754 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



zilian "ietica" (Marcgr. pi. 16), in Peru " camote " (C. P.), a word according to Humboldt of Mexi- 

 can origin, in Ouichua "apichu," in the Quito dialect " cumar " (Markh. p. 234), and cultivated from 

 early times : *— "boiled roots to eat not unlike chestnuts in taste " were offered to Columbus by the 

 natives of Cuba (F. Columb. 28, or in the words of Gomara 16) "batatas que son ra)-zes dulces," and 

 some of these roots were carried by Columbus to Spain. Westward, B. edulis was observed by myself 

 under cultivation on Metia, Taheiti, the Hawaiian, Samoan, and Tongan Islands, not only the Ameri- 

 can variety, but other varieties unknown in America ; also on the Samoan Islands and New Zealand, 

 a slender-rooted kind that according to New Zealand tradition was brought from those islands at 

 an early period. B. edulis was said to be cultivated on one of the outer Feejeean islets ; and on 

 Taheiti, the Tongan, Samoan, and Feejeean Islands, I remarked seemingly the same species spring- 

 ing up spontaneously, usually as a weed in cultivated ground, but distinguished by the natives and 

 its" root not used. By Oviedo, B. edulis was introduced into Spain (A. Dec); roots were seen there 

 by Clusius hist ii. 77, and the living plant is described by Monardes, and Lobel ; was observed by 

 Hasselquist in Palestine; by Clot-Bey, recently introduced into Egypt; by Grant, under cultivation 

 from Egypt to Zanzibar: by myself, the American variety on Zanzibar, also in the markets of Mocha, 

 Muscat, and Bombay. By European colonists also, was carried Westward across the Pacific to the 

 Philippines, observed there by P. A. Mozo, Blanco, and myself, called " camoti " in Tagalo, and sev- 

 eral varieties distinguished by the natives ; to the Moluccas by the same route (Rumph. v 308) ; to 

 Japan, called there "imo " or "kara imo" (Thunb.) ; to China, called there '• hoan-xy," and to Anam 

 (Lour.): to Burmah, called there " ka-zwon '' (Mason): to Hindustan, observed by Rheede vii. pi. 

 50 in Malabar, called there "kappa-kalenga," and in Telinga " grasugada "or " chillagada " (Drury), 



* Aitona mnricala of the West Indies and neighbouring portion of Tropical America. The 

 sour-sop is a small tree, called in Carib "alacalyoua" (Desc), and known from early times : — the 

 "guanabano " was observed by Oviedo nat. hyst. 63 and hist. gen. viii. pi. 17 frequent on the islands 

 and in Tierra tirme, bearing fruit like pine-cones ; "guanavana" fruit, bv Cieza de Leon xxvii to 

 lxvi from the Cauca valley throughout Lower Peru ; bv myself, large and depressed as though by its 

 own weight in resting along a branch, in market at Lima: A. muricata was observed by P. Brown, 

 Swartz, and Macfadven, wild throughout the West Indies ; by Merian pi. 14 in Surinam, wild there 

 according to Splitgerber but growing around plantations. Bv European colonists, was carried to 

 Southern Brazil, where according to Martius it tends to escape from cultivation ; to the opposite 

 African coast, cultivated at Sierra Leone (fl. Nigr.) : to Ceylon (Burm., and R. Brown) ; to Hindus- 

 tan, "in gardens Bombay" (Graham), and sparingly cultivated in Madras (Drur.); to Burmah 

 (.Mason) ; to Java, where its fruit is held in estimation (Graham); and in French colonies is called 

 " corossol " or "cachiman" (A. Dec). 



Pasiijlora quadran^ularis of the West Indies. The fruit called " grenadilles " known to the 

 ancient Mexicans, — according to Humboldt i v. 9: the "granadilla" delicious and fragrant seen bv 

 Cieza de Leon xxviii on the Upper Cauca, described in a letter from Peru to Monardes in 157S. is 

 clearly the highly-esteemed fruit sold under the same name at Lima, but I did not meet with the plant 

 producing it. P. quadrangularis was observed by Jacquin am. pi. 143 in the woods of Jamaica 

 (Pers.) ; is cultivated in certain French settlements for the sake of its root, which is "powerfully 

 narcotic," or according to Martius " emetic," and its fruit "is a common article in a Brazilian des- 

 sert " (Lindl.). By European colonists, was carried to Hindustan (ms. note to Graham); and to 

 Burmah (Mason). 



Tacsonia sp of the South American Andes. — The "grenadilles " of Humboldt are however 

 described by him as the fruit of different species of Passiflora and Tacsonia. The species of Tacsonia 

 are I think confined to South America, to the Andes from Bogota throughout Peru. 



Clirysopliyllum cainilo of Tropical America. The slar-,ipplc or " eaymito " cultivated from time 

 immemorial in the West Indies, — but nowhere found decidedly wild (A. Dec.) : "eaymito" fruit was 

 seen by Cieza de Leon xlvi to lxvi at Puerto Viejo and farther South in Lower Peru : C. cainito is 

 described by Oviedo gen. hist. viii. 3; is termed "cainito folio subtus aureo" by Plunder x. pi («); 

 was observed by Sloane ii. 170 on Jamaica, not indigenous, but sowing itself and extending bc\ond 

 cultivated ground ; by Jac quin am. 52, in other parts of the West Indies : is ki.ou n to occur Tn Carac- 

 cas and as far as Peru (Humb. and Kunth iii. 236). By French colonists, is called " caimitier " or 

 " cainitier," but from the slight value of its fruit has seldom been transported beyond the American 

 continent (A. Dec.) ; was observed by Mason "exotic" in Burmah. 



Lvciima cauiiiio of the Eastern declivity of the Peruvian Andes. Another Sapotaceous tree 

 called "caimito" (A. Dec), its fruit of superior quality known from early times, and possibly the 

 " eaymito " in question : — L. caimito was observed by Ruiz and Pavon iii. pi. 240 on the Peruvian 

 Andes (Pers.) ; and according to A. Decandolle extending into Brazil. 



