OF ACCOMPANYING ANIMALS AND PLANTS. 65 1 



• 



li king " of Germany. An impression of the seal of Otto, — attached to a parchment written " in 956," 

 is extant. 



Hardly earlier than this date (Graha Munjari tables, Puranas, and Bentl.), Abhijit reigning in 

 Hindustan. 



938 A. D. = "863 an. jav." (Raffles x.), date of an inscription in the Kawi in ancient Javan 

 character on a stone discovered near Jang'gala. 



940 A. D. == "865 an. jav." (Raffles x.), date of an inscription in the ancient Javan character 

 "very beautifully executed" on copper. Also of an inscription in the same character on a stone dis- 

 covered on the Kedang hills. 



" In this year" (Alst, and Nicol.), at Rome, Leo VII. succeeded by Stephanus IX., sixty-third 

 archbishop. 



"The same year" (art de verif.), Radi succeeded by Motaki, twenty-first Abbassid khalif. 



Motaki was acknowledged by Ikhschid ; who, from being appointed governor of Egypt, had ren- 

 dered himself really independent, and had even extended his authority over Palestine and Syria. 

 Coins issued by Ikhschid, are figured in Marcel p. 95. 



About this time (tradit, and Colebrooke as. res. viii. 25S to 467), Gaudapada, "stated to have 

 been " the instructor of Govindanat'ha, expounding the Vedas. Some of his writings — are extant. 



"941 A. D." (palm-leaf ann. Jag., and W. W. Hunter), Jana Kesari succeeded by Nripa Kesari, 

 now king of Orissa ; a warlike and ambitious prince, — who founded the city of Cattack at the com- 

 mencement of the delta of the Mahanadi, and reigned "twelve years." 



" The same year (= 331 A. H. coram. Sept. 14th," Gildem. 77), Musir ben Muhalhil accom- 

 panying the Chinese ambassadors back to their own country. 



" Oct. 27th " (Nicol.), Athelstan succeeded by Edmund, ninth Anglo-Saxon king of England. 



"In this year" (Sm. b. d.), sudden appearance of a Russian fleet of "ten thousand boats" under 

 Ingor, ravaging the country around the entrance of the Bosphorus. The Russians were repelled, and 

 most of their boats destroyed, — and "in 945," Olga widow of Ingor came to Constantinople and 

 received baptism under the name of " Helena." 



"942 A. D." (J. Nicholson in Kitt. cycl. bibl.), death of Rabbi Saadjah Haggaon or Saadja Gaon, 

 born in the Faijum, rector of the academy at Sora, and author of an Arabic version of the Pentateuch, 

 Isaiah, Job, and a portion of Hosea. The version "often follows the Septuagint ; " — and was pub- 

 lished in the Hebrew character in the Tetraglott of " Constantinople in the year 1546." 



"The same year (= 331 A. H. coram. Sept. r4th," Ebn Batut, and Gildem. p. 54), death of Abu 

 Abdallah ben khalif; who first opened to Muslims the pilgrimage to the mountain in Ceylon containing 

 the alleged imprint of Budha's foot. 



Returning from Sindabil in China part of the way by sea, Musir ben Muhahil visited the "pepper 

 country" (Malabar?), and mount Kafur on which among other great cities Kamrun is situated, that 

 exports "the green wood called mandal kamruni " ( . • • )• "There is also the city called Sanf, 

 which gives its name to the Sanfi aloes-wood" (....). "At another foot of the mountain towards 

 the north is the city of Saimur" (not far from Sind) containing mosques, churches for Christians, 

 synagogues, and even a temple for fire-worshippers (Parsees) ; the Hindu population not slaying ani- 

 mals, nor eating fish, eggs nor meat, except that some among them would eat animals beaten to death 

 or thrown from a precipice, but not animals dying naturally. The " saimuri wood " is named from this 

 city though it is only brought thither for sale. — Much of the narrative of Musir ben Muhahil has 

 been preserved by Yakuti, and Kazwini (Gildem., and Yule). 



"943 A. D. = 8th year of the 'thian-fou,' accession of Tchou-tchoung-kouei, of the later Tsin " 

 or Seventeenth dynasty (Chinese chron. table). 



"The same year" (Alst., and Nicol.), at Rome, Stephanus IX. succeeded by Marinus II. or 

 Martinus II., sixty-fourth archbishop. 



In this year (= "332 A. H., comm. Sept. 3d," Gildem.), Masudi, according to his own account, 

 writino- his "Meadows of gold." He speaks of the burning of widows with their deceased husbands 

 in Hindustan (Wilford as. res. ix. 181), having visited Sind "in 912" while quite a youth, and after- 

 wards Zanzibar and the Island of Kanbalu (Comoro?), Champa, China, and the country of Zabaj 

 (Java ?), besides travelling in Turkestan— (Yule cath. i. p. ex.). He died "in 957 " (Pouchet). 



Hernandia sonora of wooded Tropical shores from the Malayan archipelago to the Samoan 

 Islands. The jack-in-a-box is a large tree called in Tagalo " colongcolong" (Blanco); and the tree 

 bearino- men and women on the island of Wak-wak in the Southern Ocean, mentioned by Masudi, — 

 and Bakui (Yule 79), maybe compared : Al Biruni denies that the island is named from a fruit shaped 

 like a human head which cries " wak wak : " H. sonora was observed by myself frequent along the 

 seashore of the Samoan Tongan and Feejeean Islands ; by Rich, under cultivation at Otafu coral-island 

 from a drifted seed ; by Blanco, frequent along the seashore of the Philippines ; by Rumphius ii. pi. 85, 

 on the Moluccas, its fibrous roots chewed and applied to wounds caused by the Macassar poison form 



