860 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



Basque, Breton, and Norman fishermen, in "the first French vessels that appeared on the coasts 

 of North America." According to the Narrative of Niflet and Antoine Maydini, the coast of New- 

 foundland was also visited (chron. edit, by Michelant). 



"1505 A. D." (Galvan.), Francisco de Almeida, bearing the title of viceroy, arriving with. a fleet 

 of twenty sail at Ouiloa, where he built a fort and appointed Peter Fereira to the command. Another 

 fort was established farther South in Sofala by Peter de Anhaya. Crossing the Indian Ocean Al- 

 meida took possession of the island of Augedina, and built forts on the main land at Cananor and 

 Cochin. 



In this year (narrat. edit. Badger), after visiting Mecca, Aden, the Persian Gulf, the coast cities 

 of Hindustan, and Tenasserim, Ludovico di Varthema at Pider in Sumatra.* He next proceeded 

 with other Christians (Orientals) in .1 "chiampana " or small vessel with a native captain and crew 

 to Bandan producing nutmegs, and Monoch producing cloves _, and returning in "June," was informed 

 of people towards the South who navigate by the Southern Cross, the climate beyond the said island 

 being cold, and the day not lasting "more than four hours" — (compare New Zealand). "March 

 12th, 1506," Varthema was under Portuguese protection at Cannanore ; "Dec. 6th 1507," he sailed 

 for Mozambique; and reached Portugal in 1508. 



" 1506 A. D. = 'tching-te,' 1st year of Wou-tsoung-y-ti " or Wou-tsoung II., "of the Ming" or 

 twenty-third dynasty (Chinese chron. table). 



"The same year" (Galvan., and Churchill coll ), on a voyage from Portugal to the Indian Ocean, 

 Tristan da Cunha having passed Brazil turned Eastward, and discovered the uninhabited island or 

 islands that bear his name. 



Arriving at Mozambique, Tristan da Cunha was joined by Emmanuel Telez de Meneses, who had 

 been "driuen without the great island" of Madagascar, and "ran along the coast." The island, 

 reported to be rich in " gengibre, crauo " or cloves, and silver, was visited from Mozambique, but 

 without result. 



"The same year" (Lubke and Lutrow), at Rome, the foundation 01 the first pillar for the cupola 

 of St. Peter's church, laid by Bramante. — The building was placed under the superintendence of 

 Michel Angelo -'in 1546." 



" 1507 A. O." (Churchill coll.), Cuba, already known from native authority to be an island, cir- 

 cumnavigated by Sebastian de Ocampo : who sailed from Hayti. 



"The same year" (Baumg.). Baumgarten visiting Egypt. 



1508 A. D. (= "8th year of Kasiawabara," art de verif.), in Japan, the title "dai-seogun" con- 

 ferred by Kasiawabara on Jositanno, twenty-first in descent from Joritomo. 



" In this year " (Stanley edit. Barbos. p. ix and 62), the Egyptian sultan Kansu el-Gouri, hearing 

 of the depredations of the Portuguese on the Indian Ocean, prepared a fleet ; which sailing down the 

 Red Sea successfully attacked them off Diu, — but "Feb. 3d" in the following year, was totally 

 defeated by Almeida. 



"The same year" (N. Shaw edit. Champl. p. ii, and D'Avezac edit. J. Cart.), by Capt. Thomas 

 Aubert, at the expense of Jean Ango, Norman colonists first carried to Newfoundland ; and a North 

 American native brought back to France. " Aubry, the French seaman," "first explored the mouth of 

 the St. Lawrence in this year" (Asher edit. Huds.). 



"The same year" (Churchill coll.), by John Diaz de Solis and Vincent Yanez Pinzon, the coast 

 of America followed as far as "forty degrees " in south latitude. 



" Dec. 10th " (Blair), signing of the " League of Cambray," against the Venetians. Who in con- 

 sequence, — lost in the following year their territories on the continent. 



" In this year" (Wilk. theb. and eg. p. 546), the use of Knfic Utters ceased. 



" 1509 A. D." (Churchill coll.), a Spanish colony from Hayti established on Jamaica. 



" In this year" (Ciez. vi.), the town of Antigua founded on the Gulf of Darien. — " In the follow- 

 ing year " (Markham edit. p. 34), Alonzo de Ojeda governor of Terra Firma, advancing " four leagues " 

 inland, was defeated with the loss of "seventy Spaniards " by the natives at Turbaco : retiring to the 

 ships, and reinforcements arriving, the natives were in turn defeated, and all put to the sword. Ojeda 

 then founded the town of Uraba towards the head of the Gulf, left Francisco Pizarro in command 

 as his lieutenant, and before the close of the year, sailed for Hayti. 



" 1510 A. D." (Churchill coll.), from Portugal sailing into the Indian Ocean, James Lopes de 

 Sequeira continued beyond Hindustan as far as Sumatra and the Straits of Malacca, now first entered 

 by a European ship. 



* Tanarius major of Sumatra. A tree called in Malay " laka " (Crawf. ), its rose-coloured wood 

 used in dyeing and pharmacy ; and the "lacca" tree formed like our walnuts, seen by Varthema on 

 Sumatra, — is referred here by Badger edit. p. 238. The wood according to Crawford disc. diet. p. 

 204 "is an article of considerable native trade, and is chiefly exported to China." 



