OF ACCOMPANYING ANIMALS AND PLANTS. 889 



Myrosfiermum toluiferum of the Caribbean terminus of the South American Andes. The tree 

 yielding balsam of Tolu, mentioned by Lopez de Gomara - (Spreng.) ; growing on the "mountains 

 ot lurbaco near Carthagena, and extremely common in the high savannahs of Tolu" (Lindl.) and 

 seen wild by Humboldt and Bonpland vi. 375. From transported specimens, described by Miller 

 diet. I, and Woodville. The product according to Lindley is a " warm sweet fragrant solid stimulant 

 balsam, used in " coughs, chronic pulmonary complaints and on account of its flavour." 



" 1554. January" (Alst), arrival in England of an embassy from Charles V., seeking the hand 

 of queen Mary for his son Philip. The proposal was resisted by the people and many of the nobility, 

 even to insurrection : which proving unsuccessful, the queen's half-sister Elizabeth was imprisoned 

 on suspicion. 



"July 25th " (Nicol. p. 337, compare Alst.), marriage of Philip and queen Mary. Many persons 

 in consequence of the national change in religion, seeking refuge in Denmark and afterwards in 

 Germany. 



In this year (Tourn. trav. iii. 257), Astrakan on the Caspian acquired by the Russians. 



"In this year" (Spreng.), after the Italian edition of his commentaries on Diosc, Matthioli pub- 

 lishing a more complete edition, enumerating Astragalus hamosus 641, Cirsium Monspessulanum 

 817, Mercurialis tomentosa 634, Muscari mnschatum, Potentilla nemoralis 674, Santolina squarrosa 

 513, Tanacetum annuum, "fava salvatica" Vicia Narbonensis, " lunaria maggiore " Hippocrepis 

 unisiliquosa, " nardo italiano" Lavandula denlata, " pentafillo bianco" Potentilla multifida, "salcio 

 detto Vinchi " Salix amygdalina, Ornithopus scorpioides 895, Saxifraga nivalis (Bauh. hist. iii. 684), 

 Salvia triloba 711 (Gesn. ii. fig. 23), Saxifraga cuneifolia (Gesn. ii. 'fig. 37), Cortusa Matthioli 698, 

 "phyteuma" Campanula persicifolii, Czackia liliastrum 607, Hyoscyamus Scopolia 753, Plantago 

 Wttlfenii 54, "buglossum alterum flore nigro"826 Lycopsis pulla, "verb, secundum" 800 Verbas- 

 cum pulverulentum, " myriophyllum alterum" 812 Hottonia palustris, " meum " 24 Athamantha 

 Matthioli, Meum mutellina 25, Tori/is nodosa 404, " caucalis " 298 Torilis Helvetica, " ligusticum 

 primum " 547 Laserpitium peucedanoides, " seseli aethiopicum " 550 " Laserpiiium libanotis, " epi- 

 pactis " 806 Astrantia epipactis, Linum maritimum 334, L. tenuifolium 334, Silene saxifraga 694, 

 Cotyledon serrata 787, " cneorum Theophrasti " 872 Saponaria ocymoides, "ledum" 160 Cistus 

 ledum, "aconitum quintum " 765 Ranunculus Couani, "ran. quartum " 458 Anemone narcissiflora, 

 "ran. sextum " 459 Trollius Europaeus, "aconit. quartum" 764 Aconitum Pyrenaicum, "aconit. 

 septimum" 765 Aconitum volubile, " stachys prima" 605 Sideritis Syriaca, Orobanche elatior 409, 

 " draba lutea " 430 Erysimum junceum, " geran. quintum " 623 Geranium reftexum, " securidaca 

 minor" 64c Trigonella polycerata, Lactuca quercina 400, Cacalia alpina 823, "cirsium " 817 Saus- 

 surea alpina, " conyza minor" 629 Pulicaria odora, "asarina" 370 Tussilago alpina, "absinthium 

 marinum primum" 509 Artemisia coerulescens , " helichrysum " 753 Chrysanthemum Italicum, 

 "alisma" 666 Doronicum plantagiueum, "alterum" 762 D. Austriacutn, "aster atticus alter" Buph- 

 thalmum spinosum, "arum" 448 Arum proboscideum, Quercus pseudosuber 181, "nymphaea parva" 

 644 Hydrocharis morsus-ranie. 



Sedum dasyphyllum of Europe and the adjoining portion of Asia. Termed " sempervivum 

 minus femina " by Matthioli 785 — (Spreng.), " s. minus folio circinato " by Tournefort inst. 263, — 

 and known to grow on rocks from the department of Calvados to the Mediterranean (Wachend. ultr. 

 391, Lam. fl. fr , Pers., and A. Dec.) : observed by Sibthorp on the rocks of Crete and mount Par- 

 nassus. In Britain, is first noticed by Dillenius "in 1724," and is regarded as exotic, confined to 

 walls and the close vicinity of gardens (Wats., and Bromf.), but occurs both on walls and calcareous 

 rocks near Cork in Ireland (Mackay, and Power). 



Ligusticum Peloponnense of the mountains of middle Europe, from Carniolia to the Cevennes in 

 France. The "seseli peloponnense " of Matthioli 551 — is referred here by Sprengel : L. Pelopon- 

 nense is described by Linnseus, and Scopoli ; and is known to grow in woods on the above-mentioned 

 mountains (Jacq. austr. v. pi. 13, Hacq. carniol. pi. 5, Lam. fl. fr., and Pers.); but farther South, has 

 not been observed in Greece ; and according to Clot-Bey and Figari, has only recently been intro- 

 duced into Egypt.* 



* Cerasus {Laurocerasus) Lusitanica of America? Described by Matthioli 197 — (Spreng.), 

 Miller pi. 196, and Dillenius elth. pi. 159. Received from Portugal (but evergreen cherries, Lauroce- 

 rasi, have been observed by myself indigenous only in America) ; C. Lusitanica is termed " lauro 

 della Pensilvania" by Gallizioli (Targ.), and the descriptions by Aiton and others agree with L. 

 Caroliniana. 



Ledum palustre of Subarctic climates. The "rosmarinum svlvestre" of Matthioli 576 — (Spreng.), 

 mixed in beer, and sent from North Germany by I. A. Cortusus and A. C. Nissa to Dodoens pempt. 

 ii. 3. pi. 5, clearly corresponds : L. palustre is described also by Linnaeus ; is known to grow in 



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