722 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



"1225 A. D. = 'pao-tsing,' 1st year of Li-tsoung, of the Soung" or Twenty-first dynasty — (Chi- 

 nese chron. table). , , 



" May 15th" (Nicol.), a synod at Paris. Louis VIII. treating with the pope s legate, ceded his 

 rights against the English, and prepared to march against the Albigenses or " heretics." 



"The same year " (rudim. chron. Lond.), by the English parliament, a subsidy granted the king 

 on condition of the confirmation of Magna Charta : the earliest instance of combining " a grant of 

 supply with a redress of grievances," and thus establishing " a check on the king's prerogative." 



"1226 A. D. ^623 Hej.," Pall. trav. i. 192), date of "twenty-two" Arabic inscriptions in the 

 cemetery of the ruined city of Bolgari, on the Lower Volga. 



" 1227, March 19th " (Alst., and Nicol.), Honorius III. succeeded by cardinal Ugohno de' Conti 

 di Segni, now Gregorius IX., twenty-second pope. Louis IX. le Saint ruling France. 



Veronica officinalis of Northern Climates. Called in Germany " erenbreiss " or "gruntheyl" 

 (Trag.) or " grundheil " from "grind" leprous diseases, in Britain groundheele, in France " herbe 

 aux ladres" from having cured a French king of leprosy (Prior) or " veronique " (Nugent) or "ve- 

 ronica" after the healed French king— (Braunsw.) : the " veranikes " is mentioned by Nicolaus 

 Myrepsus antid. 327 : V. officinalis is described by Tragus i. pi. 68, and Dodoens 40 ; is termed "v. 

 mas supina et vulgatissima " by Tournefort inst. 143 ; and is known to grow from Lapland thiough- 

 out middle Europe (fl. Suec. ii. 12, fl. Dan. pi. 248, and Pers.) ; was observed by Sibthorp in North- 

 ern Greece ; is known to grow also in Siberia (Wats.). Westward, was observed by Hooker on 

 Iceland ; by Drummond, at 53° on the Rocky mountains; by A. Gray in central New York, "cer- 

 tainly indigenous in many places, especially in the Alleghanies ; " by m\self, to all aopearance wild 

 in the forest from the mountains of Western Massachusetts to the environs of Philadelphia. 



" Nov. 18th " (Nicol.), a synod at Rome. The excommunication against the emperor Fredericus 

 II. ' for not proceeding to the Holy land," was repeated. 



"The same year" (Lubke and Lutrow), in Spain, the cathedral at Toledo commenced; — "two 

 hundred" years later the I uilding was finished. 



"The same year" (Desvergers), death of the Tartar chief Jenghis Khan. Whose wars and 

 those of his immediate successors, though directed against Persians and Arabs, contributed to the 

 extension of Muslim power Eastward, in Central Asi.i and towards the frontier of China. He was 

 succeeded by his son Okkodai, now khan of the Tartars. 



Sesbania Aegyptiaca of Equatorial Africa? Called in Burmah " yne-thoo-gyee " (Mason), in the 

 environs of Bombay " shewaree " (Graham), in Egypt " seiseban ; " in which we recognize the " sisa- 

 ban " of Madschul, — and Ebn Baitar : S. Aegyptiaca was observed in Egypt by Alpinus pi. 82, and 

 Delile, and according to Forskal, is planted for hedges on account of its rapid growth, is useful also 

 for firewood, but requires copious irrigation. Eastward, was observed in Hindustan by Rheede vi. 

 pi. 27, Roxburgh, Wight; under cultivation there, by myself; and according to Graham is "a small 

 tree of very quick growth," found by Gibson " cultivated and extensively used in the plain parts of 

 the Deccan as a substitute for the bamboo." Farther East, was observed by Mason "exotic" in 

 Burmah, cultivated by the natives and termed "water-chief," the leaves being applied " to promote 

 suppuration." 



" 1228 A. D." (Elph. iv. 1), the Salonka dynasty succeeded by another dynasty of Hindu kings 

 of Guzerat. 



Indigofera pauciflora of Scinde and the neighbouring portion of Hindustan. Its twigs from 

 early times used for teeth-scrubbers in Scinde and by the Flindus of India — (Badger edit. Varthem. 

 p. 64). 



" 1229, Apr. 29th" (Nicol.), a synod at Westminster. The lay lords refused " to grant to the 

 pope a tenth of all the revenues of England and Ireland, to be employed in the war against the 

 emperor" Fredericus II. 



" 1230 A. D." (Blair), in the University of Paris, several persons killed in the disputes about 

 Aristotle. 



" In this year " (Hugh Davies, and A. Dec. geogr. bot. 627), by the Welsh prince Rhys Grug, 

 land and privileges granted to the physician Rhywallon, to relieve him and his descendants from 

 pecuniary cares in pursuing their medical investigations. — The family were established at Myddfai, 

 have left manuscripts relating to the properties of indigenous herbs, and continued extant until about 

 "1740." 



The encyclopaedic work " De rerum natura" by Thomas Cantipratensis, in this year professor at 

 Louvain (Humb. cosm.). 



" In or about this year" (Ramus., and Stanley edit. ]. Barbara p. 46), Seleucha in Cilicia taken 

 from the Turks by Rubino and Leone, brothers of Armenia. 



'• [231 A. D." (Elph. iv. 1), Ujen captured by Altamsh, and the dynasty of Hindu kings of Malwa 

 terminated. 



