714 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



"May 21st" (Nicol.), a synod at Avranches. Henry II. "was absolved from the murder of 

 Thomas-a-Becket, after swearing to abolish all the unlawful customs established during his reign." 



" 1 173 A. D." (Nicol.), in a synod at Westminster, reading of the Bull for the canonization of 

 Thomas-a-Becket. Richard prior of Dover was elected archbishop of Canterbury ; and " twenty- 

 seven canons were made on discipline." 



"The same year " (art de venf.), death of Nooreddin ; Saladin becoming the acknowledged sul- 

 tan of both Egypt and Syria. Gold and silver were coined by Saladin, to redeem the glass money in 

 circulation (Marcel 139 and 144). He replaced the brick wall around Cairo with stone ; built the cit- 

 adel, and cleared the deep well therein, — to the present day called from him "Joseph's" well (Wilk. 

 theb. and eg. p. 305). 



The removal of the outer stone coating of the Great pyramid, is attributed to Saladin (Marcel 141). 



" 1174 A. D." (rudim. chron. Lond.j, building of the leaning tower at Pisa. 



" 1 1 75 A. D." (= 571 A. H." of Abu-Abdallah ben Ahmed Muhrim, Badjer edit. Varthem. p 59), 

 the walls and towers on the mountains around Aden chiefly built by Othman. ez-Zenjily, appointed 

 governor by Turan Shah, a brother of Saladin. 



" In this year " (palm-leaf ann. Jag., and W. W. Hunter, Stirling giving 1 174), Madan Mahadeva 

 succeeded by Anang Bhim Deo, now king of Orissa. — He built the great temple of Jaganath, and 

 reigned " twenty-seven years." 



" 1 176, Jan. 25th " (Nicol., see also Alst.), a synod at Northampton. Wherein an unsuccessful 

 attempt was made by the archbishop of York " to compel the Scotch bishops to acknowledge his 

 jurisdiction." 



"The same year" (Blair), in England, the dispensing of justice by Circuits, first appointed. 



"The same year" (rudim. chron. Lond.), London bridge commenced by Peter Coleman, a priest 

 of Colechurch. 



" In this year (= 572 A. H." of Ferisht, Elph.), Shahab-u-din, associate sultan of Ghor and 

 Ghazni, commencing operations against Hindustan by the capture of Uch, at the junction of the 

 rivers of the Panjab with the Indus. 



" 1 1 77 A. D." (Nicol.), a synod at Tarsus. For the reunion of the Armenians and Greeks. 



"117S A. D. (= 575 A. H." of Ferisht., Elph.), unsuccessful expedition against Guzerat by 

 Shahab-u-din ; who however overran Sind to the seashore. 



"In this year" (Clavig. ii., and Humb. ii. 0), the Nahualtecs making their appearance on the 

 Mexican table-land : like the Chichimecs, speaking the Toltec language. 



Dioscorea saliva of Tropical America. Cultivated by the Waraus of the delta of the Orinoko * — • 



* Dioscorea alata of Tropical America? Cultivated by the Waraus (Schomb.), and called in 

 Carib "couchou " — (Descourt.). Westward, from an early period cultivated by the Polynesians, 

 and observed by myself on the Taheitian, Samoan, and Tongan groups, and on the Feejeean consti- 

 tuting the main support of the population : called in Taheitian and Tongan " ubi " (Forst., and A. 

 Dec), or according to Hale, " uhi '' or " uh' " on Rotuma, " uhi " or " ui " or " ufi " by Polynesians 

 generally, " uvi " by the Feejeeans, and according to Blanco, "ubi" by the Tagalo of the Philip- 

 pines, and "quinampai " on Zebu : was also observed under cultivation in the Malayan Archipelago 

 by Rumphius v. pi. \z\ ; is enumerated by Mason v. p. N13 as wild in Burmah ; in Hindustan, has 

 no Sanscrit name (Roxb. iii., and Pidd.), but was seen there under cultivation by Rheede vii. pi. 38, 

 and myself, and is given by Graham as " wild in both Concans." Farther West, the purple yam was, 

 observed by myself on Zanzibar, and was said to be also cultivated on the neighbouring main land 

 by African tribes. (See Colocasia antiquorum). 



Colocasia saglttifolia of Tropical America. Cultivated by the Waraus (Schomb.), and called in 

 Carib "ouaheu " — (Descourt.) : the "agi's" cultivated by the natives on Hayti, are described by F. 

 Roman Pane 26 as "certain roots like turnips and some like radishes" (F. Columb.) ; according to 

 Oviedo nat. hyst. 80 and gen. hist. vii. 3, the " ajes " are distinct from batatas and resemble the great 

 turnips "nabos grandes " of Spain ; and C. sagittifolia was observed in the West Indies by Plumier 

 iv. pi. 35. Farther North, the "cocushaw" of the aboriginals on the Roanoke, growing in marshy 

 places and after expressing a poisonous juice used for making bread (Hariot, in be Dry i.), may be 

 compared; C. sagittifolia continues to be cultivated from Florida to Carolina, and is called tamer 

 (Pursh, Muhl., Ell., Baldvv., and Mc. Euen), the leaves very large. By European colonists, was 

 carried to the Mauritius Islands, where it is called " tongo " (Descourt.; see also C. antiquorum). 



Cedrela odorata of Eastern Equatorial America. Employed by the Waraus of the delta of the 

 Orinoko for making canoes — (Schomb. edit. Ralegh) : observed in the West Indies by P. Browne pi. 

 10 ; and within the borders of Peru, by Ruiz and Pavon (Pers.). By European colonists, was carried 

 Westward across the Pacific to the Philippines, where "plenty of cedar " called "calanta" was found 



