884 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



inst. 435, fl. Dan. pi. 1232, Jacq. austr. pi. 108, and Pers.) : observed by Rudbeck elys. ii. pi. 213, and 

 Linnaeus, as far as Stockholm; by Sibthorp, and Chaubard, in the Peloponnesus. 



Orchis pyramidalis of Europe and the adjoining portion of Asia. Described by Fuchsius 554 — 

 (Spreng.) ; termed "o. purpurea spica congesta pyramidali " by Ray angl. iii. pi. 8, "o. militaris mon- 

 tana spica rubente conglomerata " by Tournefort inst. 432, and known to grow throughout middle 

 Europe (Jacq. austr. pi. 266, and Pers.) : observed by Bergius in Gothland (Linn.) ; by Decandolle, 

 in France; by Seguieri pi. 15, in the environs of Verona ; by Sibthorp, and Chaubard, from the Pelo- 

 ponnesus to Constantinople. 



" In this year " (Schmied, and Winckl.), after his Medicam. succiduor. " in 1540," Enchirid. plant, 

 "in 1541," Gesner publishing his Cat. plant, latine, graece, germanice, et gallice. 



"October" (Galvan, and Churchill coll.), from Mexico, sailing West, Ruy Lopez de Villalobos 

 at the end of " a hundred and eighty leagues " discovered " two desart islands " in " eighteen degrees 

 and a half of latitude," named by him "S. Thoma and Anublada. Eighty leagues further, they saw 

 another, and called it Roca Portida. Seventy-two leagues beyond it, they found an Archipelago of 

 small islands inhabited by a poor people " (Tarawan coral-range ?). 



" 1543, Jan. 6th," they " passed by ten other islands, which for their pleasantness they called the 

 Gardens, all of them in about nine or ten degrees of latitude " (Micronesian or Caroline Islands). And 

 ' "Feb. 2d" saw land, that proved an island "three hundred and fifty leagues in compass," "a small 

 island near" possessing China-ware, musk, amber, civit, be?ijamin, storax, other perfumes, also some 

 gold. "July 3d " (Stanley edit. De Morga 15 and 394), a protest by " D. Jorge de Castro, governor 

 of Ternate and the Moluccas," against Villalobos for having come with ships "to Mindanao and other 

 Moluccas islands " beyond the prescribed meridian line of demarcation between the possessions of 

 Spain and Portugal. The protest was received "Aug. 9th," and Villalobos replied, That the island 

 where he then was "was within the Spanish limits," and that "he was getting his ships ready to seek 

 another settlement further off from Maluco." The Portuguese governor "Sept. 2d" again requested 

 Villalobos •' to leave the island of Mindanao, which he had confessed he had no right to enter ; " men- 

 tioning also " that according to report he had sent a ship " back to Mexico (in this century a vessel 

 was wrecked on the Hawaiian Islands, and a peculiar Hawaiian head-dress has been conjectured to be 

 modelled after a Spanish helmet; in fact agrees in outline with the helmet figured in the portrait of 

 Legazpi published by the Hakluyt Society edit. De Morga): Villalobos replied "Sept. 12th" that 

 "the islands of Maluco were known by name, and it was known what a different thing it was to trade 

 with countries or to subject them ; " he also " begged of the governor, as their sovereigns were brothers, 

 not to give occasion for quarrels." The fleet of Villalobos "was broken up;" — this collection of 

 documents was drawn up " Feb. 7th, 1 544 " by " Graviel Rebello, judge for the deceased ; " and some 

 of the Spaniards "who remained went away from Maluco through Portuguese India, and returned to 

 Castile." There is " no trace of any protest by the Portuguese against the " Spanish occupation of 

 the Philippines "in 1564." 



" In the spring" (D'Avezac edit), sailing from St. Malo of Jacques Cartier on his Fourth voyage ; 

 under instructions from the king to search for the remains of Roberval's expedition. He was absent 

 "eight months;" and the country on the St. Lawrence was abandoned by the French government — 

 for more than half a century. 



" In this year" (Sieb. eluc. Vries p. 4), one of the Bonin Islands seen by the navigator Bernado 

 de Torres, and named by him Malabrigo. 



"In this year" (Spreng.), Valerius Cordus, son of Euricius, enumerating Anthericum Hliago, 

 "philyrina" Phil/yrea media v. 24, "coralloides altera" Dcntaria pinnata (Gesn. ii. fig. 2), "dama- 

 sonium calliphyllon " ii. 10S Serapias pa/ustris (Gesn. ii. fig. 59), "hippion" 221 Gcntiana Bavarica 

 (Gesn. ii. fig. 83), "moschatella " f 172 Adoxa moschatellina, Cy tints Austriacus f. 187, "pseudocy- 

 tisus" f. 188 Cytisus nigricans, " ixopus " f. 104 Lachica saligna, "corruda" Asparagus amarits, 

 "tulipa turcarum" hist. 213 Tnlipa Gcsncriana (Linn. sp. pi.). — He died "in 1544," and his writings 

 were published by Gesner "in 1561." 



Lythrum hyssopifolium of Europe and the adjoining portion of Asia. A small annual called in 

 Britain grass-poley, the name "grase-poley " being first given it by Cordus — (Prior, and Willd.): 

 L. hyssopifolium is described also by Gesner, Camerarius, C. Bauhin, Barrelier pi. 773, and Ruppius ; 

 is termed "salicaria hyssopi folio latiore " by Tournefort inst. 253 ; is known to grow throughout mid- 

 dle Europe (Engl. bot. pi. 292, and Jacq. austr. pi. 133) ; and was observed by Sibthorp, and Chaubard, 

 frequent in moist places in Greece as far as the Peloponnesus. By European colonists, was carried 

 to Northeast America, observed by myself naturalized in Eastern Massachusetts, often among grass, 

 also by Short in Kentucky ; to Austral Africa, and to Australia (Dec). 



Epipactis latifolia of Europe and the adjoining portion of Asia. Termed "alisma quorundam " 

 by Cordus ii. 150 — (Gesn. ii. pi. 61), " helleborine latifolia montana" by Tournefort inst. 436. "sera- 

 pias latifolia" by Linnaeus, and known to grow in woods from Denmark throughout middle Europe 



