770 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



the Canadian branch of the Upper Arkansas. Beyond these limits, though known to Chapman only 

 from "the upper districts," was seen by Baldwin at St. Mary's, by Croom as far as 30 30', and is now 

 cultivated throughout our Atlantic States. Transported to Europe, is described by Duhamel ; was 

 seen by Forskal in gardens at Constantinople, by Clot-Bey in the gardens of Egypt. 



known to grow in Michigan, and along the Atlantic from Lat. 43 30' (A. Gray) ; was observed by 

 myself from 47° to 39° ; by Schweinitz, at 36 ; by Elliot, in South Carolina; by Michaux, from Penn- 

 sylvania to Florida; by Chapman, in "Florida, and northward;" by Croom, as far as 30 30' ; and 

 by Baldwin to 30° ; by Short, in Kentucky; by Darby 153 in Louisiana; by Humboldt and Bon- 

 pland, at Real del monte, 1420, in Mexico (Steud., and Kunth). 



J'accinium (Gaj lussacia) dumosa of Northeast America. The hairy huckleberry, having inferior 

 hairy fruit, eaten by the natives from early times: — known to grow along the coast from 43 30' 

 (A. Gray) ; observed by myself from 42 30', in bogs near Salem, throughout peninsular New Jersey 

 to 38° in the Delaware peninsula; by Michaux, from Virginia to Florida; by Elliot, in South Caro- 

 lina; by Baldwin, in Florida (Collins); by Chapman, "Florida to Mississippi, and northward." 

 Transported to Europe, is described by Andrews pi. 112, and Aiton. 



Diospyros ]'ii giniaiia of Northeast America. The "piakmine" ox persimmon called by the 

 Louisiana natives " ougoufle " — (Bossu trav. 349) : loaves made of the substance of prunes "like 

 unto brickes, also plummes of the making and bigness of nuts and have three or four stones in them," 

 were seen bv De Soto on the Mississippi (soc. Hakl.) ; " mespilorum genus," by Le Moyne in Florida; 

 "mespila" unfit to eat until soft and tender " rutilo colore," by Hariot on the Roanoke (De Bry i.) ; 

 " pessemmins," by Strachey on James river; and "medlars" on the Hudson, by the remonstrants 

 against the policy of Stuyvesant : D. Virginiana is known to grow from about 41 30' in New England 

 (F. A. Mx., and A. Gray) and on the Mississippi (Long's Exp.) ; was observed by F. A. Michaux 

 throughout the Southern and Western States; by Elliot, in South Carolina; by Croom as far as 

 30 30'; by Bartram to 2S ; by Chapman, " Florida to Mississippi, and northward;" bv Nuttall, on 

 the Arkansas, and var. "pubescens ; '' by E. James, as far as the junction of the Canadian. 



Ipomoea pandurata of Northeast America. Called by the natives "mechameck" (Lindl.), and 

 known from early times : — the "galbanum mechoacon otherwise called rubarbum album " was em- 

 ployed medicinally by Dr. Bohun on the James river in the time of Strachev 31 : I. pandurata was 

 observed by Torrey as far North as 41° on the Atlantic ; by Michaux, in Virginia (Pers.) ; by Elliot, 

 in South Carolina ; by Baldwin, as far as Matanzas in Florida ; by Chapman, " Florida to Mississippi ; " 

 by Nuttall, on the Arkansas; by Short, in Kentucky; and was received by A. Gray from Illinois. 

 The powdered root "requires to be given in larger doses than jalap" (Lindl.). 



Colhnsonia Canadensis of Northeast Ameiica. The rich-weed or horse-balm, from early times 

 used by the natives against the bite of the rattle-snake — (Kalm trav. i 197, and Forst. cat.): C. 

 Canadensis has been observed by myself along the Atlantic from 43^; by Bartram, at 40 ; bv 

 Schweinitz, at 36° ; by Pursh, from Canada to Carolina (Benth.) ; by Nuttall, on the summit of 

 Table mountain in North Carolina; by Elliot, on the mountains of Carolina; by Chapman, "Florida 

 to Mississippi, and northward ; " by Short, near Lexington in Kentucky ; by A. Gray, as far as Mich- 

 igan. From transported specimens, is described by Linnjeus. 



Laiirus (Benzoin) oaoiijernm of Northeast America. The spice-bush or fever-bush, known to 

 the natives from early times : — "a precious gem called wine benjamin, that they say is excellent for 

 perfumes," procured according to Higueson from "trees" growing near Salem : B. odoriferum has 

 been observed by myself along the Atlantic from 43 to 38 ; by Schweinitz, at 36 ; by Elliot, in 

 South Carolina; by Michaux, from Canada to Florida; by Baldwin, as far as 31°; by Chapman, 

 " Florida, and northward," a " shrub six to ten feet high ; " by Short, in Kentucky ; by Long's Exp., 

 on the Mississippi as far as 41 ; and by Nuttall, on the Arkansas. Transported to Europe, is 

 described by Plukenet aim. pi. 139, and Commelyn hort. pi. 97. 



Moms rubra of Northeast America. The red mulberry, known to the natives from early times: 

 — "mulberrie trees" were observed by De Soto frequent on the route to Apalache ; "mulberry- 

 trees," by Strachey on James river, planted around native dwellings, and said to grow naturally in 

 some parts of the country in groves; and "mulberries" on the Hudson, are enumerated by 'the 

 remonstrants against Stuyvesant: M. rubra was observed by F. A. Michaux from Lat. 45 on the 

 Connecticut river and Lake Champlain Westward and Southward throughout Ohio, Kentucky, and 

 Tennessee, but rare in the lower portion of our Southern States; bv Schweinitz, at 36° ; by Chap- 

 man, in "rich woods, Florida, and northward;" by N. A. Ware, in Florida and Ope'lousas ; by 

 Long's Expedition, on the Mississippi as far as 41 ; by Nuttall, and Pitcher, on the Arkansas, and 

 by E. James on the Lower Canadian. From transported specimens, is described by Linnjeus. 



Castanea pitmila of Northeast America. The chinquapin, called " cheebniquamins " by the 



