994 



CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



43-117, Euphrasia minima 60, E. longiflora 63, Antirrhinum molle 41, Scrophularia trifoliata 60, 

 Digitalis obscura 98, Alyssum halimifolium 39, ^. saxatile 93, Biscutella sempervirens 122, Sisym- 

 brium Valentinum 80, Erysimum Bocconi III, Erodium malopoides 89, if. chamaedrioides 128, Ciwy- 

 (f^/z'j enneaphylla 73, Hicnuium prunellaefolium, montamim, and »<?//« 24-113, Apargia taraxaci 

 106, Serratula coronata 37, -S\ humilis [09, Gnaphalium supinum 109, /»«/« bifrons 121, Chrysan- 

 themum Bocconi 9S, Centaurea uniflora 2, and Pistacia trifolia 93. — He died "in 1704." 



Chcerophyllum aromaticum of Eastern Europe and the adjoining portion of Asia. Described by 

 Boccone mus. ii. pi. 19, — and known to grow in Silesia, Lusatia, and Misnia (Jacq. austr. pi. 150, and 

 Pers.) : observed by Fleischer fl. 115 as far West as Livonia; by Sibthorp, in shaded situations on 

 the Bithynian Olympus. In Britain, was found by G. Don '-about 1831 " between Arbroath and Forfar, 

 clearly exotic, but has perhaps become naturalized (Wats., Bab., and A. Dec.;. 



Achillea (Ptarmica) alpina of Arctic Asia and mountain-summits farther South. Described by 

 Boccone mus. pi. 101, — and known to grow on the Swiss Alps (Pers.), but according to A. Decan- 

 dolle only above Airolo on the Saint-Gothard Pass. Eastward, is known to grow throughout Arctic 

 Siberia, and on the Altaian mountains (Ledeb., and Dec). 



Echium maritiinum of the West Mediterranean countries. Described by Boccone mus. ii. pi. 78, 

 — and Tournefort inst. 136 ; and known to grow wild on the seashore of Italy and Sicily. By Euro- 

 pean colonists, was carried to Austral America, where it has become abundantly naturalized around 

 Montevideo (A. St. Hil., and A. Dec). 



" 1698, Aug. 19th " (Blair), signing of the First treaty of partition : dividing Poland and giving 

 rise to the new German kingdom of Prussia. 



"The same year" (Stiles, and Holmes), under instructions from the commissioners for propa- 

 gating the gospel, the aboriginals in different parts of Massachusetts visited this year by Rev. Grindal 

 Rawson and Rev. Samuel Danforth, and found to number "about four thousand." Mary Cushman 

 who " came over in the first shipe liveing this present year "(inscript. on Bradford's Ms. hist. Plimouth 

 Plantation). — I therefore writing in 1872 have seen persons who may have seen acquaintances of the 

 first settlers of New England; and in this manner, twenty-five individuals would easily span the one 

 hundred and eighty-five generations from the time of Adam. 



"In this year" (Krapf trav. 521-9), Mombasa, Zanzibar, and Keelvvah captured by a fleet under 

 Sultan Seif, son of Seif bin Malik, Mozambique besieged, and Portuguese power extinguished along 

 the East African coast from Cape Gardafui to Cape Delgado. 



About this time (see Phil, trans, xxi. 255, and Spreng ), Jacob Cunningham visiting Ascension 

 Island, finding its flora to consist of only "five '' plants, Ipomoea pes-caprae (growing on the seashore 

 throughout the Tropics), Dombeya erythroxylon (attributed to St. Helena), Euphorbia chamaesyce 

 (attributed to Southern Europe, Mesopotamia, and Siberia), E. or/'gaiioidts (not known elsewhere), 

 and Aristida Adsccnsionis (seen by Forskal in Yemen). — Two additional plants have been found 

 there by Osbeck, and subsequent observers, Sherardia fniticosa (not known elsewhere), and Hedyotis 

 Adsccnsionis (not known elsewhere. See A. Dec. g. bot. 1281). 



J. Cunningham resided as surgeon at Amoy and Chusan in China, — and has given an account of 

 the plants growing there in Phil trans, xxiii. 2S0-6 (Spreng.). 



" 1698 to 1699 A. D." (Churchill coll.), in sailing along " the easternmost part of New Guinea," a 

 Strait discovered by Dampier ; separating an island called by him " New Britain." 



" 1699 A. D." (Charlev., and Holmes;, under instructions from Louis XIV.. claiming the whole 

 territory of Louisiana, a fort built by M. d'lberville between the mouths of the Mississippi and the 

 Mobile river. In all this immense territory along the Mississippi, there were besides only a few 

 straggling houses of Canadian French settled among the Illinois : and the object of the new movement 

 was, To open communication with Canada, hem in the English colonies, and thus engross the trade 

 of the aboriginal tribes (Anders, ii. 642, Du Pratz i. 8, and univ. hist. xl. 282). 



"The same year" (Anders, ii. 644, and Holmes), in England, on complaint that woolen manu- 

 factures of the colonies in North America began to be exported to foreign markets, both by sea and 

 land, a law prohibiting this. 



"Aug. 6th" (narrat., and Murdoch hist. Nov. Scot. i. 539), Diereville, "employed to obtain 

 plants for the Royal garden," sailing from Rochelle. After "fifty-four days " he arrived at Chibouc- 

 tou, and continuing visited Port Royal and St. John, meeting with " viola acadiensis folio longo 

 sinuata" Viola lanceolata. —He left " Oct. 6th 1700," and returning to France published an account 

 of his Voyage "in 1708." 



" 1700 A. D." (Blair), "New Style" adopted by the Dutch and the Protestants of Germany: 

 " omitting the last eleven days of February." 



" The same year" (Blair), Second treaty of the Partition of Poland : Frederic now becoming king • 

 of Prussia. Charles XII. ruling Sweden. 



" In this year " (Mather magnal. i. 31, and Holmes), Boston containing " more than seven thou- 



