OF ACCOMPANYING ANIMALS AND PLANTS. 8l7 



the rest spoke the language of the Azanegues or Tawny Moors" (Barabra Race) ; the interpreter 

 go.ng on shore "was detained prisoner, after having in vain tried to negotiate with he natives > and 

 Gonsalves sailed for Portugal. Tristam, after repairing his vessel, combined beyond the Gal lie rock 

 to a cape wh.ch from its whiteness he called Cape Branco, and returned 



A concession was now obtained from the pope "in perpetuity to the crown of Portugal of what- 

 ever lands might be discovered beyond Cape Bojador to the Indies inclusive." The Bull issued- 

 was subsequently confirmed by the popes Nicholas V. and Sixtus IV. 



_ ;' 1442 AD." (Churchill coll., Galvano giving " 1443," see Major pr. H. 91), the captive chief, 

 wishing to return and offering a ransom, was sent back under Gonsalves ; and " handsomely dressed 

 in clothes wh,ch the prince had given him," was set on shore : at the end of a week, "a Moor on a 

 white camel appeared with full a hundred slaves," out of which "ten negroes of both sexes were eiven 

 up m exchange for the two boys," besides "a great number of ostrich eggs," a leathern buckler, and 

 a small quantity of gold dust : " the estuary in consequence received the name of « Rio d'Ouro " 



In this year, in Java, Raden Paku " twelve years of age " resigned by his nurse Niai Gedi Pinateh 

 to the charge of Raden Rachmet. Who brought him up in the Mohammedan religion 



"The same year" (Webb in archsol. Brit, xxi, and R. H. Major in soc. Hakl.), Abd-er-Razzak 

 envoy from Shah Rokh, arriving at Ormuz ; a great commercial city, where " merchants from the seven 

 climates of the world " assemble, "from Egypt, Syria, Anatolia, etc.," men " of all religions, even infi- 

 dels, who traffic in perfect liberty, and to whom justice is equally administered." He was detained in 

 "May" at Kanat (near Muscat), and thence proceeded to Calicut, — and at the "end of April" in the 

 following year reached the city of Vijanagar in Southern Hindustan. Returning, he reached Ormuz 

 "April 22d, 1444," was sent on embassy into Ghilan "in 1446," and died at Herat "in 1482." 



Rosa Indica of China. The China rose probably included among the "roses of all kinds " under 

 cultivation seen by Abd-er-Razzak on approaching Vijanagar, sold in the bazaar sweet-smelling and in 

 constant succession, and regarded by inhabitants "quite as necessary as food:" — R. Indica was 

 observed by Graham in the environs of Bombay " common in every garden and in flower all the year ; " 

 by Roxburgh, in Bengal; by Mason, "exotic" in Burmah ; and is known to be indigenous in China 

 (Pers ). Transported to Europe, is termed "r. rubra Malabathrum" by Cornuti p. 121, who states 

 that it grows more fragrant with age ; is described also by Petiver pi. 35 ; and from Europe was carried 

 to Northeast America, where it continues in greenhouses. 



Rosa microphylla of China. Small-leaved with pale-red flowers ; and possibly among the roses 

 seen by Abd-er-Razzak : — observed by Graham " common in gardens " at Bombay, and known to be a 

 " native of China." Transported to Europe, is described by Don ii. 581, and in bot. mag. pi. 3490 (Grah.). 



Rosa Sinica of China. The Bengal rose, probably among those seen by Abd-er-Razzak : — ob- 

 served by Lush in the Bombay district at Dapooree ; by Mason, "exotic" in Burmah; and known 

 to be indigenous in China (Linn.). Transported to Europe, is termed "r. Bengalensis" by Persoon, 

 "r. semperflorens " by Curtis mag. pi. 284, the flowers red (Pers., and Steud.). 



Rosa glandulifera of Hindustan. White-flowered and called in the environs of Bombay " shewa- 

 tee goolab " (Graham) ; possibly among the roses seen by Abd-er-Razzak : — described by Roxburgh 

 ii. 515 ; and observed by Law near Bombay, "common in gardens at Belgaum, where it is in flower all 

 the year" (Graham). 



" 1443 A. D." (Churchill coll., and Major pr. H. 93), under instructions from prince Henry, Nuflo 

 Tristan passing Cape Branco : "twenty-five miles beyond," in the Bay of Arguin, a small island was 

 discovered from which "twenty-five canoes put out," each containing three or four natives entirely 

 naked and paddling with their feet ; the canoes were pursued and "fifteen " of the natives captured, 

 and after visiting another islet, resorted to by multitudes of herons and other birds for breeding, 

 Tristan "returned the same year with his booty " to Portugal. — On the first-named islet, the fortress 

 of Arguin was built "in 1448." 



" In this year (= 847 A. H." of Ferisht., Elph.), Ahmed Shah succeeded by Mohammed Shah, 

 now third Muslim king of Guzerat. 



" In this year" (San-kokf transl. Klapr.), the Southern portion of Yeso conquered by the Japanese 

 general Nobou-firo.* — His descendants have continued princes there to the present day, and the 

 district is called Matsmaye. 



* Euphorbia Sieboldiana of Yeso and the neighbouring countries. Called "ikatsuka," or by the 

 Japanese "kansui," — and enumerated by Siebold as medicinal. 



Loiiicera brachypoda of Yeso and the neighbouring countries. Called "sui kadsura " by the 

 Japanese, — and enumerated by Siebold as medicinal. 



Lapathum sp. of Yeso and the neighbouring countries. Called by the Japanese " ma daiwo," — 

 and enumerated by Siebold as medicinal. 



Rheum sp. of Yeso and the neighbouring countries. Called "sjunaba," or by the Japanese 

 "stakamaro ; " — enumerated by Siebold as medicinal. 



i°3 



