OF ACCOMPANYING ANIMALS AND PLANTS. 



791 



" 1362 A. D." (Blair), by Edward III. in his fiftieth year, as a favour to his people, law-pleadings 

 changed from French to English. 



"September" (Alst, and Nicol.), Innocentius VI. succeeded by William de Grimoard de Beau- 

 voir abbot and lord, now Urbanus V., forty-fourth pope. 



''In or about this year" (Way ed. pr. pm. 318), the Vision of Piers Plowman composed. —A 

 revision was made by the author "in 1377," and a second revision "between 1380 and 1300," 

 (Skeat ed.). 



" 1363 A. D." (Alst. p. 307), Joannes V. made tributary to the Turkish sultan; whose consent 

 from this time became indispensable to the inauguration of Byzantine emperors. 



"The same year" (art de verif.), Mohammed El-Mansur succeeded by Schaban-Aschraf, nine- 

 teenth Memluk sultan of Egypt. A coin issued by Schaban-Aschraf, is figured in Marcel p. 175. 



" 1364 A. D." (Alst. p. 234 and 375), in the presence of the cardinals and pope, an oration by 

 Nicolaus Orem, Against the corruptions of the priesthood. In France, John succeeded as king by 

 Charles V. : who wrote against the tyranny and rapacity of the popes, and caused the scriptures to be 

 translated into French. 



One hundred and seventieth generation. Sept. 1st, 1367, onward mostly beyond youth: the 

 Persian writers, Aly Ben Hussen of Bokhara wr. 1368, Abd al Cuvvy Ben Shedad wr. 1376 (AinsL): 

 the Arab writer El-Demiri d. 1405 (Pouchet) : the Greek writer Catacuzenus d. 1375: Joannes Tau- 

 lerus, Joannes Rusbrochius ; Matthew of Westminster ; Froissart ; Nicholas Flamel : the scholastic 

 theologians, Henricus de Hassia, and Marsilius ab Ingen : the Italian poets, Petrarch, and Boccaccio : 

 the naturalists, Gaston Phoebus d. 1391, Corbichon (Pouch.): the botanists, Conradus de Megen- 

 berg, John Bray, John Ardern : the painter Stefanone d. 1390. 



"In this year" (Humb. cosm. ii.), the Azores Islands, previously discovered by the Normans, rep- 

 resented on Picignano's map of the world. 



"The same year (=ann. Saca 1290," C. Mackenzie as. res. ix. p. 270), date of a Jain inscription 

 at Belligola, under the reign of Bucca-raya. 



" 1368 A. D. = 'houng-wou,' 1st year of" Tchou-youan-tchang, now " Tai-tsou IV., head of the 

 new dynasty of the Ming" (Chinese chron. table). Thepowerof the Lamas now disappeared from China. 



" 1369 A. D." (Maunder), at Paris, the Bastile, a fortress and prison, commenced by Charles V. 

 — The structure was completed in " 1383." 



" In this year (=2d of the houng-wou," geogr. Chin, transl. Klapr. p. 37), tribute and his submis- 

 sion sent by Tchhang king of Corea to the Chinese emperor ; who confirmed him in his title of king. 



"In the first years of his reign " (Pauth. 388, and 398), Tai-tsou IV. received ambassadors from 

 " forty " different foreign kingdoms; including besides Corea, Japan, the island of Formosa, "iles 

 de l'Australie," Sien-lo or Siang, bringing a letter written in golden characters; and from another 

 country, bringing a lion, said to be the first one seen in China. 



" 1370 A. D." (Alst p. 375, and others), John Wiclef, translator of the bible into English, now 

 writing openly against the pope. The papal authority from this time began to be directed against 

 individual members of the church. 



In this year (= " 3d year houng-wou of Tai-tsou," Remus, mel. iii. 89), arrival in China of Kouo- 

 tching, ambassador from Cambodia. 



" In this year " (Velasco, and Markh.), Duchicala succeeded by Atauchi Duchicala, now thirteenth 

 scyri of Quito. 



" Dec. 30th " (Nicol.), Urbanus V. succeeded by cardinal Peter Roger the younger or Gregorius 

 XL, forty -fifth pope. 



Interments in the cave of Gruta das mumias, about twenty miles from Juiz de Fora in Southern 

 Brazil (Hartt in am. nat. 1875), as early perhaps as this date* 



* Gossypium Brasiliense of Tropical America. One of the bodies wrapped in a hammock of 

 coarse cotton threads, united " at intervals of a foot or more by transverse threads : " — the hammocks 

 "ini" or " inni " seen by Lerius "in 1556" in Brazil were made of cotton thread, sometimes like a 

 net sometimes woven into a close cloth ; the same name for hammock is given by Stade, but could not 

 be found by Hartt in the Tupi, Maue"s, nor Mundrucu vocabularies : G. Brasiliense was observed by 

 Macfadyen i. 72 on Jamaica, both wild and cultivated (A. Dec). 



Cecro-hia sft. of Southern Brazil. The burial urns covered outside with a sort of basket-work of 

 the bast of " embauba tinga " — (Glaziou and Hartt). 



Astrocaryum tucuvi of Southern Brazil. A palm, and one of the bodies wrapped in a hammock 

 made of its fibres — (Glaziou, and Hartt), a material perhaps no longer used for this purpose. 



Geonoma pinnatifrons of Eastern Equatorial America. A palm, and fragments of its pinnules 

 found around one of the bodies — (Glaziou, and Hartt) : G. pinnati.'rons is known to grow as far as 

 Caraccas (Pers.). From transported specimens, is described by Willdenow. 



