882 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



"In this year" (Schmied. p. vi), Gesner at Montpellier collecting and communicating plants to 

 Rondelet, one of the professors there. 



" 1542, end of May" (D'Avezac edit.), hearing nothing of Roberval, Jacques Cartier decided to 

 return. Approaching the Straits of Bellisle, he met Roberval with two ships ; but refused to turn 

 back, and continued his voyage home to France. Roberval proceeded to the St. Lawrence, — where 

 he passed the winter and remained as late at least as -'July 22d, 1543." 



"The same year" (Spreng.), arrival of Girolamo Benzoni of Milan in the West Indies. He met 

 with the "guanauano" (Anona muricata) pi. 59 on Hayti ; the "mamei" (Afammca Americana), 

 and "guaiaua" (Psidium guayava), on both Hayti and Terra Firma ; distinctly describes chig^ers 

 (Acarus), and a tree producing " zucche '' of which the aboriginals make vases (Crescentia cujete) pi. 

 102 ; — speaks of the Peruvians carrying in their mouths an herb called " coca " {Erythroxylon coca), 

 and having a root called "pape " {Solatium tuberosum) ; and returned to Europe in 1556. His nar- 

 rative was published in Venice in 1565. 



" In this year " (Humb. cosm. ii. note 425), one of the Hawaiian Islands discovered by Gaetano. 

 And outlines of New Holland in the " Hydrography" of J oh. Rotz. 



"In this year" (Galvan.), ships sent by Antonio de Mendoca, viceroy of Mexico, sailing along 

 the Western coast of America came to a place called Sierras Neuadas "in 40 N. ; " where "they 

 saw ships with merchandises, which carried on their stems" alcatrazes and "other birds of gold and 

 silver," and "seemed to be of the Isles of Japan, or of China, for they said that it was not aboue 

 thirtie daies sailing unto their country." 



"The same year" (Churchill coll., and art de verif.), Antony de Mota, Francis Zeimoto, and 

 Antony Peixotto, three Portuguese merchants, driven by storms past China to the " Islands of 

 Nipongi or Nifon," now first visited by Europeans ; and settled there. The islands are by the Chi- 

 nese " called Gipon, and by us Japan." 



" The same year" (Alst. p. 259). by order of Suliman II., the walls of Jerusalem rebuilt, and pipes 

 laid for supplying the city with water. 



" In this year" (Spreng., and Prior), Leon. Fuchsius of the Tyrol publishing his Historia Stir- 

 pium, enumerating Daucus gm^idium 786, S/ac/iys recta 769, Turritis Loeselii 592, " chamaestyrax " 

 Satyrium nigrum (Gesn. ii. fig. 66), I'cronica teuctium S72, Galium syivaticum 281, Epilobium 

 roseum 491, "veronica femina" 167, Linaria spuria, Digitalis lutea 894, " ervum sativum" 572, 

 Lathyrus aunuus, Colutea Orientalis 446, Trifolium campestre 819, "buphthalnmm" 144, Pyrcthrum 

 inodorum, "satyrium trifolium" Habenaria bifolia, Urtica Balearica 106, Salix rubra 334, Polygo- 

 natum verticillatum 586. — He died "in 1565." 



Ranunculus atiricomus of Subarctic climates. Described by Fuchsius 156 — (Spreng.); 

 termed " r. primus sylvestris " by Dalechamp 102S, — " r. nemorosus vel sylvaticus folio rotundo " by 

 Tournefort inst. 285, and known to grow as far as middle Europe (C. Bauh. pin. 178, fl. Dan. pi. 

 665, Curt. lond. ii. pi. 41, and Pers.) : was observed by Linnajus frequent in Sweden ; by Sibthorp, 

 in woods on mount Hamus and around Constantinople ; by Bieberstein, on Caucasus ; by Gmelin, 

 throughout Siberia, and by Thunberg, in Japan. Westward, by Sabine in Greenland, and is known 

 to grow in Labrador (Wats.). " R. affinis, ovalis, brevicaulis," and " cardiophyilus," growing along 

 the Arctic Sea from Melville Island to Cape Mulgrave in Northwest America, also on the alpine por- 

 tion of the Rocky mountains and as far South as Lake Huron, are regarded by Hooker as perhaps 

 not distinct. 



Ranunculus arvensis of Barbary ? Described by Fuchsius 157,* — and Delechamp 1030; 

 termed "r. sylvestris tertius" by Dodoens pempt. 427, '• r. arvensis echinatus " by Bauhin hist. iii. 

 859, and Tournefort inst. 289, and known to occur in cultivated ground throughout Europe (fl. Dan. 

 pi. 219, Curt. lond. vi. 36, and Pers.) : observed by Linnajus in cultivated ground as far as Scania in 

 Sweden ; by Boiss., in Spain ; by Moris, in Sardinia ; by Gussone, in Sicily ; by Sibthorp, and Chau- 

 bard, in cultivated ground from the Peloponnesus to Constantinople; by Bieberstein, in Russia and 

 the Crimea; by C. A. Meyer, Southeast of Caucasus ; but by Munby, in wild situations in Algeria 

 (A.Dec.). 



Nasturtium sylvestre of Europe and Northern Asia. Termed " eruca sylvestris " by Fuchsius 



* Anemone ranunculoides of Northern and middle Europe. Yellow-flowered, described by Fuch- 

 sius 162 — (Spreng.), and Linnasus ; termed "a. nemorosa lutea" by Crantz (Ste'ud.), and known to 

 grow in the Scandinavian peninsula, Denmark (fl. Dan. pi. 140), Holland (prodr. fl. bat. 4), and here 

 and there in Northern France (Lam. fl.'fr.) as far as Paris and the departments ot the Somme (Pauquy) 

 and Eure (Breb.). Regarded by Watson as exotic in Britain and only naturalized, being first noticed 

 by Hudson "in 1778;" seems unknown in Ireland (Mackay), the Channel islands and the depart- 

 ment of Calvados (A. Dec). 



