OF ACCOMPANYING ANIMALS AND PLANTS. 867 



Equator ; and landing with most of his men, sent the ship back for supplies. On the return of 

 the ship, he continued South ; — and after much delay, again landing and- sending for supplies, he 

 was joined by other ships bringing James de Almagro " who was at the chief expense of this enter- 

 prize." 



"Towards the end of the year" (Ovied. nat. hyst. f. 14, and Asher edit. Huds. p. xc), Esteuan 

 Gomez, now in Spanish employ, examining the American coast "in 40 and 41° N.;" finding the 

 natives larger than those of Terra Firma, clothed in " cueros " leather, and furs, including "zebelli- 

 nos" sables. His "great river" "in the neighbourhood of the cape De Muchas Islas," — afterwards 

 called by Spanish seamen " Rio de Gamas," is clearly the North or Hudson river (see Spreng.). 



"The same year" (Alst.), Luther's followers including monks who had married and cast the 

 images out of churches, a demand by pope Clemens VII. through his legate in the assembly at Norim- 

 berg, That the elector of Saxony should purge his province of Lutherans. 



" 1525, February" (Alst. p. 521), the French defeated in Insubria, and their king Francis taken 

 prisoner and carried to Charles V. in Spain. — He was released in the following year, leaving as host- 

 ages two sons ; and deeming the conditions unjust, entered into a treaty with pope Clemens VII. and 

 the Venetians. 



" The same year " (Alst. p. 308), Rhodes captured from the knights of St. John by a Turkish 

 fleet. 



" The same year " (Steinschneid. iii. 27), the bible first printed in Hebrew " with perfect 

 masora." Corrected by Jacob ben Chajjim of Tunis. 



" On the first Sunday of Lent " (according to his own account), Cortes on his land-journey from 

 the city of Mexico to Honduras leaving Aculan ; a populous and extensive province under the rule 

 of Apospolon. Having detected a plot for the destruction of the Spaniards originated by his prisoner 

 Quauhtemotzin, the ex-emperor and his assistant were put to death. From Trujillo — he returned by 

 sea, leaving " April 25th," and after visiting Havana " reached the port of Chalchicuela " (Vera Cruz) 

 May 24th. While writing this fifth letter (dated "Sept. 3d, 1526"), a messenger from the Pacific 

 brought news of the arrival of a ship from the " Malucco Islands." 



Jitniperus thurifera of Mexico ? A tree more than twenty-five feet high (Daubeny) ; and the 

 "aromatic resin extracted from the pine tree," used according to Cortes by the natives of Aculan for 

 "incensing their idols," — may be compared : J. thurifera is known to grow in Mexico (Pers.) : but 

 is termed " incenso " by Montigiano (Targ.), "j. hispanica" by Miller, and Lamarck enc. ii. 626, 

 and occurring in' the " kingdom of Murcie and Anatolie " (Cosson iii. 129 and A. Dec), has clearly 

 been transported by European colonists from one continent to the other. 



"The same year" (according to his own account), Oviedo in Hayti, writing his "Natural hystoria 

 de las Indias ; " in which he refers to his " General y natural istoria de Indias." He mentions (ac- 

 cording to Sprengel) Vitis Indica, and Quercus salicifolia. 



Anona squamosa of the West Indies and neighbouring portion of Tropical America. The cus- 

 tard-apple or sugar-apple, called in Mexico "ahate " or "ate " * (Hernand. 340 to 454) ; observed by 



* Anona reticulata of the West Indies. The bullocks-heart or "anon " was observed by Oviedo 

 gen. hist. viii. 18 in the West Indies, its fruit resembling the "guanabano," yellow ; — the " ananes" 

 on Cuba by the Portuguese companion of De Soto 5 ; A. reticulata by Jacquin obs. 223, and Mac- 

 fadyen, wild on the mountains of Jamaica. By European colonists, was carried to Southern Brazil, 

 observed under cultivation by Martius ; and Westward across the Pacific to the Philippines, called in 

 Tao-alo " anonas '•' (Blanco) ; to the neighbouring islands, observed under cultivation by Rumphius i. 

 136 ; to Anam (Lour.) ; to Burmah (Mason) ; to Hindustan, observed by Rheede iii. pi. 30 under 

 cultivation in Malabar, by Roxburgh in Bengal and called "noona" (A. Dec), by Graham "in gar- 

 dens and about temples" in the environs of Bombay, and called "ram-phul;" to the Mauritius 

 Islands (Boj.), and called by the French " cceur-de-bceuf " (A. Dec). 



Lepidium Viiginicum of Tropical and Subtropical North America. A wild peppergrass, appar- 

 ently the " mastue'rgo saluage " seen by Oviedo nat. hyst. 80 growing abundantly : — L. Virginicum 

 was seen in the West Indies by Sloane pi. 123 ; by Humboldt, on the mountain near Caraccas ; by 

 Chamisso, at St. Catherine's in Brazil ; by Baldwin, on Bermuda and at 31 in Florida ; by Croom, at 

 30° 30'; by Chapman, in "waste places, very common;" by Drummond, near Covington in Louisi- 

 ana; by E. James, near the Rocky mountains; by. Michaux, in Illinois; by A. Gray, along "road- 

 sides" in central New York ; by Elliot, in South Carolina ; by myself, in waste places from 38 to 

 43 alone the Atlantic ; and " a plant like Knavers-mustard, called New England mustard," was 

 known to Josselyn rar. 54 before 1670. Transported to Europe, L. Virginicum is described by 

 Morison hist ii. pi. 21, and LinnKus ; and for many years has continued springing up spontaneously 

 in the lazaretto at Bayonne (Godron, and A. Dec). 



Heliconia bihai of Tropical America. Herbaceous and banana-like ; the " bihaos," whose leaves 



