I0 38 CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



Latania Borbonica of the Mauritius Islands. Received from the Isle of Bourbon, and described 

 by Jacquin frag. i. pi. u, — and Lamarck enc.iii.411 (Purs): observed by Bojer around dwellings 

 and along the margin of the forest on the Mauritius Islands. By European colonists, was carried to 

 Northeast America, where it has become frequent in greenhouses : was observed by myself in Egypt, 

 in the Botanical Garden near Cairo, doubtless derived from Europe. 



Pleuroyyiie Carinthiaca of Switzerland and the Altaian mountains. An annual termed " swertia 

 carinthiaca" by Jacquin misc. ii. pi. 6 as observed on the Salsburg and Carinthian Alps (Pers.) ; 

 known to grow also in the Saas valley in Valais, and on the Altaian mountains (Griseb , and A. Dec). 



" 1782, March 4th " (Holmes), by the English Commons resolved, " That the house would con- 

 sider as enemies to his majesty and the country, all those who should advise or attempt the farther 

 prosecution of offensive war on the continent of North America." 



"April 1 2th " (Holmes), the French fleet under De Grasse defeated in the West Indies by the 

 British fleet under Rodney. 



" In this year" (Winckl.), Hacquet publishing his Plant, alpin. Carniol. — He died "in 1814." 



" In this year " (Durand in Am. phil. trans.), Andr£ Michaux exploring the Persian provinces on 

 the Tigris and Euphrates. — He returned to France "in 1785." 



"In this year" (Winckl.), Molina publishing his Storia nat. del Chili.* 



" April 19th " (Holmes), the colonies acknowledged an independent nation by Holland : and 

 "Oct. 8th," a treaty of amity and commerce concluded. 



" Nov. 30th " (Holmes), the independence of the colonies acknowledged by Britain, and a treaty 

 of peace concluded : to take effect when peace should be declared between Britain and France. 



"1783 A. D." (Holmes), treaties of amity and commerce : %ith Denmaik "Feb. 15th; "with 

 Spain "in March ; " with Sweden "in April ; " with Russia "in July:" and " Sept. 23d," signing of 

 the Definitive treaty of peace between Britain and the now independent States. 



" In the summer" (Amer. acad. sc. i. 401), Manasseh Cutler at Ipswich in Eastern Massachu- 

 setts, meeting with "goldenpert" Gratiola anrea, "pigeon-berry bush" Cornus stolonifera, "trailing 

 cockspur " Galium trijiorum, "upright cockspur " G. circazans, "water violet" Hottonia inflata, 

 "water parsnip" Sunn lincare, "white pepperbush " Andromeda (Lyottid) ligustrina, "cow-wheat" 

 Melampyrum Americanuin, "yellow succory" Hieracium Canademe, "star thistle" Cirsium pumi- 

 lum, "yellow thistle" C. horridiilum, " meadow sunflower " Bidens chrysautheinoidcs, "lady's plume" 

 Platantliera Jimbriata, " moneywort " Asclepias obtusifolia, " quafhdilla " Clintonia borealis, " sugar 

 maple" Acer nigrum j — and soon afterwards, as appears from his unpublished manuscripts (exam- 

 ined by Russell and Tuckerman), " anonymos yellow sandbind" Hudsonia tomenlosa, "campanula 

 humida " Campanula aparinoidcs, and "anomalos" Microstylis ophioglossoides. 



" Nov. 3d " (Holmes), disbanding of the American army. " Nov. 25th," evacuation of New 

 York city by the British troops : and shortly afterwards, surrender by Washington of his commission, 

 to Congress at Annapolis. 



" Nov. 29th " (Holmes), an earthquake, distinctly perceived from New Hampshire to Pennsylvania. 



"In this year" (Winckl.), Swartz visiting the West Indies, t — He remained "until 17S7," and 

 published his Prodr. Ind. Occ. "in 1788." 



"In this year" (J. F. Wats.), publication in London of the "History of Sumatra" by William 

 Marsden. 



" 1784, Feb. 22d " (Felt ann. Salem), sailing from New York of a ship under Capt. John Green 



* Bloureusia thurifera of Chili. A shrub called by Molina "thuraria," from yielding incense, — ■ 

 observed by myself in the environs of Valparaiso, Helianthus-like except in being woody. 



f Euphorbia punicea of Jamaica. A thick-stemmed shrub with large scarlet leaves around the 

 flowers, described by Swartz — (Steud.), Jacquin rar. iii. pi. 4S4, and Descourtilz pi . " E. Poin- 

 settii " brought from Mexico by Poinsett about 1833 ? , and soon becoming a favourite in greenhouses, 

 introduced even into the gardens of Burmah (Mason v. p. 421 ), may be compared. 



Jussieua acuminata of Equatorial Africa. Known to grow from Guinea to the island of Saint- 

 Thomas (Benth. fl. Nigr.). Probably by European colonists carried across the Atlantic to the West 

 Indies, where it was observed in moist places by Swartz (A. Dec). 



Lauras montaua of the mountains of the West Indian archipelago. Observed by Swartz on the 

 lofty mountains of Jamaica, a tree closely resembling L. camphora (Pers.). 



Banicum juiiicu'loniiii of ... . Observed by Swartz prodr. p. 24 under cultivation in the West 

 Indies for feeding cattle, and called Guinea grass from its alleged place of origin — (Pers.). East- 

 ward from Africa, is enumerated by Mason v. p. 477 as " exotic " in Burmah and "grown by a few 

 Europeans," but called by the Sgau Karens " nau-ka-thau-hau." As transported to Europe, is 

 described by Lamarck (Steud.). 



