OF ACCOMPANYING ANIMALS AND PLANTS. 707 



and marshes around Tamatave and Ivoundrou. By European colonists, carried to the Mauritius 

 Islands and cultivated there. 



Strychnos spinosa of Madagascar. A bush called " voua-vountaka," — the fruit according to 

 Flacourt i. 36. 13 as large as a quince, with a gourd-like shell full of large flat seeds resembling those 

 of nux-vomica and smaller, the juice and watery pulp agreeable when ripe : observed by Bojer on the 

 margin of the forest throughout the Eastern coast and in the plain at Foulepointe. By European 

 colonists, carried to the Mauritius Islands and cultivated there : and from transported specimens, 

 described by Lamarck. 



Agathophyllum aromaticum of Madagascar. A tree called " ravinsara ; " — described by Fla- 

 court i. 36. 24 as taller than the European laurel, the fruit, leaves, and young bark having the taste 

 of cloves, and one of the best spices of the island, producing fruit only once in three years, when the 

 tree is cut down by the natives to save the trouble of climbing. By European colonists, carried to 

 the Mauritius Islands and cultivated there (Sonnerat, and Boj.) ; and from transported specimens, 

 described by Jussieu, and Gaertner. 



Buddleia Madagascarensis of Madagascar. Called there " seva," — and described by Flacourt 

 i. 36. 98 as a shrub or small tree, the leaves brownish-green above, cottony and white beneath, 

 astringent and good to foment contusions and sprains, and boiled with " vin de miel " to stop diar- 

 rhoea. By European colonists, carried to the Mauritius Islands and cultivated in gardens (Boj.) ; to 

 Ceylon, observed by Gardner escaping from cultivation (A. Dec). From transported specimens, 

 described by Vahl (Lam. pi. 69, and bot. mag. pi. 2824). 



Terminalia fatrcea of Madagascar. A small tree called " voua-fatrd," — described by Flacourt i. 

 36. 65 as yielding " la litemente ou le benjoin ; " observed by Bojer at Tamatave and Foulepointe. 

 By European colonists, carried to the Mauritius Islands and cultivated there: and from transported 

 specimens, described by Decandolle prodr. 



Terminalia badamia of Madagascar. A tree called "hatafang," — observed by Bojer along the 

 river Ivoundrou near Tamatave. By European colonists, carried to the Mauritius Islands and very 

 generally cultivated : and from transported specimens, described by Decandolle prodr. 



Alafia Thouarsii of Madagascar. A shrubby Apocynaceous vine called " voua-laffi." — The 

 " laffa " is described by Flacourt i. 36. 120 as an " arbre " yielding very strong filaments, used by the 

 Negroes for making fishing-lines. By European colonists, carried to the Mauritius Islands and culti- 

 vated there (Boj.). 



Intsia Madagascarensis of Madagascar, the Seychelles, and Galega Island. A Leguminous 

 tree called in Madagascar " intsi : " — the " marointsi " is described by Flacourt i. 36. 148 as good 

 for stanching blood and stopping diarrhoea. I. Madagascarensis is described also by Petit-Thouars ; 

 by European colonists was carried to the Mauritius Islands (Boj.) ; and from transported specimens, 

 is termed " tamarindus intsia" by Sprengel. 



Mithridatea tambourissa of Madagascar and the Comoro and Mauritius Islands. An evergreen 

 tree called in Madagascar " ambora : " — the " tamboure cissa " is described by Flacourt i. 36. 69 as 

 bearino- apples that open in fours, the pulp full of seeds covered with a thick orange-coloured skin 

 that affords a dye like arnotto. M. tambourissa was observed also by Commerson ; by Bojer, through- 

 out Mauritius, in the dense and humid forest. From transported specimens, described by Jussieu 

 gen., and Lamarck ill. pi. 784 



Ampalis Madagascarensis of Madagascar. An Urticaceous tree called "ampali," — observed by 

 Bojer in the forest around Tamatave : the " ampalatanghvari " or " fitourauen " described by Flacourt 

 i. 36. 129 as a'large tree with astringent leaves, may be compared. By European colonists, A. Mada- 

 gascarensis was carried to the Mauritius Islands (Boj.) : and from transported specimens, is described 

 by Jacquin rar. iii. pi. 617, and termed " morus mauritiana" by Poiret. 



Alpinia? jnagnifica of Madagascar. Also perennial and called " longouze." — By European 

 colonists carried to the Mauritius Islands, where it was observed by Bojer under cultivation, and 

 besides growing spontaneously. From transported specimens, described by Roscoe scit. 



Nepenthes Madagascarensis of Madagascar. The " anramitaco " — is described by Flacourt i. 

 36. 43 as two cubits' high, having at the end of the leaves a sort of hollow flower covered with 

 a lid and containing water after rain, the plucking of this flower avoided by the natives and sup- 

 posed to induce rain. From transported specimens, N. Madagascarensis is described by Poiret 



(Steud.). 



.( II49 A. D. = 1st year of the ' thian-te ' of Tchou-liang, of the Kin," ruler of Northern China 



— (Chinese chron. table). 



" 1 140 to 1 150 A. D." (....), El-Hafez succeeded by Dhafer of the Fatimite dynasty, ninth 

 sultan of Egypt. A coin issued by Dhafer at Alexandria, is figured in Marcel p. 128. 



" 1 150 A. D." (Blair), the Civil law, for the first time after Justinian, restored in Germany by 

 Irnerius Wernerus. 



