858 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



tinent to Cape de la Vela; * and returned Eastward as far as the island of Margarita, and thence to 

 Hayti. , 



" 1500, Jan. 26th" (Churchill coll.), arrival at Cape St. Augustin, on the outer coast of the new 

 continent, of Vincent Yanez Pinzon, in the first Spanish ship that crossed the Equator. Continuing 

 Westward, Pinzon followed the coast as far as the mouth of the river Maranon. 



"March " (Galvan, and Churchill coll.), Peter Alvarez Cabral leaving Portugal. Keeping at a 

 distance from Africa " to shorten his way," he was driven out of his course as far as the new continent 

 " in 10° S." Following this coast " to 17 S.," he entered a harbour named by him " Porto Seguro : " 

 and landing, called the new country " Santa Cruz." - (The name '-Brazil" was afterwards substi- 

 tuted, the country abounding in a kind of wood resembling "presillum" or sappan-wood ; see Cassal- 

 pinia echinata). 



"Aug. 23d" (Major 2d edit. lett. 159 to 160), arrival in Hayti of Francesco de Bobadilla, super- 

 seding Columbus, who was sent home in chains ; as appears from his letter written " Nov. 25th," just 

 before reaching Spain. 



"The same year" (Churchill coll., and D'Avezac edit. J. Cart.), from Tercera sailing Northwest, 

 Caspar Cortereal followed the land to " Lat. 50 or more," to a river loaded with glaciers called by 

 him " Rio Nevado ; " his own name was given to the country North of Newfoundland (since called 

 Labrador), and he returned in safety to Lisbon. 



"The same year" (Marcel), Kansu Ujan-balat succeeded by Toman-Bay, forty-first Memluk 

 sultan of Egypt. 



" In this year" (Spreng.), Robertus de Valle publishing his Explic. Plin. 



" The same year" (Alst.), end of the chronicle of Johannes Nauclerus. 



One hundred and seventy-fourth generation. Jan. 1st, 1 501, onward mostly beyond youth: the 

 Arab writers, Ebn Ayyas, Sojuti d. 1505 : the Greek writers. Jacobus Triboles d. after 152X, Deme- 

 trius Zenus d. about 1520, and Leonardus Phortius d. 1531 : Barthelemi de Salignac, Augurellus, 

 Raphael Volaterranus, Albertus Krantzius, Johannes Trithemius d. 1516 (Pouch.), Hector Boetius, 

 Paulus Aemilius, Erasmus of Rotterdam, J. Jovianus Pontanus ; Machiavel ; Baptista Mantuanus ; 

 Alexander ab Alexandro ; Dr. Thomas Lynacre ; Petrus Pomponatius ; Gawin Douglas ; S.innaza- 

 rius; Cornelius Agrippa : the scholastic theologians, Thomas de Vejo Cajetanus, Jacobus Almainus, 

 Sylvester Prieras, Franciscus Victoria, and Dominicus a Soto : the Italian poet Ariosto : the editor 

 Aldus Manutius : the architect Donato Lazzari called Bramante d. 1514: the painters, Leonardo da 

 Vinci d. 1519, Raphael d. 1520, Luca Signorelli d. 1521, Pietro Perugina d. 1524, Lucas Cranach d. 

 1553, Michele Angelo d. 1563, Giorgio Barbarelli called Giorgione d. 1511, Titian d. 1576, Antonio da 

 Corregio d. 1534, Benvenuto Tisio called Garofalo d. 1559: the engravers, Maso Finiguerra b. 1460, 

 Albert Durer d. 1528. 



"The same year" (Alst. p. 361), by the Theological Faculty of Mayence, following the example 

 of the Academies of Paris and Cologne, adoption of the decree of the Conception without sin, " Mariam 

 sine peccato originali conceptam." They who dissented, were termed " Maculists." 



" The same year '.' (D'Avezac edit. J. Cart. ), from Portugal sailing West-northwest, Cortereal 

 on his Second voyage found land at the distance of " two thousand miles," covered with woods and 

 well-peopled, supposed by him a continuation of the Northern land seen on his previous voyage. He 

 followed the coast " six or seven hundred miles," and captured many of the natives ; " fifty " of whom 

 he retained in his own ship, which never returned. The other ship with "eight" natives on board, 

 reached Lisbon " Oct. 8th." 



"The same year'' (Churchill coll.), from Lisbon Juan de Nova sailing in mid ocean discovered 

 "in 8° S." a small island which received the name of "Conception" or "Ascension." In the Indian 

 Ocean, another small island, that which bears his name. — And on re-entering the Atlantic, he found 

 a third small uninhabited island "in 15 S.," which received the name of "St. Helena." 



"The same year" (art de verif.), Toman-Bay succeeded by Kansu El-Gouri, forty-second Mem- 

 luk sultan of Egypt. — The mosque and tomb built by him, is " at the extremity of the bazar Ghoreeh " 

 in Cairo (Wilk. theb. and eg. 297). 



"The same year (= 2161st of Synmu," art de verif.), Tsutsi-Mikaddo succeeded by his son 

 Kasiawabara, now dairo of Japan. 



* Mauritia flexuosa of Guayana. The hammocks seen by Vespucci on the South American 

 coast — in part of fibres of the " ita " palm ; which also furnishes the natives with bread and wine, 

 the pith being converted into flour, and the trunk tapped at a certain season for a saccharine drink 

 (Schomb. edit. Ralegh) : M. flexuosa was observed in the same district by Humboldt and Bonpland 

 (Steud.). From transported specimens, is described by the younger Linnaeus suppl. 454 (Pers.). 



Bromelia caraguaia of Guayana. Called there " caraguata " (Schomb.), and the other material 

 of the hammocks seen by Vespucci — clearly its fibres (Schomburgk edit. Ralegh). 



