OF ACCOMPANYING ANIMALS AND PLANTS. 965 



a scabbard of gold and precious stones, many other costly articles ; and for the empress, a large look- 

 ing-glass, a collar of coral, also amber, rose-water, and other perfumes. In return the emperor gave 

 silver, eighty pieces of silk, etc. ; and besides, sixty-six pieces of silk and a hundred taels of silver to 

 the ambassador ; eighteen pieces of silk and fifty taels, to the second in rank ; the same, to the priest ; 

 and ten pieces of silk and twenty taels, to each of the nineteen attache's. 



"The same year" (Walpole trav. p. 181), near Tabriz in Northern Persia, death of the traveller 

 Thevenot. — "In 1813," the English traveller W. G. Browne was also buried at Tabriz. 



July 20th (= 128 -f 1539 years), should be the end of the fourth Great Year of the Egyptians. 



"July 31st "(Anderson, and Holmes), treaties of peace at Breda: the Dutch ceding New Nether- 

 lands to the English, and the English ceding Surinam to the Dutch ; the French ceding their portion 

 of St. Christopher with the neighbouring islands of Antigua and Montserrat, to the English, and the 

 English ceding Acadie to France. A treaty of commerce was also concluded between England and 

 Spam ; comprehending all interests, both in Europe and America. 



One hundred and seventy-ninth generation. Sept. 1st, 1667, mostly beyond youth : the Greek 

 writers Georgius Chortatzes d. 1676, Matthaeus bishop of Myra d. 1683 : Joseph Penco de la Vega : 

 Mothe le Vayer ; duke de Rochefoucauld ; Thomas Hobbes ; Mezeray ; Dr. John Wallis ; J. Fred- 

 erick Gronovius ; John Milton ; Thomas Bartholin ; Edmund Waller ; Peter Corneille ; Moliere ; Du 

 Cange; Algernon Sidney ; Sir John Marsham ; Samuel Butler ; Lewis Maimbourg ; Ralph Cudworth ; 

 Giles Menage; Charles de St. Evremond ; Benedict de Spinosa ; Isaac Barrow ; Sir William Tem- 

 ple ; Ren^ Rapin ; Dr. Thomas Sydenham ; Robert Boyle ; Samuel Puffendorf ; Daniel George Mor- 

 hoff ; John de la Bruyere ; John de la Fontaine ; Sir George Mackenzie ; Bouhours ; John Dryden; 

 Racine; John Locke; Edward Stillingfleet ; archbishop Tillotson ; Bossuet: the microscopic ob- 

 servers, Robert Hook d. 1702, Nehemiah Grew d. 1711, Marc. Malpighi d. 1694: the botanists, Her- 

 berts de Jager, Maurit. Hofmannus d. 1698, Guerner Rolfinck d. 1673, Elias Peine, Marcus Mappus 

 d. 1701, Henr. Regio d. 1679, Abr - Muntingius d. 1683, Carol. Schaffer d. 1675, Iacobus Roggeri, 

 Christopher Merrett d. 1695, Robert Plot d. 1696, Franc. Sterbeeck, Dedu : the painters, Carlo 

 Maratti, Charles le Brun, Jacob Ruysdael d. 1681, Claude Gele"e of Lorraine d. 1682, Rembrandt van 

 Ryn d. 1674, David Teniers the younger d. 1694, Bartolome Estevan Murillo d. 1685, Salvatore Rosa 

 d. 1673, Caspar Poussin d. 1675 : the architect Christopher Wren. 



"The same year" (Anderson, and Holmes), Captain Gillam after passing through Hudson's 

 Straits to the head of James' Bay, building a fort at Rupert's river : the beginning of the fur trade in 

 those countries. — In the following year, "May 2d," the Hudson's Bay Company was chartered. 



" 1668 A. D." (Chalm., and Holmes), on application to the Massachusetts legislature, commis- 

 sioners accompanied by a troop of horse sent into Maine ; and the colonial authority re-established. 



"The same year " (univ. hist, and Holmes), by Lord Willoughby, governor of Barbadoes, forces 

 sent to the islands of St. Vincent and Dominica, and the natives compelled to submit to the English 

 government. 



" 1669 A. D." (Chalm., and Holmes), in accordance with the constitution granted, an assembly 

 first convened in Carolina. Meeting in Albemarle County. 



" In this year " (Spreng.), Morison publishing his Hort. Bles. auct., enumerating Staphylea tri- 

 folia 295, " virga aurea americana foliis serratis angustis subtus nervosis " 322 Solidago Canadensis, 

 Helianlhus strumosus 250. 



"In this year" (Humb. cosm. ii.), rocky strata hardened before the existence of plants and 

 animals and therefore never containing organic remains, distinguished from " turbida maris sedi- 

 menta" by Nicolaus Steno or Stenson. Who also thought he could distinguish "six" great geological 

 epochs or revolutions in Tuscany. 



" Sept. 6th " (Blair), the island of Candia or Crete captured by the Turks. 



In a letter to the Royal Society of London (phil. irans. for 1670, Tuckerm. archasol. Amer. 

 iv. 123), governor John Winthrop of Connecticut mentions as sent: specimens of "fir-balsam" 

 {Abies balsamea), "which grows in Nova Scotia, and, as I hear, in the more easterly part of New 

 England."* 



* Populus monilifera of the Mississippi and its tributaries. The cotton-wood, a lofty tree, prob- 

 ably the " cotton-tree bearing a kind of down, which also is not fit to spin," a branch of which was 

 sent by John Winthrop the younger from Connecticut : — P. monilifera is known to grow from " New 

 England to Illinois '' (A. Gray) ; was observed by F. A. Michaux from the Genessee to Virginia and 

 islands in the Ohio, but rare in the Atlantic States ; by myseif, along the banks of the Ohio ; by Nuttall, 

 along the Arkansas ; by Lewis and Clark, along the Mississippi and Missouri ; by Long's Expedition 

 ii. 141, as far as 48 ; by E. James, as far as the Rocky mountains and sources of the Columbia; and is 

 perhaps the shrubby cotton tree seen by Pike app. 22 along the Del Norte " throughout New Biscay." 



Quercus ilicifolia of Northeast America. A rigid straggling shrub called bear oak or scrub oak, 



