738 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



"sinnie," in Telinga ''tsinnie," on the Deccan "chinnie" (Drur.), in Yemen "bortam'' or "schohat" 

 or "anschat" or " daefran " (Forsk.) ; and from early times, employed medicinally: — observed by 

 Forskal p. 161 among the mountains of Yemen, its leaves macerated in water to wash infants afflicted 



"chinangee" (Drur.) ; and from early times, its excellent wood used for ploughs, axe-handles, build- 

 ing and boats : — observed by Roxburgh cor. i. pi. 66, Wight pi. 69, and Beddome pi. 31, from the 

 Neilgherries to the Circars, Courtallum and Bengal (Drur.). 



Cuatifus momoriiica of Tropical Hindustan. Cultivated from early times: — observed by 

 Graham in the environs of Bombay, " cultivated, much like the common cucumber but smoother 

 and larger ; " by Ainslie, and Roxburgh, in other parts of Hindustan, " a good substitute for the 

 common cucumber" (Drur.). 



Trianthcma dccandra of Tropical Hindustan. A prostrate purslane-like annual called in Tamil 

 " vallay-sharunnay," in Telinga " tella ghalijeroo," in Bengalee " gada buni," on the Deccan "bhees 

 khupra " (Drur.) ; and from early times, its root employed medicinally : — was observed by Graham 

 in the environs of Bombay, " a common weed, particularly abundant in moist places ; " by N. L. 

 Burmann pi. 31, Ainslie, Roxburgh, and Wight, as far as Bengal. 



Trianthcma cbcordata of Tropical Hindustan. Perennial and prostrate, called in Tamil "sha- 

 runnay," in Telinga "ghelijehroo," in Bengalee "sabuni,"on the Deccan " nasurjanghi " (Drur.); 

 and from early times, its leaves and tender tops eaten in times of scarcity, and its root employed 

 medicinally: — observed by Stewart in the Punjaub ; by Ainslie, Roxburgh, and Wight, as far as 

 Coromandel and Bengal. 



Xaitclca parvifolia of Tropical Hindustan. A Cinchonoid tree thirty to forty feet high called in 

 Tamil " neer-cadamba," in Telinga " bota-cadamie " (Drur), in the environs of Bombay " kuddum " 

 (Graham) ; and from early times, its timber used for flooring and other purposes : -r- observed by Gib- 

 son, and Graham, " common in the Mawul districts," and " about villages throughout the Concans ; " 

 by Roxburgh, and Wight, from Malabar to Coromandel and Bengal. 



Gardenia guinmifcra of Tropical Hindustan and Ceylon. An unarmed Cinchonoid tree, known 

 from early times : — observed by Law in the Bombay district, "very common about Duddi on the 

 Gutpurba" (Graham) ; by Roxburgh, and Wight, in other parts of Hindustan, and is known to grow 

 on Ceylon, exuding from the buds and wounds in the bark a yellow resin similar to gum elemi (Pers., 

 and Drur.). From transported specimens, is described by the younger Linnaeus. 



Pavetta Indica of Tropical Hindustan. A Cinchonoid shrub, three or four feet high and decidu- 

 ous-leaved, called in Bengalee " kookoora-choora," in Hindustanee " cancra," in Tamil " pavuttay," 

 in Telinga "paputta" or " nooni-papoota " (Drur.), in the environs of Bombay " paput " (Graham) ; 

 and from early times, its fruit made into pickles, its leaves used for manuring fields, and its root 

 employed medicinally : — observed by Rheede v. pi. 10 in Malabar ; by Graham, from hills near Bom- 

 bay "along the Ghauts," and "one of the commonest shrubs at Mahableshwur ; " by Ainslie, Rox- 

 burgh, and Wight, as far as Coromandel, Bengal, Silhet, and Chittagong (Drur.). 



Sperinacoce liispida of Tropical Hindustan a"nd Ceylon. A Cinchonoid annual called in Tamil 

 "nuttee choorie," in Telinga " madana " (Drur.) ; and from early times, its root employed med- 

 icinally :— observed by Rheede ix.pl. 76 in Malabar; by Graham, "common in the rains" in the 

 environs of Bombay; by Ainslie, Roxburgh, Wight, and Drury, as far as Travancore and Bengal; 

 and is known to grow on Ceylon (Pers.). 



Vernonia cinerea of Tropical Hindustan. From early times, used in decoction to promote 

 perspiration in fevers : —observed by Rheede x. pi. (4 in Malabar; by Graham, in the environs of 

 Bombay "a common weed during the rains ; " by Ainslie, Roxburgh, and Wight, in other parts of 

 Hindustan; by Burmann pi. 96011 Ceylon; and is described by Rumphius vi. pi. 14. Transported 

 to Europe, is described by Plukenet pi. 177. 



Dccmia extensa of Tropical Hindustan. A frutescent Asclepioid twiner, called in Bengalee 

 " chagul-bantee," in Tamil •■ vaylie-partie " or " ootamunnie," in Telinga "jutuga," in Hindustanee 

 "sagowama," on the Deccan " oobrun " (Drur.); and from early times, employed medicinally — 

 observed by Law, and Graham, in hedges and on bushes from Bombay to Ahmednuggur "and almost 

 everywhere," next to "the commonest" of its tribe; by Ainslie, Roxburgh, and Wi-ht as far as 

 Bengal and the Himalaya, yielding a fibre "recommended as a fair substitute for flax" (Drur) 



Erythraa Roxburgh™ of Hindustan. An herb, powerfully bitter, and from early times held in 

 great repute as a tonic : — observed by Roxburgh, and Wight, in the peninsula and Bengal "com- 

 mon in cultivated fields after the rains." 



Bignoma (Stereospermum) chelonoidcs of Tropical Hindustan. A large pinn.ite-leaved Bio-no- 

 nioid tree called in Tamil "pompadyra marum," in Telinga " tagada " or " kalighootroo," in Malabar 

 "padne-marum " (Drur.), in the environs of Bombay " padree " or " purrul " (Graham) ; and from 



