976 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



Claytoni 9. 11. f. I, Cryplotaenia Canadensis 9. 11. f. 8, Chaeraphyllum procumbens 9. II. f. ult, 

 A [aim inundation 9. 5. f. ult., A'arcissus auccps 4. 9. 13, and Passiflora lutea 1. 2. 3, Heliopsis laevis 

 6. 3. f. 69 (Pers.), Ponlcdaia cordata 15. 4. f. 8. 



Saxifraga geum of the mountains of Ireland and middle Europe. Described by Morison xii. 

 pi. 9, — termed " geum rotundifolium minus " by Tournefort inst. 251, and known to grow on the 

 mountains of Ireland (A. Dec), and middle Europe (Moench, and Pers.) : observed by Lapeyrouse 

 pi. 14 on the Pyrenees ; by Sibthorp, on mount Parnassus. Has become naturalized near Edinburgh 

 (Engl. bot. pi. 1561 to 2093, and Bab.), also in Yorkshire and Cumberland (Wats.). 



A'/ 'escmbryanthemion tenuiflorum of Austral Africa. Transported to Europe, described by Mori- 

 son 12. pi. 8, — Bradley i. 9, and Dillenius pi. 201 ; was observed by Chaubard to all appearance long 

 naturalized on old walls at Athens. Is said to grow wild in Austral Africa (Chaub., and Gittard). 



Xanthium spinosion of Austral America. A thorny kind of bur-weed, transported to Europe, 

 described by Morison xv. pi. 2,* — and Magnol hort. 208; and from seeds procured in Portugal 

 termed "xanthium lusitanicum" by Tournefort: becoming naturalized, has extended into Algeria, 

 Sicily, Italy, and Southern France (Boissier, Gusson., Seguier, and Gouan) ; was observed by Gulden- 

 stadt in 17S7, frequent in Southern Russia; subsequently, by Chaubard, and Grisebach, frequent in 

 the Peloponnesus and on some of the Greek islands. Transported to North America as late perhaps 

 as 1814 (as may be inferred from the silence of Walter, Michaux, and Pursh), was found by Nuttall 

 in 1818 near dwellings from Savannah to Washington, and not foreseeing that it would become trouble- 

 some, was introduced by him as he informed me into the environs of Philadelphia; was observed by 

 myself in 1823 in the vicinity of Boston. In the Southern Hemisphere, by European colonists also, 

 was probably carried across the Andes into Chili (Beechey voy. 57, and A. Dec.) ; for it is known to 

 be indigenous and abundant in the extensive plains on the La Plata. 



Luzula nivea of Switzerland and the Tyrol. Described by Morison viii. pi. 9, — and Scheuchzer 

 gram. pi. 7, and known to grow on the mountains of Switzerland and the Tyrol (Pers., and A. Dec). 

 In Scotland, planted by a gardener in Bromhall woods (Balfour, and Bab.), but not known to have 

 extended itself into the surrounding country. 



" 1679 A. D." (Chalm., and Holmes), arrival in New England of the first collector of customs, 

 Edward Randolph. He was persistently opposed, the colonists deeming " their chartered privileges 

 invaded." — He returned two years afterwards, but was unable to execute his office. 



"May 26th" (Macaulay i. 2), the Habeas Corpus Act signed by king Charles II. 



" Sept. 2d " (Pauth. 436), at Pekin, a severe earthquake; throwing down walls and buildings, and 

 destroying more than "four hundred thousand" persons. 



" The same year " (Dampier), the buccaneers, continuing their ravages, and islands along the 

 North coast of the Isthmus first made a rendezvous. In their vessels, one or more " Moskito indians" 

 were employed; partly it would seem, from their knowledge of the means of procuring provision. 

 These Indians are described by Dampier as "tall, well made, raw boned, long visaged, look stern" 

 (Malayans?, see below, Guam), having no form of government, but cultivating in small plantations 

 "■plantain trees " (A/usa sapiait/ou), "yames, potatoes " (/lata fas edit/is .?), " indian pepper" (Capsi- 

 cum), "and pine-apples" of which they make an intoxicating drink. 



" Towards 1680 A. D." (Kaempf., and art de verif.), Jetznako succeeded by Tsinajos, now emperor 

 of Japan. 



" 1680 A. D." (Kaempf v . 13), Cleyer in Japan, in charge of the Dutch there, and meeting with 

 among plants Zingiber mioga iii. a. 3. o. 120, Ligustruin Japonicum iii. a. 2. o. 180, Fiats itabu ii. 

 a. 10. o. 36. f. 10, Bladhia Japonica iii. a. 5. 6. o. 3, B. a Lpa iii. a. 2. o. 179, Campanula glanca iii. 

 a. 3. o. 119, Euonymus pungens iii. a. 5. 6. o. 2, Cissus Japonica ii. a. 7. o. 71. f. 25, Scilla Japonica 

 ii. a. 5. 6. o. 53. f. 39, Lilium spcciouim ii. a. 8. o. 191. f. 54, L.pompanoou ii. a. 9. o. 76. f. 20, Orou- 

 tium Japonicum ii. a. 9. o. 75. f. iS, Houttuynia cordata ii. a. S. o iSy. f. 51, 52, Alisma cordifolia ii. 

 a. 6. o. 53. f. 40, Eurya Japonica ii. a. 8 o 192. f. 56, . Ipaclis Japonica ii. .1. 7. u. 70. f. 23, Fumaria 

 racemosa iii. a. 3. o. 120, Cineraria Japonica ii. a. 9. o. 76, Epidcudrum ensifoHum iii. a. 10. o. 38, 

 Amim ringens ii. a. 9. o. 75, Rajania quinata ii. a. 7. o. 71, and A/citaisia dichotoma ii. a. 7. o. 73. 

 f. 30. — He returned shortly afterwards (Spreng.). 



Viuca (Catharanthus) rosea of Madagascar. Observed by Cleyer ii. a. 7. o. 72. f. 27 in Japan — 

 (Spreng.) ; by Thunberg, growing in and around Nagasaki, and cultivated besides in vases, but no 

 native name given : in the Philippines, formerly cultivated by the natives, continuing known to many 

 of them, and called in Tagalo " cantotan " (Blanco): known to grow also in Java (Pers.) : and in Bur- 



* Bromus racemosus of middle Europe. Resembling B. secalinus but the panicle upright: 



described by Morison 8 pi. 7 f. 19 ; —observed by Smith fl. i 12S in Britain ; and known to grow in 



woods and pasture-land in France. By European colonists carried to Northeast America, has been 



observed by A. Gray in "grain-fields, not rare;" by myself, beyond the limits of cultivated ground in 



•the environs of Philadelphia, naturalized. 



