OF ACCOMPANYING ANIMALS AND PLANTS. 1025 



sessions East of the Mississippi were ceded to Britain, except only the islets of St. Pierre and Mique- 

 lon, ceded to France as a fishing station ; Guadaloupe, Marigalante, Desirade, and Martinico were 

 restored to France ; and Havana, to Spain. 



"In this year " (Spreng.), Hudson publishing his Flora anglica, enumerating * Arabis stricta : — 

 "in 1778," a second edition; and died "in 1793." 



"In this year" (Linn. sp. pi. i. 202, suppl. Sibth., and Winckl.), Linnaeus the younger publish- 

 ing his first decade of Plant, rar. hort. upsal. ; — the second " in 1763." 



Lithospermum dispermum of the Uralian plains. An annual described by Linnaeus the younger 

 dec. i. pi. 7, — cultivated also in the Oxford botanic garden (J. E. Smith) In its wild state, observed 

 by Hawkins on mount Ossa in Thessaly (Sibth.) ; by Pallas v. 337 to 497, on the Lower Volga. 



In the Introduction to the Second edition of his Species Plantarum Linnaeus states that he had 

 travelled over the mountains of Lapland, all Sweden, and a part of Norway, Denmark, Germany, Hol- 

 land, England, and France : and that by his persuasion his pupils had visited and examined other 

 countries, as Kalm, Canada ; Hasselquist, Egypt ; Osbeck, China ; Toren, Surat ; Solander, Eng- 

 land ; Alstrcemer, Southern Europe ; Mardn, Spitzbergen ; Pontin, Malabar ; Kaehler, Italy ; Fors- 

 kal, the East; Lcefling, Spain; and Montin, Lapland. 



Among botanical friends who had sent from various countries seeds or dried plants, he enume- 

 rates B. Jussieu, Royen, J. Gesner, Wachendorf, Sibthorp, Monti, Gleditsch, Krascheninikoff, Minu- 

 art, Velez, Kleinhoff, Ortega, Ellis, Seguier, Allioni, Zinn, Gouan, Gerard, Munchhausen, Bielke, 

 Rathgeb, Demidoff, Collinson, Braad, Clifford, Lagerstrom, Gronovius, Gmelin, Burmann, and 

 Sauvages. 



And of botanical writers who maintain or have in some instances adopted his system of arrang- 

 ing and describing, Gorter, Jacquin, Colden, Hill, Hudson, Dalibard, Kramer, Leyser, Meese, Le 

 Monier, Guettard, Haller, and Scopoli. 



"Sept. 1st" (introd.) Linnaeus publishing a Second edition of his Sp. Plant, enumerating! 

 "fifteen hundred" additional plants = 8800 species: including Platantkera hyperborea, Danthonia 

 spicata 119, Anemone Pennsylvanica, Aconitum nncinatum, Hydrophyllum Canadense 208, Cha- 

 macnerium latifolium, Baptisia coerulea, Arenaria (Moeringia) lateriflora, Pedicularis Canadensis, 

 Elephantopus tomentosus, Croton glandulosum, Chrysosplenium A mericanum, " gentiana ciliata 

 Canada? montibus " G. delonsa, Silpliium laci?iiatu?u (sent by Collinson), Polymnia Canadensis 

 amoen. acad. iii. 1. f. 5, Taxus Canadensis, Uniola latiflilia (Muhl. in reliq. Baldw. 96). 



Silene Ilalica of the Mediterranean countries. Termed '■ cucubalus italicus " by Linnaeus sp. 

 plant. 593, — " viscago clavata " by Moench, and known to grow in Italy and Southern France (Jacq. 

 obs. iv. pi. 79, Pers., and A. Dec.) : observed by Grenier and Godron as far North as Lyons ; by 

 Villars, in Dauphiny ; by Sibthorp, in the Peloponnesus. In Britain, has escaped from cultivation, 

 and "from 1825 " has continued on the sea-cliffs at Dover (Engl. bot. pi. 2748, and Bab.). 



Phytolacca dioica of Tropical America ? Transported to Europe, and brought by Alstrcemer 

 from the Madrid garden to Linnaeus sp. pi. ; — cultivated in England by Miller "in 1768;" described 

 also by L'Heritier stirp. i. pi. 70; and enumerated by Clot-Bey and Figari as recently introduced and 

 becoming very large in Egypt. 



"In this year" (append Sibth.), Henr. Joh. Nep. Crantz publishing his Stirp. austriac. ; — the 

 third fascic. and Umbellif. emend, "in 1767;" the sixth and Crucif. emend, "in 1769;" and died 

 "in 1799" (Spreng.). 



'■ In this year" (Spreng.), Aublet arriving in Guayana, meeting with Nectris equatica. 



Coumarouma odorata of Eastern Equatorial America. The tonka bean, a Leguminous tree, 



* Sa> r ina subulata of Subarctic climates. Termed " s. pergula laricina" by Hudson, — and in 

 fi. Dan. (Swartz act. holm. 1789 pi. 1. f. 3, and Steud.) ; known to grow from Sweden to Switzerland 

 (Wats.) ; was observed by Curtis near London, and by Brotero in Portugal (Steud.). Westward, 

 was received by Hooker from 56° on the Rocky mountains 



+ A maranthns flai'us of Eastern Asia. Received by Linnaeus sp. 1406 from " India " — (Willd. 

 pi. 3. f. 6, and Pers.) ; by Moquin, from Nepal, apparently a garden specimen (A. Dec). Probably 

 by European colonists carried to Brazil (see Moq.). 



Spiranllies cernua of North America. This spiral-flowering Orchid, described from transported 

 specimens by Linnaeus sp. 1340 — has reached without human intervention the Southern extreme of 

 Ireland; found there in 1S10, and again in 1843 (Bab., and Power). Westward, is known to grow 

 from Newfoundland to the Pacific, at the mouth of the Columbia (A. Dec.) ; was observed by 

 Michaux from Hudson Bay to Carolina ; by myself, in bogs and marshes from 45 throughout New 

 England ; by Schweinitz, at 36 in Upper Carolina; by Elliot, in South Carolina ; by Baldwin to 31 ; 

 by N. A. Ware, in Florida; by Chapman, "Florida to Mississippi;'' by Short, in Kentucky. 



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