OF ACCOMPANYING ANIMALS AND PLANTS. 1063 



— completed "in 1823;" he published his Flor. scan, "in 1835," and Summ. veg. scand. "in 1846," 

 and died in his "84th year, Feb. 8th, 1878" (Boston Journal for March 9th). 



"The same year" (Buns. v. 7. 1), deciphering of hieroglyphic characters by Champollion. 



" 1822, Jan. 27th" (Maunder, and Brewster's cycl.), the independence of Greece proclaimed by a 

 congress assembled at Argos. " April 23d," the Greek island of Scio visited by a Turkish fleet and 

 all the inhabitants massacred. 



"Oct. 12th" (Maunder), the prince-regent of Portugal "proclaimed constitutional emperor of 

 Brazil :" thus separating the two countries.- — The measure was afterwards formally recognized by 

 the home government. 



" In this year " (Winckl., and Lenz), Pollini publishing his flora of Verona. 



" In this year" (A. Dec. 635), P. F. Bernard publishing a prospectus of his "Tableau de la vege- 

 tation du Jura." 



" 1823 A. D." (Maunder), entrance of Bolivar, now president of Colombia, into Peru ; and with 

 his assistance, the Spaniards repelled and the independence of the country established. 



In this year, Benjamin D. Greene at Tewksbury in Massachusetts, near Billerica, meeting with* 

 Utricularia resupinata. 



" In this year" (Winckl.), after his Herbarium flor. martinicens. "in 1822," Franz. Willi. Sieber 

 publishing his travels in Crete. 



" In this year " (Pritzel), after his Synops. gen. gram. " in 1820," Trinius publishing his Species 

 gram. : — the Third and last volume "in 1836." 



" The same year " (Kobell iv.), pack-fong, a metallic alloy long known in China and consisting 

 of nickel, copper, and zinc, first manufactured in Europe : — and under the name of " German silver " 

 sold extensively. 



"In this year" (Winckl.), Ph. Fr. von Siebold visiting Japan ; f — he remained "until 1830;" 

 and returning, published his Flor. Japon. "in 1835-44." 



" 1824, May " (Mason iii. 60), the first English war with Burmah. — Ending " Feb. 1826," in the 

 capture of Pugan and the cession of the provinces of Aracan and Tenasserim. 



" In this year" (Winckl.), Viviani publishing his Flor. Lyb. spec. 



" In this year " (title-page), Decandolle publishing the First volume of his Prodr. syst. veg. 



" In this year " (A. Dec. p. 716), after his first edition in " 1814," Bigelow publishing a second 

 edition of his Flor. Bostoniens., enumerating Salicornia mucronata, Ceanolhus ovalis, Myriophyllum 

 tenellum, Spiianthes g?-acilis. 



In this year, after an excursion in 1823 with Wm. Oakes, diverting my attention from Ento- 

 mology, my first botanical discovery,:]; 



In this year, Henry Little and Benjamin D. Greene visiting the White mountains, meeting with 

 China pendula, etc. ; and on the alpine portion, § Salix phylicifolia (S. pumila of Nuttall), Nabalus 

 nanus, N. Bootii. 



* Juncus mititaris of Northeast America. A large aquatic species growing upright in water a 

 foot or more deep, distinguished as early as this year by B. D. Greene, observed at Tewksbury and 

 communicated to Bigelow ; — by myself, in lakes around Salem; but according to A. Gray, growing 

 also from " Plymouth, Massachusetts " to the " pine barrens of New Jersey, and southward." 



f Pimts Koraimsis of Japan and Kamtchatka. Observed by Siebold — (Endl. conif. 143, and 

 A. Dec). 



% Spar«anium eurycarpuin. Observed by myself in the extensive marsh between Ipswich river 

 and Wenham swamp : communicated to Nuttall, and notwithstanding its different foliage, did not 

 attract his attention, its numerous male capitula small and caducous, falling almost as soon as 

 gathered : — the species remained unnoticed until taken up by Engelmann, but according to A. Gray 

 is "common northward and especially westward." 



Carex exilis. Previously observed in the marshes around Lake Wenham and its outlet, but I 

 supposed it might prove a species common to Europe. Specimens were taken by Oakes to Dewey, 

 who recognized it as a distinct species, and named it. 



Hypericum ellipticum. Observed by myself in the marsh between Ipswich river and Wenham 

 swamp, — and subsequently as far as 40° along the Atlantic : distinguished by Hooker, as found from 

 Lake Huron to 54° on the Saskatchewan ; and recently observed by myself near Quebec. 



§ Calamagrostis Pickeringi. Observed on the alpine portion and distinguished by Little ; speci- 

 mens shown me, — and in the following year, observed not infrequent there by myself. 



Aira triflora. Observed on the alpine portion, and the three florets pointed out to me by Little : 

 — in the following year observed there by myself, often but not always three-flowered, but further 

 examination is required to determine whether it is distinct from A. flexuosa. 



