9 88 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



Triumfetta lappula of Western Equatorial Africa. A Tiliaceous weed through European colo- 

 nists carried to the West Indies : observed there by Plumier pi. 255, — and Macfadyen no ; also to 

 Brazil, and Bermuda (Pers.). Eastward, known to grow in Equatorial Africa (fl. Nigr., and A. Dec). 



Desmodium incamtm of Equatorial Africa. A Leguminous plant, through European colonists 

 carried to the West Indies, observed there by Plumier pi. 149 — (Pers.), and Swartz ; by Macfadyen, 

 frequent in pastures and along roadsides on Jamaica (A. Dec). Eastward, known to grow in Equa- 

 torial Africa and perhaps wild also on the Mauritius Islands (Dec. prodr., and fl. Nigr.). 



Parl-uisonia aculcata of Tropical Africa? A small ornamental tree, observed in the West Indies 

 by Plumier pi. 3 — (Spreng.), and Jacquin amer. pi. 120; by Browne, brought to Jamaica from the 

 neighbouring continent; where however according to Kunth, its names indicate a foreign origin 

 (A. Dec). Eastward, was cultivated in Senegal in " 1816," and has since become naturalized on the 

 Wallo plains (Perrott. and Le Pr.) : was observed by myself under cultivation in Yemen ; appears 

 to have been only recently carried to Hindustan, where it is "now almost naturalized" being '-com- 

 mon about Bombay," but seems devoid of a native name (Pidd , and Moon) ; is enumerated by Mason 

 as "exotic" in Burmah. Clearly by European colonists, was carried to the Mauritius Islands, where 

 it was observed by Bojer only under cultivation. 



Ecastaphyllum Brownei of Tropical America. Observed in the West Indies by Plumier 246. 2 



— (Spreng.), and Browne pi. 32, and known to grow along the shore as far as Brazil — (Pers., and 

 A. Dec). Occurring also on the African coast at Senegal and Guinea (Dec, and fl. Nigr.), probably 

 transported by the ocean currents. 



Oldenlandia corvmbosa of Tropical America. Observed by Plumier 212. 1 in the West Indies 



— (Spreng.), by Berlandier in Mexico; and known to grow in Jamaica and Cayenne (herb. Dec). 

 Probably by European colonists carried to the Moluccas (herb. Dec), and across the Atlantic to 

 Senegal and Guinea (fl. Nigr., and A. Dec). 



"In this year" (Spreng., and Winckl.), after his Prodrom. "in 16S9," Magnol publishing his 

 Hort. Monsp., enumerating Lonicera Pyrenaica 209, Saxifraga hirsute. 87, Armaria laricifolia n, 

 Garidella niaellastricm 143, Ononis trideutata 16, O. crispa 17, Astragalus Uralcusis 27, Chrysan- 

 themum graminifolium 21, C. Monspcliense 21, Verbesiua alata 40, Polvpodium leptopliyllum 5, and 

 JJavallia Caiiariemis (of Madeira), Saxifraga umbresa pi. 8. — He died "in 1715." 



"In this year" (J. E. Smith, and Spreng.), Kay publishing his Synops. Brit., enumerating* 

 Ccrastium scmidecaudrum pi. 15. i, Pinguicula villosa hist, i 752. Subularia aquatica syn. iii. 

 307, Fcsluca uniglumis 17. 2, Ti isetum pubesccns 21. 2, Anthcricum serefiuum 17. 1, Sedum Angli- 



* Barbarea pracox of Siberia. Called Belhish cress (Prior), and already in Britain in the days 

 of Ray syn. 297 ; — regarded by Watson as exotic and only naturalized : known to grow spontane- 

 ously on the neighbouring portion of the continent from France to Sweden (Pers., Fries, and A. Dec); 

 and observed by Gmelin in Siberia (Steud.). By European colonists, was carried to Northeast Amer- 

 ica, where it continues sparingly cultivated in our Northern, and according to A. Crav in our Middle 

 States, "becoming spontaneous farther South ; " to the Mauritius Islands, where it continues to be 

 regularly cultivated and is distinguished as early whiler-ercss (Boj. ; see B. vulgaris). 



Bidens eeruua of Northeast America. A species of bitr-mariyo/tl, transported to and natural- 

 ized in Europe before the clays of Ray syn. 187 ; — termed " bidens radiata " by Thuillier ; and known 

 to occur throughout middle Europe as far as Sweden (Linn., fl. Dan. pi. 312, Curt. lond. pi. , Engl, 

 bot. pi. 1 1 14, Willd., Pers., and Wats.). Westward, is known to grow throughout Canada from Que- 

 bec to the Saskatchewan (Hook.), ana from " New England to Wisconsin " (A. Gray) ; observed by 

 myself from 43 along the Atlantic, on the marshy border of slow-moving water, and often in wet 

 places by the roadside ; by Torrey, to 41 , and by Conrad to 40 ; by Schweinitz, at 36° in Upper 

 Carolina ; and by Short, in Kentucky. 



Selaginella selarinoides of Northern climates. A club-moss termed " selaginoides foliis spi- 

 nosis " by Ray angl. iii. 106, — " muscus terrestris repens clavis singularibus foliosis erectis " by 

 Scheuchzer it. pi. 6, and known to grow throughout Northern Europe (Dill. muse. pi. 88) : observed 

 by Linnaeus in Lapland, and Sweden as far as Upland. Westward, by Pursh in New Hampshire ; 

 and according to A. Gray, grows in " wet places," " Michigan, Lake Superior and northward, pretty 

 rare." 



Lycopodium inundatum of Northern climates. A club-moss termed " muscus terrestris repens 

 clavis singularibus foliosis erectis" by Ray angl. iii. 108, — " 1. palustre repens clava singulari" by 

 Vaillant paris. pi. id, and known to grow throughout Northern and middle Europe (Dill. muse. pi. 

 62) : observed by Linnaeus in Sweden. Westward, by myself in bogs from 47 on the Lower St. 

 Lawrence to North Conway and 42° along the Atlantic ; rarer perhaps in the Interior, known to A. 

 Gray in central New York as growing in "sandy bogs, northward, rare." 



