912 



CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



mountains of Dahuria. Westward, by Hooker, in Iceland ; was received by Steinliauer from Labrador 

 (Collins) ; and is known to grow in Greenland and British America (Wats ). 



Juncus iriglumis of the Arctic region and alpine summits farther South. Observed by Thalius 

 60 — (Spreng.), and C. Bauhin theatr. 22 ; known to grow on the Swiss Alps (Koch) and the Pyre- 

 nees (Gay, and A. Dec); also on the mountains of Britain (Bab.), the Faroe Islands (Wats.), 

 Scandinavian peninsula (fl. Dan. pi. 132, and Fries), Finland, and on Caucasus and the Altaian moun- 

 tains (Ledeb.). Westward, was observed by Hooker on Iceland, and received from the summits of 

 the Rocky mountains. 



" 1587, Feb. iSth " (Blair), in England, Mary ex-queen of Scotland beheaded. 



" In this year " (Spreng.), Dilechamp publishing his botanical writings, enumerating Inula sax- 

 atilis 1201, Polygala Monspeliaca 490, Thymbra verticillata 934, I'icia angustifolia 478, Veronica 

 urticaefolia 1165, Ely m us arenarius 432. Knappia agrostoidea 424, Plantago alpina 1183, Campho- 

 rosnia glabra 1 179, Androsacc chamaciasme 1204, Viola calcarata 1204, Convolvulus saxatilis 817, 

 Ratnondia Pyrenaica 837, Eryngium rigidum 1462, Angelica Pyrenaica 766, Caucalis platycarpos 

 762, Myrrhis aromatica 760, "pyrethrum Gesneri " 1170 Seseli gracile, Oenanthe globulosa 724, Sium 

 verticillatum 718, Ornithogatum latifolium 1583, Moehringia muscosa 1235, Acer Monspessulanum 

 95> Gypsophila rigida 1 191, Helianthemuin tuberaria 1 099, Lamium incisum 1253, Erinus alpinus 

 11S4, Ononis pinguis 449, Coronilla minima 510, Ornithopus perpusillus 486, Astragalus montamis 

 1347, Amopogon Dalechampii 569, Andryala integrifolia 11 16, Conyza sordida 778, Erigeron gluti- 

 nosuin 1201, Chrysanthemum Myconi 873, and Orchis globosa 1556. — He died "in 1588." 



Allhcea hirsuta of the Mediterranean countries. An annual described by Dalechamp 594 — 

 (Spreng.), and Barrelier pi. 1169; termed " alcea hirsuta" by Tournefort inst. 98, and known to 

 grow in Spain, France, Italy, and Austria (Jacq. austr. pi. 170, and Pers.) : observed by Sibthorp in 

 the Peloponnesus. In Britain is marked by A. Decandolle as introduced since 1724, maintaining 

 itself in a single locality in Kent (Engl bot. pi. 2674, Bab., and Wats.) ; occurs also in one locality in 

 Holland, apparently washed down by the Meuse (prodr. fl. bat. 50) ; occurs also in Luxembourg 

 (Lestib.), and seemingly wild at some points in Normandy and the Calvados (Hard., Ren., Lecl.). 



Anthoxanthum odoratum of Northern climates. A sweet-scented grass called in Britain ver- 

 nal grass (Prior), described by Dalechamp pi. 426, — and termed " gramen anthoxanthum spicatum " 

 by Tournefort inst. 51S : known to grow from the Faroe Islands and Lapland throughout Europe to 

 Barbary (fl. Dan. pi. 666, Pers., and Wats.), also in Siberia (A. Dec); and observed bv Sibthorp, and 

 Chaubard, in Greece and on the Bithynian Olympus. Westward, was observed by Hooker in Iceland ; 

 is known to grow also in Greenland and Newfoundland (Wats., and Hook.) ; observed by myself 

 along the Ailantic from 44 to 40 , often in wild situations in the forest ; by A. Gray, "naturalized " 

 in central New York; by Chapman, in "low grounds around the larger cities, Savannah, Charleston, 

 etc., introduced." 



Campanula patula of Europe and the adjoining portion of Asia. Described by Dalechamp 490* 

 — (Spreng); termed "rapunculus angustifolius floribus purpureis amplis " bv Ray extr. 308, "c 

 minor rotundifolia flore in summis cauliculis " by Tournefort inst. 1 12, and known to grow throughout 

 middle Europe (Dillen. elth. pi. 58, fl. Dan. pi. 373, Engl. bot. pi 42, and Pers.) : observed by 

 Hooker in Iceland; by Linnasus, in Finland; by Link pi. 79. in Portugal; by Sibthorp, and Chau- 

 bard, in the Peloponnesus; and known to grow in Russia and Northern Asia (Wats ). 



Euphorbia esula of middle Europe. — Termed " esula Dalechampii" by Haworth (Steud.), 

 "tithymalus fol. linearibus petalis emargimtis " by Haller 1046 as observed in Switzerland, and known 

 to grow in woods and pasture-land in various parts of middle Europe (Pers., and Lindl.) : observed 

 by Scopoli in Carniolia. In Britain, from the few and wayside localities is suspected by Watson to 

 be exotic; it occurs also in Sweden (Fries), Holland (prodr. fl. bat.), Jersey (Bab.), and Normandy 

 (Breb), but in all Northwestern Europe is regarded by A. Decandolle as probably exotic. Bv Euro- 



* Seseli montanum of middle Europe. Described by Dalechamp 759 — (Spreng.), and Black- 

 well pi. 426; known to grow on the hills of France and Italy (Pers.) ; observed by Thuillier in the 

 environs of Paris (Steud.) ; within less than fifty years from the opening of the Doubs canal " to 

 1822," made its appearance in the environs of Montbelliard (Bern., and A. Dec). 



Woodsia Ilvensis of Northern climates. A small tufted fern termed " ionchitis aspera Ilvensis " 

 by Dalechamp 1221, — and Bauhin hist. iii. 749, and known to grow throughout Northern Europe 

 (Moris, iii. 14. pi. 3, and Pluk. phyt. pi. 179) : observed by Linnx*us in Sweden, frequent in clefts of 

 rocks in elevated situations. Westward, is termed " nephrodium rufidulum " by Michaux; was 

 observed by myself from 45 at Mount Desert to 40 along the Atlantic ; grows according to A. Gray 

 on "exposed rocks, common, especially northward, and southward in the Alleghanies ; " according to 

 Chapman, "along the Alleghany mountains " in our Southern States. 



