Tenji " (Jap. centen. comm. S2), folding fans invented by a native of 

 Tamba in Japan; the material at first employed being thin boards of Chamaecypiris obtusa. — 

 The invention was afterwards introduced from Japan into China, as admitted in Chinese books. 



" 664 A. D. = 1st year of the ' lin-te ' of Kio-tsoung" (Chinese chron. table), beginning of the 

 Fifty-sixth cycle.* 



* Uvaria odorata of Tropical China and the Philippines. A tree called in Burmah " ka-dat- 

 gnan " (Mason), and from early times known in China — (Rumph. ii. pi. 65). Westward, is known to 

 occur on Java (Pers.); was observed by Mason v. 407 to 740 "exotic" in Burmah, planted around 

 native dwellings along the coast for ornament. The " U. Sinensis" and " Unona odoratissima " 

 called in Tagalo "alangilan," observed by Blanco on the Philippines, may be compared. 



Triphasia trifoliate of Tropical China. An Aurantiaceous shrub called in the environs of 

 Bombay " China limboo " (Graham); and from early times known in China, — bearing the "berry 

 like an orange in miniature often found in Chinese preserves " (Mason) : T. trifoliata was observed 

 by Kaempfer v. 801, and Thunberg in Japan, growing spontaneously near villages, also planted for 

 hedges, and employed medicinally. Westward, was observed by Mason v. 453 ".exotic" in Burmah, 

 in gardens of European residents ; by N. L. Burmann 35 (Spreng.), in Hindustan ; by Graham, com- 

 mon " in gardens" around Bombay, probably introduced from China, but found by Nimmo seemingly 

 "wild in S. Concan." From transported specimens, is described by Linnaeus. 



Mitrraya exotica of the Tropical base of the Himalayas as far as Anam and China. An Auran- 

 tiaceous tree called in the environs of Bombay " koontee " (Graham), in Burmah " tha-nat-kha " 

 (.Mason) ; in Anam "cay nguyet qui," in China "cao li yong" (Lour.) and from early times culti- 

 vated for its fragrant flowers ; — termed " camunium sinense" by Rumphius v. pi. 18; and observed 

 by Loureiro 331 seemingly wild " agrestis " in China and Anam. Southward and Westward, occurs 

 as a shrub only under cultivation in Amboyna and Java (Lour.); was observed by Mason v. 760 

 " exotic " in Burmah ; by N. L. Burmann 104, and Wight, in Hindustan ; by Graham, an ornamental 

 shrub " in gardens " at Bombay, " probably introduced from China." but found by Royle wild " all along 

 the jungly tract at the foot of the Himalayas." From transported specimens, described by Linnsus. 



Ncphelium longan ol Tropical Eastern Asia. The wild rainboiitan of the Malays is a latye 

 pinnate-leaved tree called in the environs of Bombay "wumb" (Graham), in Burmah "kyet-mouk" 

 (Mason), in Anam " cay nhon " or " laong nhan," in China " lum yen " (Lour.), and from early times 

 cultivated for its fruit ; — N. longan was seen in China by Navarrete ; grows according to Osbeck on 

 the summit of the highest mountains, its fruit eaten with tea ; but was observed by Loureiro 288 

 under cultivation in Anam and China. Westward, by Mason v. 454, indigenous in Burmah, bearing 

 an agreeable fruit; by Roxburgh, and Wight, in Hindustan; by Graham, principally constituting "a 

 forest" in "a ravine near Parr" in the environs of Bombay. 



Qui'qualis Indica of Tropical Eastern Asia. A woody climber called in Burmah "da-way- 

 hmaing" (Mason), in Tagalo "niogniogan" or " tagarao," in Ylocano "tartarao," in Bisaya "tango- 



