OF ACCOMPANYING ANIMALS AND PLANTS. 



701 



Convolvulus (Batatas) paniculata of Tropical shores from the Atlantic to the Malayan archipel- 

 ago. A twining perennial called in Sanscrit " vidaree " or " kroshtree " or " ksheeruvidaree " or 

 " ksheerushookla " (J. F. Wats.), in Telinga " matta-paltiga," in Bengalee " bhoomi-koomra " 

 (Lindl.), in Tagalo " puntaspuntas " (Blanco) ; in which we recognize the " vidari " or " kroshtri " 

 or " kshiravidari " or " kshirasukla " whose root is prescribed by Susrutas sutr. 46 to chik. 30: 

 — B. paniculata was observed by Rheede xi.pl. 49 in Malabar; by Graham, around Bombay, 

 flowering " in the rains ; " by Roxburgh, in Eastern Hindustan, its large turnip-shaped roots 

 eaten by cattle, and employed medicinally by the natives (Drur.) ; by Mason, indigenous in Bur- 

 mah ; is known to grow on Java and as far as Australia (Lindl.) ; was observed by Blanco frequent 

 on the Philippines, the root employed by the natives as a purgative. Westward from Hindustan, 

 was received by Jacquin from Mauritius (Steud.) ; is known to grow also in Tropical Africa and 

 America (Lindl ). 



Solanum verbascifolium of Madagascar and the Mauritius Islands ? A mullein-leaved shrub 

 called in Sanscrit " lavana-bhantaca " or " samasht'hila " or " gandira," in Bengal " lona-bhant " or 

 "sulatiya" (W. Jones) ; in which we recognize the "gandira" prescribe'd by Susrutas chik. 46 : — S. 

 verbascifolium was observed by Lush near Dharwar, and is probably the unarmed species seen by 

 Gibson " in Deccan gardens " (Graham) ; was observed in Bengal by W. Jones as. res. iv. 259, but 

 by Roxburgh in gardens (Pers.) ; by Mason, in Burmah, enumerated as though indigenous ; by Lou- 

 reiro i. 128, in Anam ; by Blanco, sparingly on the Philippines and not known to the natives, with 

 the slight exception that it is called " noog noog " on Zebu. Westward, is known to grow on Mada- 

 gascar and the Mauritius Islands (Scop., and Pers.). By European colonists, was carried to Tropical 

 America (Pluk. aim. pi. 316, and Pers.). 



Ocymum gratissimuj/i of Tropical Arabia. The shrubby basil is called in Yemen " hobokbok " 

 (Forsk.), in Malabar " cattu tirtava " (Rheede), in Bengalee "ram-tulsee" (J. F. Wats.), in, the 

 environs of Bombay " ram-toolsee " (Graham) : the '' kut'heraka " or " k'harapushpa " prescribed by 

 Susrutas sutr. 36 to chik. 17, — is referred here by Hessler : O. gratissimum was observed by Rheede, 

 x. pi. 86 in Malabar; by Graham, "common in gardens" in the environs of Bombay, "flowering 

 chiefly in the rains, very fragrant ; " by Roxburgh, Piddington, and Voight, as far as Bengal ; and 

 by Burmann z. pi. 80, on Ceylon. Westward, was observed by Forskal wild among the mountains 

 of Yemen. 



Ocymum canum of Tropical Hindustan and Burmah. The hoary basil is annual and called in 

 Sanscrit " arjaca " (Ainsl., and Pidd.) ; and the " arjaka " prescribed by Susrutas sutr. 36 to chik. 

 17, — maybe compared: O. canum was observed by Graham in the environs of Bombay; by Rox- 

 burgh iii. 15, in Eastern Hindustan; by Mason, in Burmah, enumerated as indigenous. Westward, 

 was observed by Grant near cultivated ground in Lat. " 2° N." on the Nile. 



Barleria prionitis of Tropical Asia, from Arabia to Burmah. Shrubby with stellate thorns and 

 large yellow flowers, called in Sanscrit " kuruntuka " (Pidd.), in Bengalee " kantha-jathi," in Tamil 

 "shem-muli," in Telinga " mullu-gounta," in Malabar " coletta-veetla " (Drur.), in the environs of 

 Bombay "kholeta" (Graham); in which we recognize the " kurantaka " or " kuruntaka " prescribed 

 by Susrutas sutr. 46 to chik. 25 : — B. prionitis was observed by Rheede ix. pi. 41 in Malabar; by 

 Graham, " every where '' in the environs of Bombay ; by Roxburgh, Ainslie, and Wight, as far as 

 Bengal, employed medicinally by the natives (Drur ) ; by Mason, in Burmah ; and Westward, by 

 Forskal p. 6 among the mountains of Yemen. 



Boerhaavia diffusa of Tropical America? A diffuse annual called in Tamil " mookaretti," in 

 Telinga " ataka-mamidi," in Bengalee " gada-poorna " or " swhet-poorna," in Malabar " tameerama " 

 or " taludama," in Hindustanee "tikri" (Drur.), in Tagalo " paan balivis," in Ylocano " tabtabocol ti 

 Nuano-" (Blanco) ; and according to Hessler, mentioned as a potherb by Susrutas sutr. 46 to chik. 

 38 : B. diffusa was observed by Rheede vii. pi. 46 in Malabar ; by myself, in the environs of Bom- 

 bay; by Graham " common every where but particularly abundant in the Deccan," sometimes eaten 

 by the natives as greens ; by Burmann ind. pi. 1, Roxburgh, Ainslie, Wight, and Drury, a weed 

 "common in all parts of India," its pulverized root employed medicinally; by Blanco, on the Philip- 

 pines, common around stone buildings in the province of Batangas, the dried root employed medici- 

 nally. Westward from Hindustan was observed by Forskal p. 3 in Tropical Arabia ; by Delile, in 

 Upper Eo-ypt ; by Baldwin, as far North as Anastatia Island Lat. 30 in Florida; is known to grow 

 also on famaica and as far as Peru (Pers.) ; was observed by myself, exotic and clearly carried by 

 the natives to Metia, Taheiti, the Samoan, Tongan, and Feejeean Islands. 



Euxolus polygamus of Hindustan and Burmah. A diffuse herb called in Sanscrit "tundooleeya" 

 (Pidd.), and is the common bajee of Bombay called " choolae " (Graham) : the " tandula " of Susru- 

 tas sutr. 16 to chik. 27, — is referred here by Hessler : E. polygamus is termed " blitum indicum 

 album " by Rumphius v. pi. 82 ; was observed by Graham " much cultivated " in the environs of 

 Bombay; by Roxburgh, hort. beng. 67, and Piddington 218, as far as Bengal, according to Long 



