OF ACCOMPANYING ANIMALS AND PLANTS. 953 



" The same year " (Flacourt ii. 1), the French East India Company formed : and " about Septem- 

 ber," arrival in Madagascar of a ship sent by them. Continuing on, the two commissioners on board, 

 Pronis and Foucquembourg, took possession of Mascareigne Island and Diego Roi's in the name of 

 the French king ; and returning to Madagascar, established a colony at Manghafia in " S. Lat. 24° 30'," 

 which was joined by "six or eight " of the survivors of a shipwrecked French vessel. — " The follow- 

 ing year," the colony was removed to Fort Dauphin in " Lat. 25° 6'." 



'■ Nov. 24th " (Churchill coll ), by Abel Jansen Tasman sailing from Mauritius East, land discov- 

 ered in "forty-two degrees twenty-five minutes" and named "Antony van Diemens lands:" he 

 remained on the coast some days, and anchored, but saw "only the footing of wild beasts and some 

 smoaks " (kindled by Tasmanians). Continuing East to "the country called on the maps New Zea- 

 land," and anchoring there, four of his men were killed by the natives : — " the northwest cape of this 

 land" was reached "Jan. 4th," and a cluster of outlying islets was named "Three kings." Sailing 

 thence Northeast, a small island was seen in "twenty-two degrees thirty-five minutes," which could 

 not be reached but was called " Pulstreet's " Island. "Jan. 21st," two islands in " twenty-one degrees 

 twenty minutes " were named " Amsterdam " and " Zealand ; " and on the first, " many hogs, hens, and 

 all sorts of fruit" were procured; the inhabitants (Tongans) being "friendly, had no weapons, and 

 seemed to know no evil, but that they would steal." Thence sailing Northward, many islands were 

 seen ; and in "seventeen degrees nineteen minutes," eighteen or twenty islands on the charts called 

 "Prince William's Islands or Hemskirk's Shoals." Inclining now Westward, "March 22d, in five 

 degrees two minutes south latitude," about twenty islands were in sight " called in the charts Onthong 

 Java, about ninety miles from the coast of New Guinea." Passing the Islands of Mark, already known, 

 the natives of which "are savage and have their hair tied up" (Papuans) ; passing also Green Island, 

 and St. John's Island, New Guinea was reached "April 1st" in "four degrees thirty minutes," at the 

 "cape called by the Spaniards Santa Maria:" the West end of New Guinea was reached "May 

 iSth ; " and the voyage terminated at Batavia. 



"1643 A. D." (Spreng.), Oelhafen publishing his Elench. plant, dantisc, enumerating " three 

 hundred and forty-eight species." 



" May 19th " (Winthrop, and Holmes), union of the New England colonies, Massachusetts, Plym- 

 outh, Connecticut, and- New Haven : for amity, offence and defence, mutual advice and assistance. 

 Rhode Island petitioning to be admitted, was refused, unless on condition of submitting to the juris- 

 diction of Plymouth. Massachusetts was in this year divided into counties or shires. 



" June 8th " (Sieb. eluc. p. 34), after leaving the supposed Northern point of Japan, the Dutch 

 navigator Maerten Gerrits Vries in sight of the island of Yeso at Cape Eroen. Continuing along the 

 Eastern coast, on the " 13th " he saw mount Tsiuna on Kunasiri ; two wooden crosses were found on 

 this island (marking probably the graves of Christian converts). On the " 17th," he sailed along land 

 named by him " Staetenlant " or " Staeten eylant " (Yeterop), the "high mountains very sparkling 

 from the snow." On the " 19th," he caught " a glimpse of land," found to contain " very high moun- 

 tains which shone much with the snow," and named it " Compagnyslant " (Urup), the land in many 

 places " still covered with snow down to the water's edge ; " landing " June 20th," Spring appeared to 

 be just beginning, the alder-trees began to bud, and among other herbs met with was "sorrel just the 

 same as grows at home '' (Acctosa pratensisf). There being no land in the Northwest, he proceeded 

 in this direction, and on the 27th having reached " N. Lat. 47° 27'," decided to return Southward ; he 

 reached the West end of Yeterop, discovered the strait separating this island from Kunasiri ; and 

 thence proceeding Westward, " from the 13th to the 14th of July" was in the middle of the strait sep- 

 arating Yeso from Krafto (Saghalin), but supposed the land in the West continuous and entered Aniwa 

 Bay; on the "21st," he doubled Cape Aniwa (on Krafto) ; steering North and afterwards North- 

 west, he entered Patientie Bay, and reached the mouth of the river (Boronai in " N. Lat. 49 15"') ; 

 leaving Cape Patientie, it was decided on the " 3d of August " to return South, and passing through 

 the strait between Yeterop and Urup he reached the harbour of Tayouan in Formosa " Nov. 18th." 



The Ainos are described by Vries and his companions as gaining "their subsistance in a small 

 boat which is cut out of a thick tree, strengthened on each side with four planks one foot high ; " 

 have their boats towed by dogs, as also ice-sledges, and the dogs are besides taught to capture salmon ; 

 fire is procured by means of "square planks with a hollow," in which they put a "short stick" 

 inserted in a reed, "and rub it between the hands so that it turns round, and so being dipped in 

 melted sulphur they hold that to it and soon have burning fire." 



" The same year (= 2303d of Synmu," art de verif ), abdication of Niote in favour of her brother 

 Gotto-mio, now dairo of Japan. 



The following particulars respecting the aboriginals of New England are given by Roger Wil- 

 liams (key, the vocabulary " framed chiefly after the Narroganset dialect," hist. coll. iii. 203) : •' There 

 is a mixture of this language, north and south, from the place of my abode" (Providence) "about six 

 hundred miles." The natives " constantly anoint their heads, as the Jews did : " they "gave dowries 



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