I0 6o CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT 



At this time (Ph. ii. 609), G. Anderson engaged in examining and cultivating willows, and 

 assisting Pursh in his arrangement of the N. American species, contributing in addition Salix uva- 

 jtrsi, cordifolia, planifolia. — Pursh at this time describing plants from various herbaria in London, 

 from the Banksian herbarium Armaria Labradorica (" thymifolia "). Poteniilla dissecta, Draba 

 glabella, Tussilago sagittata, Chrysopsis falcata, C. gossypina, Aster graminifolius, Coreopsis aspera, 

 Silphium datum, S. reticulatum, Platanthera rotundifolia, P. obtusala, Salix vestita. — He published 

 his Flor. am. sept, "in 1814" (title-page). 



"In this year"(Baldw. reliq. 1 14), Zaccheus Collins exploring peninsular New Jersey meeting 

 with Gymnadenia fla-'a (Nutt. gen.). 



"1S14, March 31st" (Maunder and Nicol.), entrance of the allied armies and sovereigns into 

 Paris : Napoleon was exiled, and succeeded in France by Louis XVIII. ; pope Pius VII. was restored 

 to his dominions, as also Ferdinand VII. of Spain. + 



" In this year" (Spreng.), Georg Wahlenberg publishing his Flor. carpath. 



"In this year" (Baldw. rel. 146, 68-71), Van Vleck at Salem in North Carolina, corresponding 

 with Muhlenberg; and his companion Schweinitz with Leconte. 



"1815, Jan. 8th" (Inman), attack by the British on New Orleans repelled by the Americans 

 under Jackson. News soon arrived of the conclusion of peace on the preceding " Dec. 24th " 

 at Ghent. 



"March 1st" (Maunder), return of Napoleon from Elba to France. "June 18th, Sunday," 

 Napoleon defeated at Waterloo; and soon afterwards, exiled to St. Helena. 



" The same year" (Nicol.), Alexander now " king of Poland," thus uniting Poland with Russia. 



" In this year" (Dallet 273), Second persecution of Christians in Corea. 



"The same year" (Maunder), by the English, a missionary station first established in New 

 Zealand. 



In this year (Winckl.), Muhlenberg writing his Descript. gram., enumerating f Cyperus 

 ervthrorhizos, Hemicarpha subsquarrosa, Cladiitm mariscoides ; Carcx decomposita, foenea, poly- 

 morpha; I 'Ufa vagintT/lora, Eragrostis? umjlora, M ' uhlenbergia sobolifera, M. sylvalica, Eaiutia 

 Pennsylvanica, Poa brevifolia, P . Jlexuosa, Panicum microiarpou, P vcrnicosum, Glyceria obtusa. 

 Cypenis denlatits. — He died " before the close of the year," leaving in his herbarium specimens of 

 Boykinia aconitifolia, /linns maritima, Polylaenia tenuifolia. — His Descript. gram, was published 

 " in 1S17." 



In the autumn (Baldw. rel. 1S4), Nuttall visiting Savannah, and continuing his explorations as 

 far as Natchez and New Orleans (gen. p. 57), meeting with Ari*tida tuberculosa, Danthonia sericea. 



" October" (title-page and pref.), William P. C. Barton publishing his Flor. Philadelp. prodr., a 

 catalogue of plants "collected since the month of April, 1814." 



" 1816 A. D." (Inman), the territory of Indiana admitted into the Union as a State. 



"June 10th " (Humb. cosm. iv. p. 145). eclipse, remarkable for the disappearance of the disk of 

 the moon, which was not visible from London even with telescopes. (Probably the one witnessed 

 by myself while a boy at Salem : the moon rose eclipsed, and the assembled company were looking for 

 it in vain, when suddenly a bright star made its appearance several degrees above the horizon, the 

 moon's disk emerging.) 



"Aug. 27th" (Maunder), Algiers attacked by an English fleet under Exmouth ; partially 

 destroyed ; and on Sept. 1st, all the Christian slaves released. 



" In this year" (Spreng., and Winckl.), after his Flor. Lips, "in 1790," J. C. G. Baumgarten 

 publishing his Stirp. Transilvan. 



"In this year" (Winckl.), Auguste Saint-Hilaire visiting Brazil. — He remained there and in 

 Paraguay "until 1822," and returning, published his Plant, usuelles Bras, "in 1S24," and F'lor. Bras. 

 "in 1825-32." 



* XanthiHin. mncrocarpiim of North America. Transported to Europe, and from this year 

 naturalized in Langueiloc — (Dec. fl. fr. suppl. 356); extending thence into Piedmont and Lorn- 

 hardy (Moretti, and Balb.), and observed by Ledebour rare in Southeastern Russia. Westward, 

 observed by myself wild along the banks of the < >hio ; by Berlandier in Mexico ; and the Xanthium 

 "four feet high" seen by Chaprnan in or near Florida, may be compared. X. macrocarpum according 

 to A. Decandolle was observed by Dombey in Peru, and occurs also at Buenos-Ayres. 



f Juncus Muhlenbergii of Northeast America. The "juncusno 15 " of Muhlenberg gram., — 

 named by Sprengel, is probably the " j. dichotomus " observed by Elliot in South Carolina, or "J. 

 viviparus" observed by Conrad in peninsular New Jersey, as well as by myself frequent in the 

 environs of Salem : according to A. Gray, it grows in " Canada," and from " Northern New England 

 to Virginia, and southward," and perhaps in Wisconsin. 



