938 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



albo" in pin. iii. 360, "1. saxatilis alpina glabra pumila " by Tournefort inst. 338 ; known to grow in 

 Lapland and on the mountains of middle Europe (fl. Dan. pi. 4, and Pers.) : observed by Celsius, 

 and Linnaeus, in Lapland and on the mountains of Sweden; by Sibthorp, on the mountains °f Greece. 



Geranium pusillum of Europe ? Termed "g. columbinum tenuius lac.matum by C. Bauhin 

 prodr. 138— (Linn, sp.) ; observed by Scopoli 847 in Carniolia, — by Cavamlles iv. pi. 83, m Spain ; 

 and known to occur in waste places and cultivated ground throughout middle Europe (Ray angl. 111. 

 16. f. 2, and Pers.). By European colonists was carried to Northeast America, occurring according 

 to A. Gray in "waste places, New York." 



Convolvulus tricolor of Peru ? Described by C. Bauhin prodr. 134 — (Spreng. )_, Monson 1. pi. 

 4, and Linnaeus ; and further attributed by Persoon to " Africa, Mauritania, Spain, ana Italy." 



Ifiomaa coptica of the Tropical border of the Sahara from Senegal to Hindustan. From trans- 

 ported specimens, described by C. Bauhin prodr. 134— (Spreng.), Linnaeus, and Roth. In its wild 

 state, known to grow in Senegal and Nubia (A. Dec.) ; and farther East, observed in Hindustan by 

 Roxburgh, and by Graham "in the open glades about Kandalla, creeping among the grass." I. 

 coptica is further attributed by A. Decandolle with a mark of doubt to Cuba ; and if really occurring 

 there, has of course been introduced through European colonists. 



Sibbaidia procumbens of the Arctic region and mountain-summits farther South. Described by 

 C. Bauhin prodr. 139 — (Spreng.), and Sibbald ii. pi. 6: observed by Gmelin on the mountains around 

 Lake Baikal : — by Bieberstein, on Caucasus; and known to grow in Finland, Lapland, and from 

 Scandinavia to the Faroe Islands and the mountains of Scotland (Ledeb.) ; also on the Pyrenees 

 (A. Dec), the Sierra Nevada at the elevation of "9500 feet," and on the Swiss Alps (Koch) West- 

 ward, was received by Hooker from the Rocky mountains, and by Ledebour from Unalashka ; but 

 I have not met with evidence of its existence on the mountains of New England. 



Zannichellia palustris of Temperate climates. An aquatic termed "potamogeton capillaceum 

 capitulis ad alas trifidis " by C. Bauhin prodr. 101, — "Z. p. major foliis gramineis acutis" by Micheli 

 pi. 84, and known to grow from Lapland and Russia to the Mediterranean (Ray angl. iii. 135, Engl, 

 bot. pi. 1844, Pers., and Wats.) : observed by Linnaeus in Lapland and Sweden, in rivers and ditches ; 

 by Decandolle, in France ; by Gussone, in Sicily; by Munby, in Algeria ; by Sibthorp, in the envi- 

 rons of Constantinople; by . in Egypt (Kunth) ; by Bieberstein, along the Taurian mountains. 

 Westward, has been received from Virginia (Pers., and Pursh) ; by Hooker fl. ii. 170, from Oregon; 

 according to A. Gray, grows in New England (A. Dec.) in "ponds and slow streams, rather rare; " 

 and according to Chapman, in "West Florida." In the Southern Hemisphere, was observed by CI. 

 Gay in Chili ; by J. D. Hooker, in New Zealand. 



A'arcissus dubiits of the Mediterranean countries. Described by C. Bauhin prodr. 27 — (Spreng.), 

 and Rudbeck ii. pi. 51 (Pers.) : observed by Gouan ill. 22 in the environs of Montpelier; by Gittard, 

 in the Peloponnesus. 



" In or about this year " (Markham edit. p. viii), Pachacuti-yamqui Salcamayhua, a native, writing 

 on the Antiquities of Peru. 



also on the Columbia river as far as the Northwest Coast ; was received by Decandolle from Unala- 

 shka. The berries are abundant, and though insipid are sometimes eaten. 



Uvularia perfoliata of Northeast America. Smilaceous and resembling the herb called " Solo- 

 mon's seal," transported to Europe and termed " polygonatum perfoliatum " by C. Bauhin prodr. 136 

 — (Spreng.), "polygonatum ramosum flore luteo minus " by Cornuti pi. 41 as received from " Nova 

 Francia ; " described also by Morison xiii. pi. 4. Westward, was observed by Pursh from Canada to 

 Carolina; by myself, from 45 to 40° along the Atlantic; by Schweinitz, at 36 in Upper Carolina; 

 by Elliot, rare in Lower Carolina ; by Chapman, in " Florida, and northward ; " and by Short, in 

 Kentucky. 



Trillium erectum of Northeast America. With flowers and ovary mostly dark-purple. Trans- 

 ported to Europe, is described by C. Bauhin prodr. 91 — (Spreng.), and Cornuti pi. 167. Westward, 

 observed by Cleghorn in Canada (Hook.) ; by myself, from 48 on the Lower St. Lawrence to 40 

 along the Atlantic, a woodland plant; by Pursh, from Pennsylvania to Carolina; by Elliot, on the 

 Alleghanies of Carolina ; by Chapman, " on the mountains of North Carolina, and northward ; " and 

 by Short, in Kentucky. Its rhizoma according to Lindley is "violently emetic." 



Adiantutn pedatum of Northeast America. The Canada maiden-hair transported to Europe, 

 described by C. Bauhin prodr. 150 — (Spreng.), and termed "adiantum americanum " by Cornuti pi. 6. 

 Westward, "maiden-hair" ordinarily "half a yard in height," was seen by Josselyn rar. 55 in New 

 England : A. pedatum, by Lapylaie from 51 in Newfoundland ; by myself, from 44 to 40 along the 

 Atlantic ; by Croom, near Newbern ; by Chapman, in " North Carolina, and northward ; " by Nuttall, 

 on the Mississippi ; and by Drummond, as far as 53 on the Rocky mountains. 



