g^ 2 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



Byzaniinus 191, ipomaea Uamosa 164 n. 5, Aschpias amoena 386, Heradeum elegans 954, Selinum 

 peucedanoides 904 n. 2, G?a«& kptophylla 920, -Ww m^vwmA? 1235, 7iwM F^»M«tf 875 t 6, 

 Euphorbia isatifoha 1S8 n. II, Erodium petraeum 709 n. 4. Astragalus Baeticus 1084 n. 23, Frenan-^ 

 ikes spinosa 804, ^ot/!« microphylla 218 n. 8, HManthus frondosus 130 n. 8, ,-^to- Tradescanlt 



132. 



O-0«« fcjfo™.? of the East Mediterranean countries. Transported to Britain, is described by 

 Parkinson theatr. 162 n. 10- (Spreng.), and Miller- (Steud.) ; escaping from cultivation has been 

 found growing spontaneously in a single park (A. Dec. g. plant. 691). Eastward, was observed by 

 Chaubard around the Saronica gulf of the Peloponnesus. 



A'anitsNs incomparabilis of the West Mediterranean countries. Transported to Britain, is termed 

 "nonpareille" by Parkinson thea'.r. 68 ; — and escaping from cultivation, has maintained itself for 

 probably two centuries in a park near Swansea (Dillw., and Wats.), occurs also in a locality m the 

 county of Worcester, as well as in Normandy (A. Dec). In its wild state, is known to grow in Por- 

 tugal and Spain (Pers.), was observed by Gouan near Montpelier (Steud.). 



"The same year" (Winthrop, and Holmes), settlers from Lynn near Salem, removing to the 

 Eastern end of Long Island, erected themselves into a civil government. 



"In this year" (Stirling, and W. W. Hunter), one of the wives of Sultan Shujar, governor of 

 Behar, Orissa, and Bengal, healed by surgeon Boughton. As a reward, the English were now allowed 

 to build factories at Balasor and Hugli. 



" In this year" (Sieb. elucid. Vries p. 102), Francoys Caron chief of the Dutch trade in Japan 

 describes the land of Yeso as " very large, has often been explored by Japanese, deeply and far trav- 

 elled through, but no one has ever come to the end or come to any certainty respecting it, so that they 

 have generally come short of food and each time been obliged to return : the reports of visitors have 

 been such that his majesty's curiosity to know more about it has been restrained, for the land (as is 

 said) is wild, and in some parts inhabited by a people with hairy bodies, wearing long hair and beards, 

 as brutal as the Chinese, more like savages than like other men." 



" 1641 A. D." (art de verif.), the Dutch excluded from Japan, confined to the islet of Desima 

 opposite Nangasaki; where under strict guard they were allowed to continue their trade. 



" April 1 6th " (H. C. Murphy note to Vanderd. vertoogh 83), the value of good sewan (wampum) 

 fixed by director Kieft in New Netherland at four pieces for a stiver, and of loose sewan at six. This 

 Indian money in the absence of coin long continued in use even among the Whites. 



" In this year" (Pauth. 418), in China, civil war; and by the Imperial general, the dykes of the 

 Hoang-ho cut on the "9th of October," destroying great numbers of rebel troops, and contrary to his 

 expectations the city of Kai-foung, in all "more than three hundred thousand persons." P. Martin 

 Martini visiting the site soon afterwards, found in place of a city "only a large lake." 

 "Oct. 23d" (Blair), in Ireland, beginning of the massacre of the Protestants. 

 " 1642, Jan. 4th " (Blair), five members of the Commons of England demanded by king Charles : 

 initiating civil war. A memorable resolve of the Commons in favour of New England (Hutchinson i. 

 114, and Holmes), in consideration of having "had good and prosperous success without any public 

 charge to this state," exempting its imports and exports from custom, subsidy, or taxation. 



" The same year" (Winthrop journ. ii. p. 67 and 89, and Tuckerm. archaeol. Amer. iv. p. 140), the 

 White Mountains of New England first ascended by a European ; by Darby Field, " an Irishman, 

 living about Pascataquack.'' 



'•In this year" (Poole introd. Wond. Prov. xxii), publication of Lechford's "Plain dealing," a 

 work on New England. 



"In this year" (Spreng., and Winckler), lac. Bontius publishing his Medecin. Indor., enumer- 

 ating Juslicia betonica 146. Calanchoe laciniata 132. 



Cyailiula prostrata of the Malayan archipelago and islands of the Pacific. Observed by Bontius 

 150, — and Blume, on Java; by Rheede x. pi. 79 in Malabar; by Graham, "annual, a weed" in the 

 environs of Bombay ; by Loureiro, in Cochinchina ; by Rumphius vi. pi. 11, and received by Roxburgh 

 from the Moluccas ; was observed by myself, frequent around dwellings on Luzon ; by Brackenridge, 

 at Savu-Savu in the Feejeean Islands ; by myself, on the Samoan Islands not far inland, but on 

 Taheiti in the deep mountain-forest. Westward from Hindustan, is known to occur in Western 

 Equatorial Africa (fi. Nigr. p. 492) : but probably by European colonists, was carried to the West 

 Indies and Brazil (Moq., and A. Dec ). 



Westward, was observed by Michaux (Steud.) ; by Pursh, from Canada to Carolina ; by myself, from 

 43° to 40 along the Atlantic, subaquatic, forming beds on the margin of slow-moving streams ; by 

 Elliot, in South Carolina; by Chapman, "Florida, and northward; by Short, in Kentucky ; " and by 

 Nuttall, along the Arkansas. 



