632 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



koyamatsu {Sciadopitys verlicillata)," "nagi {Podocarpus nageia), species of sugi (Cryptomeria 

 Japonica);' " yudzurira {Daphniphvllum Roxburgii), kaya (Torreya nucifera)," " saka-ki (Cleyera 

 Japonica)," " hiragi (O/ra aguijolia), masaki (Euonymus Japonica), yatzude (^zo: Japonic a) 

 "shuro-chiku (Rhamnis Jlabelliformis) various species of." " shuro (Chamaerops exceba)" " mok- 

 koku {Ternstroemia Japonica):' " zuiko {Daphne odorala)," "sazanka (Camelia sasanqua), mube 

 (Stauntonia hexaphylla), binan-kadzura (Kadsura Japonica), nanten (A'andina aoviestica) two 

 species of, hiraginanten {Berberis Japonica), shiromoji (Lindera triloba);' and " teikakadzura (P«r«- 

 chites Thunbergii)." 



Of plants with "ornamental foliage," the " kiri (Paulownia imperialis), aogiri {Firmiana 

 platanifolia), mokuran {Talauma Sieboldii), oyama-renge {Magnolia pariflora)," "ajisai (Hydran- 

 gea ajisai), momiji (.4^v J/J.), mansaku (Hamamelis Japonica), ro-bai (Chimonanthus fragrans), 

 raume (Prunus mume), nishiki-gi (Euonymus alalus)," and " tzuru-mume-modoki (Celastrus articu- 

 lata) : 



Of "herbaceous perennial plants," the "hana-shobu (Iris tectorum)* shaku-yaku (Paeonia 

 officinalis):' And of ferns, shinobu (Davallia sp.) : —all enumerated in Jap. centen. comm. 35. 



"The same year (= 237 Hej." of Abu Zaid, Yule cath. i. p. cii.), date of the first part of the 

 compilation of Arab Voyages to Hindustan, Ceylon, and China. 



" 852 A. D." (Nicol), a synod at Cordova. Against voluntary martyrs, and worshipping them. 

 "853 A. D." (Blair), some cities in France acquired by the Normans. 



"855 A. D." (Alst. p. 2S2 and 450), at Rome, Leo IV succeeded by Joannes VIII. (Joanna). 

 — Mention is made of Joanna by Marianus Scotus, Sigebertus, and Martinus Polus. 



"November" (Nicol.), a synod at Winchester, three of the provincial kings being present. A 

 tenth part of the kingdom of Wessex was granted to the church as " compensation for the ravages 

 of the Normans." 



"The same year" (Assem. iii. 2. 440, and Gildem. 51 to 53), era of the Christians of Malabar. 

 Who also had received privileges from king Charuman Perumal. 



"About the Ninth century" (John as. res. vii. p. 345), the Tamil female philosopher Aviyar 

 living in the time of three famous kings, Sholen, Sheron, and Pandien. 



Poinciana pulcherrima of Tropical Eastern Asia. A flowering shrub called in the environs of 

 Bombay " gool mohur " (Graham), in Bengalee and Sanscrit " krishna-choora," in Tamul " komri '' 

 (Lindl.) : the " konnei " flower of Aviyar — is referred here by John : P. pulcherrima is described by 

 Rumphius iv. pi. 20; was observed in Hindustan by Rheede vi. pi. 1, sometimes growing sponta- 

 neously (A. Dec), but by Roxburgh, Graham, and myself, only under cultivation ; was observed by 

 Moon cat. p. 34, on Ceylon. Farther East, is enumerated by Mason v. 412 as "exotic" in Burmah, 

 "much cultivated" by the natives, and called "doung-souk ;" was observed by Zoll. verz. p. 2 on 

 Java; is called " hoa phung " in Cochinchina (Taberd diet.); is known to occur in China (Hook., 

 and Arn.) ; was observed by Blanco frequent throughout the Philippines, called by the natives 

 "rosas caballero " or "flores," the flowers inducing abortion; was not met with by myself on the 

 Feejeean Islands, but introduced by Polynesian tribes throughout the Tongan, Samoan, and Tahei- 

 tian groups By European colonists, was carried to the Hawaiian Islands, where I found it only 

 in the gardens of resident Whites ; to the Mauritius Islands (Aublet) ; to the Cape Verd Islands, 

 and thence according to Ligon to the West Indies, where it was found by Sloane ii. p. 49 seemingly 

 naturalized, by Browne, and Descourtilz, clearly exotic ; to Brazil, where it was observed under 

 cultivation by myself; and recently to Egypt, where according to Clot-Bey it is now successfully 

 cultivated. 



Bauhinia tomenlosa of Tropical Arabia and Hindustan. Called in Malabar " chanscheha," in 

 Tamil " triviat-putrum" or " caat-attie " (Drur. ) ; and the " ati " flower of Aviyar — is referred here 

 by John : B. tomentosa was observed in Hindustan by Rheede i pi. 35, Roxburgh, Wight; by Gra- 

 ham, " a shrub " in " gardens," and found by Nimmo " wild in the Concans ; " is known to grow on 

 the " Coromandel mountains," the " dried buds and young flowers, prescribed in dysentery " (Lindl.) ; 

 and was observed by Burman pi. iS on Ceylon. Farther East, is enumerated by Mason as " exotic " 

 in Burmah and cultivated for its "large sulphur-coloured flowers ; " was observed by Blanco on the 

 Philippines, called in Tagalo and Pampango " alibanban," in Bisaya " alibanban " or " balibanban " 

 or " alibihil " or " alambihor " or " ahihiro " or " diis " or " livas," and the leaves eaten by the natives 

 as a substitute for vinegar. Westward from Hindustan, was observed by Forskal p. 85 frequent 

 near mount Melhan in Yemen and called " athbir " or " turn mar " or " henn el bagar " or"henn 

 embas." 



* Azalea Indica of Eastern Asia. Possibly the "azaleas " cultivated in Japan for its flowers, — 

 mentioned in Jap. c. c. 115 : A. Indica is described by Kaempfer reliq. pi. 55. And as transported 

 to Europe, by Hermann lugd. pi. 163 (Pers.). 



