OF ACCOMPANYING ANIMALS AND PLANTS. 759 



"In this year " (Way pref. pr. pm.), the most highly esteemed of medieval dictionaries, the catho- 

 hcon or summa of Johannes Januensis de Balbis completed. — The work is quoted by Galfridus pr. 

 pm., and was first printed "in 1460." 



Teucrium scorodonia of Europe and the adjoining portion of Asia. Called in Britain wood-sage 

 (Prior), in which we recognize the S \ L gl \ S I L V e S t r I S of Johannes Januensis cath., — identified 

 by Galfridus pr. pm. with the "ambrosia," and translated " wylde sawge " in the Ortus vocab. : T. 

 scorodonia is termed "chamsedrys fruticosa sylvestris melissae folio" by Tournefort inst. 205, " t. syl- 

 vestre " by Lamarck fl. fr. ; and is known to grow in woods throughout middle Europe as far as Britain 

 (Pers., and Curt. lond. v. pi. 40). Eastward, was observed by Sibthorp, and Chaubard, in the Pelo- 

 ponnesus. 



"About this time" (Klapr. direst, p. vii and 249), Aisin Gioro elected chief by Tungusi tribes 

 associating along the Sounggari above its confluence with the Amour. The new nation received the 

 name of " Mandchou." 



Tombs covered at great expense with large stones, not uncommon in Daouria, are claimed by 

 the Tungusi* as those of their ancestors — (Pall. trav. iv. 342). The Tungusi are further described 

 by Pallas as having the face broader and more flattened than the Mongols, but their language manners 

 and costume much resembling those of the Bouriates Mongols ; their hair black and long, with very 

 little beard. 



Rhododendron chrysanthum of (he mountains of East Siberia as far as Kamtchatka. A low 

 shrub called by the Tartars " schei " tea, by the Koibales " kaschkara," by the Cossacks on the 

 Upper Yenisei " sabyna-trawa," in Daouria by both natives and Russians " tchernogriff " or " kelarsk " 

 (Pall.), and from early times employed medicinally: — observed by Steller, its leaves intoxicating a 

 tame deer, and employed in consequence by his Russian servants to intoxicate themselves ; observed 

 also by Gmelin iv. pi. 54 in East Siberia ; by Sokolof, on the high mountains of Daouria ; by Pallas 

 iv. 532 and fl. i. pi. 30, on the mountains along the Upper Yenisei. Its medicinal properties are 

 commended by Koelpin (Lindl.). 



" In this year " (mission to Ava p. 79), ten Chinese envoys_ murdered at the Burmese court for 

 insisting on wearing boots in the royal presence. 



" 1287 A. D." (M.irco Polo, and Paulh. 360), Nayen commanding in Eastern Tartary, and who 

 had been baptized a Christian, conspiring against his relative Khoubilai-Khan, and defeated by him 

 in battle. 



" March 18th " (Nicol.), a synod at Wurtzburg. " A levy of the tenth penny on all ecclesiastical 

 property " was obtained by the pope. 



" The same year " (Lubke and Lutrow), in Sweden, the cathedral at Upsal commenced ; under a 

 French architect, Estienne de Bonneuil. 



" 1288 A. D." (art de verif), Gouda succeeded by Fusimi, cousin of " Fikakusa," and now dairo 

 of Japan. 



"Feb. 15th" (Nicol.), Honorius IV. succeeded by cardinal Jeronimo, now Nicolaus IV., thirty- 

 fifth pope. Philip IV. le Bel ruling France; and Margaret?, Scotland. — Under the pontificate of 

 Nicolaus IV., " the commencement of the year at Rome was fixed at Easter." 



Simeon de Cordo Januensis, physician to pope Nicolaus IV., at this time writing. He had visited 

 Sicily and the Greek islands — (Spreng., and Pouchet). 



Pimpinella dissecta of Western Europe. The S&.X I f !"<!$ &. distinguished from the p I m pi- 

 ne L L&. by Simeon de Cordo, differing according to a proverb in having no hairs, — mentioned also by 

 Matthasus Sylvaticus pand. 573 f. 162 (Spreng.), may be compared: the "saxifraga" of the drug- 

 shops is described by Ruel iii. 85 as smoother than the "pampinule: " P. dissecta is described by 

 Dodoens p. 315 (Spreng.) ; is known to grow in woods from Paris to the Mediterranean (Retz obs. 

 iii. pi. 2, Thuill, and Thore), according to Lindley, the medicinal "effects as in P. saxifraga " 



Pimpinella magna of Western Europe. Much resembling the preceding, — but regarded as 

 distinct : described by Miller, and Linnaeus : observed by Scopoli in Carniolia ; known to grow from 

 Denmark to the Mediterranean (fl. Dan. pi. 1155, Engl. bot. pi. 408, Jacq. austr. pi. 396), and 



* Ribes procumbens of Daouria. Called there " mochovaia smorodina," known from early times, 

 — and observed by Pallas iv. 362. 



Pyrus baccata of East Siberia. Called beyond Lake Baical " iablotchki," its fruit resembling a 

 little apple and known frjm early times, — observed by Pallas iv. 142 abounding on the Selenga ; 

 known to grow also on the Schilka river of Daouria (Pers.). 



Ulmus microphylla of East Siberia. A small tree called beyond Lake Baical "ilimovnik," and 

 known from early times, — observed by Pallas iv. 143 abounding on the Selenga. 



