OF ACCOMPANYING ANIMALS AND PLANTS. 789 



valleys of Pachacamac, Rimac so named from a speaking statue, Chancay, and Huaman ; all under 

 the rule ot Cuysmancu, who submitted to the conditions of peace* 



•♦ ., Am 5* er ° bj ' ects of worsh 'P was " the fox, which they respected for his cunning and sagac- 

 ity " — (G. de la Vega vi. 30). s & 



" 1351 A. D." (Gaubil, and Pauth. p. 373), by Chun-ti III., extensive works undertaken to change 

 the course of Hoang-ho river. 



" In this year " (Major pr. H. 34), the " Isola de la Legname " (Madeira), " Porto Santo," " Isole 

 deserte," and the Azores, on a map made by a Genoese, — and now in Florence. 



"March 20th (= 752 A. H. Moharram 21 " of Ferishtah, as. res. vii. 175, and Elph.), Mohammed 

 loghlak succeeded by Firuz Toghlak now sixteenth sultan of Delhi. — In "1356," he received em- 

 bassies from Bengal and the Deccan, thus acknowledging their independence. 



"About five hundred years ago " (Campbell, and Royle fibr.), the art of making paper introduced 

 from China into Nepal : t — " many of the books in Nepal written on this paper are of considerable 

 age" (Drur.). 



" 1352 A. D. (= 2012th of Synmu," art de verif.), Siukouo succeeded by Kouo-gen II. or Go- 

 Kouo-gen, now dairo of Japan. 



" The same year " (Pauth. 374), in China, remarkable earthquake at a city of Chen-si, continuing 

 a " hundred days : " discovery of "five hundred bows, nine to ten feet long," and of a pattern unknown 

 to antiquity. And in the same year, beginning of the rebellion of Tai-tsou against Chun-ti III. 



" The same year " (Alst. p. 307, and Blair), the Turks entering Macedonia in numbers and dis- 

 turbing the country, first establish themselves in Europe. 



"Dec. 18th" (Alst., and Nicol.), Clemens VI. succeeded bv cardinal Stephen Aubert, now 

 Innocentius VI., forty-third pope. Charles IV. ruling Germany and Italy ; and John II., France. 



"The same year," Ebn Batuta journeying from Sigilmisa South across the Sahara. At Abu 

 Latin, the first district of Sudan, the sister's sou is the heir; a custom witnessed by him "only among 

 the infidel Hindus of Malabar." Thence, after "ten days," he reached the village of Zaghari, "large 

 and inhabited by black merchants" (Barabra), together with "a number of Whites of the Ibazia 

 sect of heretics ; " and next, the town of Karsanju on the " great river " (Niger). Thence the river 

 flows to Kabara ; Zaga (Sego), the inhabitants of which were the first to embrace Islamism ; Tam- 

 bactu, and Kawkaw, both of which places he visited ; Muli, " the extreme district of Mali ; and Yuwi, 

 "the greatest district of Sudan," where white persons are killed if they attempt to enter. At Mali 

 (Melli of Leo Africanus, and Denham), high trees and rain water were abundant. — Returning North- 

 ward, Ebn Batuta visited Bardama, Nakda, the copper mines, the territories of. Hakar where the 

 inhabitants are Berbers, and next reached Sigilmasa. 



1354 A. D. (= "3d year of Kouo-gen II.," art de verif.), visit of the cubo Takaudsi to Kouo- 

 gen II. 



1355 A D. (= "4th year of Kouo-gen II.," art de verif.), the cubo Takaudsi sent by Kouo- 

 gen II. to quiet disturbances. 



"The same year" (Alst. p. 397), at Rome, Charles IV. crowned emperor by two legates from the 

 pope : after having promised to depart immediately afterwards from Rome and Italy. 



" In this year " (Spreng.), Jacobus de Dondis, according to his own account, writing. 



Cnidium apioides of central Europe. The S I L € r mOntknumof Jacobus de Dondis — is 

 referred here by Sprengel : C. apioides is described by Tilli hort. pis. pi. 39 ; is termed "laserpitium 

 silaifolium " by Murray (Steud.) ; was observed by Villars in Dauphine" ; and is known to grow in 

 rough stony places in Carniolia and Austria (Jacq. austr. app. pi. 44). 



" 1356, May 16th to 24th " (Nicol.), a synod in London. " A tenth of the revenues of the clergy " 

 granted to the king for one year. 



"Sept. 19th" (Blair), the French defeated at Poitiers and their king John taken prisoner, by 

 Edward the Black prince. 



* Salix Humboldtiana of Western Peru. The Peruvian willow, a tree with ascending branches, 

 in the distance readily mistaken for Populus fastigiata : the great fortress built by the lncas in the 

 Guarco valley contains " willow beams " — according to Markham edit. Ciez. p. 259: S. Humbold- 

 tiana was observed by myself everywhere planted for ornament in Lower Peru. From transported 

 specimens, is described by Willdenow (Steud.). 



f Daphne papyracea of the Himalayan mountains. The "setburosa" or Nepal paper-shrub may 

 have been at once used: — it is termed " d. cannabina" by Wallich, "d. odora" by Don fl. Nep. 68; 

 is known to grow in Khasia, Silhet, and Nepal, in oak forests and on the most exposed parts of the 

 most snow-covered mountains throughout the province of Kumaon, and the paper prepared from it is 

 in great request for records in the country around, being "almost as durable as leather" (Campb., 

 Murray in as. res., and Drur.). 



