OF ACCOMPANYING ANIMALS AND PLANTS. 737 



patronised Persian Literature, and the " Tabakati Nasiri," a general history of Persia and India, was 

 written at his court. 



Acalypha fruticosa of Tropical Arabia and Hindustan. A birch-leaved shrub called in Tamil 



"hoorhoorya" (Drur.) ; and from early times, eaten as salad, and its mustard-like leaves and seeds 

 used also medicinally : — described by Rumphius v. pi. 96; observed by Burmann pi. 99 on Ceylon ; 

 by Graham, "common in waste places during the rains " as far as Bombay; by Ainslie, and Wight, 

 as far as Bengal ; by Mason in Burmah, enumerated as indigenous. " P. viscosa" seen by Rheede ix. 

 pi. 23 in Malabar, known to grow also on Ceylon (Pers.), is regarded by some writers as not distinct. 



Polanisia chelidonii of Hindustan. A pretty annual with rose-coloured flowers (Graham) ; its 

 pungent seeds in like manner used for mustard from early times : — received by the younger Linnaeus 

 from "Transchaur" (Pers.) ; enumerated by Graham among the plants of the vicinity of Bombay; 

 and observed by Royle, and Wight, in other parts of Hindustan (Drur.). 



Drosera peltata of Hindustan and Burmah. A yellow-flowered sundew^ known from earlytimes : 



— observed by Royle, and Wight, on the " Neilgherries, Bababoodens," avoided by cattle, the leaves 

 curdling milk, and "mixed with salt" said to blister the skin (Drur.) ; by Mason, as far as Burmah. 



Polygala telephioides of Hindustan. From early times used medicinally in catarrhal affections : 



— known to grow in Hindustan (Waring pharm. ind., and Drur.). From transported specimens, 

 described by Willdenow (Pers., and Steud.). 



Mollue;o spergula of Hindustan and Burmah. A species of carpel-weed called in Burmah 

 "gyen-ga" (Mason), in Bengalee "ghimi shak," in Telinga "chatarashi," in Tamil "toora" (Drur.); 

 and from early times, its bitter leaves employed medicinally : — observed by Rheede x. pi. 24 in Mala- 

 bar ; by Graham, a " common " weed " in gardens " at Bombay ; by Ainslie, Roxburgh, and Wight, as 

 far as Bengal ; by Mason, in Burmah, enumerated as indigenous. 



Melanthesa rhamnoides of Tropical Hindustan. A Phyllanthoid shrub called in Tamil " pavala- 

 poola," in Hindustanee "surasaruni " (Drur.) ; and from early times, its leaves and bark employed 

 medicinally : — observed by Rheede v. pi. 44 in' Malabar ; by Nimmo, in "the Concans " (Graham), 

 to and beyond Bombay ; by Ainslie, Roxburgh, and Wight, as far as the Coromandel coast, its bright 

 red fruit making a lively appearance, and in Behar the dried leaves smoked when the tonsils are 

 swollen (Drur.). 



Tragia caunabina of Tropical Hindustan. An annual Euphorbiaceous twiner, covered with 

 stinging hairs, and called in Tamil " sirroo-canchorie," on the Deccan " kanch koorie," in Telinga 

 " trinuadoolagondie " (Drur.) ; its root from early times employed medicinally: —described by N. L. 

 Burmann pi. 63, and known to grow in Malabar (Pers.) ; observed by Ainslie, Roxburgh, and Drury, 

 from Travancore to Coromandel and Bengal, its root in decoction prescribed "as an alterative," and 

 " in infusion in ardent fevers." Transported to Europe, is described by Plukenet aim. pi. 120. 



Casearia anavinga of Tropical Hindustan. A Samydaceous shrub or tree called in Malabar 

 "anavinga" (Drur.), very bitter in all its parts, and from early times employed medicinally: — 

 observed by Rheede iv. pi. 49 in Malabar ; by GraTiam, "a very common shrub " in the environs of 

 Bombay (Graham) ; by Roxburgh, on the banks of the Hoogly and as far as Goalpara, a large tree, 

 its leaves "used in medicated baths, and the pulp of the fruit" diuretic (Lindl., and Drur.). 



Acacia (Albizzia) slipulata of Tropical Hindustan and Burmah. An unarmed tree forty to fifty 

 feet high called in Telinga " konda-chiragu," in Bengalee " amlooki " (Drur.) ; and from early times, 

 its close-grained strong timber valued for furniture and other purposes :— observed by Graham 

 "common on the Ghauts, about Kandalla, etc.," as far as Bombay; by Roxburgh, Wight, and Drury, 

 from Travancore to Courtallum and the mountains North of Bengal ; by Mason, in Burmah. 



CcEsaipiuia sepiaria of Southern Hindustan and Burmah. The Mysore thorn is a woody twiner 

 armed with strong recurved prickles and called in Burmah " hsoo-kyan-bo " (Mason), in Hindus- 

 tanee " Hyder ka jhar " (Drur.), in the environs of Bombay " chillur " (Graham) ; known from early 

 times • —indigenous according to Drury in Mysore ; planted by Hyder Ali around his strongholds as 

 an additional means of defence, and forming an almost impenetrable hedge is generally used "in the 

 Ba<diayat lands of the Deccan," and has become well known throughout the country (Gibs., and 

 Drur.) ; observed also by Roxburgh, and Wight. Farther East, by Mason in Burmah, enumerated 



as indigenous. . 



Jussieua villosa of Hindustan and Burmah. A perennial-rooted herb called in Malabar ca- 

 rambu," in Bengalee " lal-bunlunga " (Drur); and from early times employed medicinally : - 

 observed by Rheede ii. pi. 50 in Malabar ; by Graham, " in moist places at Kandalla, and through- 

 out the Concans," to and beyond Bombay ; by Ainslie, Roxburgh, and Wight, as far as Bengal ; by 



U ™Tagl™Z7mla pa.vifljra of Tropical Hindustan. A large Lythraceous tree called in Telinga 



93 



