696 chronological arrangement 



ton, and Wight, in other parts of Hindustan, and in medicinal use (Drur.). Westward, is known to 

 occur in Guinea, but clearly through human intervention was carried to Spain (Pers.) and Rostock 

 in Russia (Gmel. sib. iii. pi. 20). 



291, Buchanan, Roxburgh, Ainslie, and Wight, as far as Bengal, in damp situations and by the side of 

 rice-fields, its roots and leaves employed medicinally ; by Mason, indigenous 111 Burmah. 



BarUria coerulea of Tropical Hindustan and Burmah. The " artagala " or " karbudara " of 

 Susrutas sutr. 6, — is referred here by Hessler ■ B. coerulea was observed by Roxburgh in Eastern 

 Hindustan; and by Mason, in Burmah : the " wahitee " of the environs of Bombay, "an unarmed 

 shrub " with large beautiful blue flowers, is regarded by Graham as perhaps identical. 



Justicia (Gendarussa) vulgaris of Tropical Eastern Asia. A shrub called in Bengalee " jugut- 

 mudum," in Telinga " nulla vavali," in Tamil from the dark-purple bark of its young parts " caroo- 

 nochie" (Drur.), in Burmah "ba-wa-net" (Mason), in Tagalo "limang-sugat " or " silisilihan," in 

 Bisaya "mopio" or "panaptun" or " alyopyop " (Blanco); and the " rushaka " or "vasaka" or 

 "vrisha" prescribed by Susrutas sutr. 44 to chik. 37. — is referred here by Hessler: J. vulgaris was 

 observed by Rheede ix. pi. 42 in Malabar ; by Nimmo, and Graham, in the Northern Concan as far 

 as Bombay, strong scented, the leaves preserving clothing from insects, used also by the natives in 

 intermittent fevers ; by Roxburgh, Ainslie, and Wight, as far as Travancore, the leaves employed for 

 various medicinal purposes (Drur.) ; by Mason v. 434, "indigenous" in Burmah, but " of ten planted for 

 borders in gardens ; " in Java is considered a good emetic (Drur.); is known to occur also on 

 Amboyna (Rumph. iv. pi. 28, and Lindl ) ; was observed by Blanco frequent on the Philippines, 

 employed in wounds and diseases of the throat, and on Zebu called " mandalusa " from being eaten 

 by the " usa," a species of deer. 



Plumbago rosea of the Malayan archipelago. Perennial and shrubby, called in Sanscrit " lal- 

 chitra," in Hindustanee "lal-chita'' (J. F. Wats.), in Bengalee " rukto chita," in Telinga " yerra- 

 cithra moolum," in Tamil " shencodie vaylie " (Drur.), in the environs of Bombay "lal-chitra" 

 (Graham), in Burmah " ken-khyoke nee " (Mason) : and according to Hessler, one of the two kinds 

 of Plumbago mentioned bv Susrutas chik. 17 : — P. rosea was observed by Rheede xii. pi. 9 in Mala- 

 bar ; by Graham, "in gardens common, and in flower throughout the year;" by Roxburgh, Ainslie, 

 and Drurv, common in gardens, the root acrid and stimulating, sometimes employed in Bengal as an 

 acro-narcotic poison ; by Mason v. 432 to 789, " exotic " in Burmah, cultivated for the vesicatory 

 power of its root; by Horsfield, on Java, employed by the natives for blistering, also in ulcers, cuta- 

 neous diseases, and rheumatism, is termed "radix vesicatoria" by Rumphius v. pi. 168 as observed 

 on Amboyna 1 Lindl ). 



Arhtolocltia Indica of Tropical Eastern Asia and the Malayan archipelago. A twining shrubby 

 plant called in Bengalee " eeshwur-mool " (Lindl.), in Hindustanee " isharmul," in Telinga " ishvara- 

 veru " or " dula-govela," in Malabar " ishvaramuri," in Tamil " ich-churamuli " or " peru-marindu " 

 or " perum-kizhangu " (Drur.), in Tagalo " malaubi " or from its balance-shaped old capsules " tim- 

 bagan " (Blanco) ; in which we recognize the " isvara " prescribed by Susrutas chik. 8 to kalp. 8 : — 

 A. Indica was observed by Rheede viii. pi. 25 in Malabar; bv Graham, on "hills throughout the 

 Concan, not very common ; " by Roxburgh, Ainslie, and Wight, as far as Travancore and Bengal, its 

 root nauseously bitter, employed medicinally and as an antidote in snake-bites (Drur.) ; by Loureiro 

 ii. 528, in Anam ; by Blanco, on the Philippines, employed medicinally ; and is termed "radix pulo- 

 norica" by Rumphius v. pi. 177. 



Basclla alba of Tropical Eastern Asia. A twining herbaceous plant called in Sanscrit " poo- 

 tika" or '• oopodaki " (J. F. Wats.), in Hindustanee " pol," in Bengalee " rukhto-pooi," in Telinga 

 "alla-batsalla " (Drur.), in the environs of Bombay " doodee " or " wahlea " or " myal-ke-baj'ee " 

 (Graham), in Burmah "gyen-haing" (Mason), in Tagalo "libato," in Ylocano " vlaibaquir " (Blanco); 

 in which we recognize the " potika " or " upodika " enumerated among potherbs by Susrutas sutr. 

 46, — mentioned also by Harivansa 137 ■ B. alba was observed by Rheede vii. pi. 24 in Malabar ; by 

 Graham, "generally cultivated as spinage by the natives ; " by Roxburgh, Wight, and Drury, as far 

 as Bengal, "cultivated in almost every part of the country," and according to Faulkner sometimes 

 employed medicinally ; by Mason v. 472 to 780, " exotic " in Burmah, cultivated by the Burmese for 

 spinage; by Loureiro, in Anam; is known to occur in China (Pluk. aim. pi. 63, and Pers.) ; was 

 observed by Kaempfer, and Thunberg, in Japan, used for dyeing ; by Blanco, seemingly wild on the 

 Philippines and eaten by the natives; by Rumphius v. 417 and pi. 154, on Amboyna (Pers.). " B. 

 rubra, B. lucida," and '• B. cordifolia," are regarded as not distinct. 



7 i-t ran lli era Koxbur^hii of Tropical Hindustan and the Siamese countries. A Lauraceous tree 

 called in Telinga " meda " (Ell.), in the environs of Bombay "chickna" or " warus " (Graham) : and 

 the " meda " of Susrutas chik. 1 7 to 37 — may be compared : T. Roxburghii was observed by Graham 



